Николай Камзин - The implementation of the economic cycle: freedom, trust, duty

In the material world match the actual set of circumstances under the influence of events and actions previously agreed plan indicates the proper performance of mutual obligation that generates confidence in this subject, and strengthens its intangible asset called reputation. Similarly, in physics, developed a theory that the hypothesis, the assumption by the actual evidence, a single point of coincidence of the hypothesis with the actual reality of nature, becomes a theory, and exists as long as there is no other confirmation of the hypothesis refuted.

To explain the same set of experimental data can be offered different theories. Check them with the output of these effects, which are available testing experience. The content of these consequences should be different from the content of the data used in constructing the theory. If such effects do not withdraw, then the theory is fundamentally unverifiable [61] Мамзина А.С. История и философия науки. – СПб.: Питер. 2008. – С. 66. . «Nothing comes from nowhere and does not disappear». Describing the practice entrepreneur J.A. Schumpeter coined the term «neue kombinationen» [62] Schumpeter J.A. Theorie der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung. Siebentes Kapitel. Das Gesamtbild der Volkswirtschaft. – Leipzig.: Duncker & Humblot. 1912. – P. 4. . A person is in principle an employer only if it «carries neue kombinationen» – it ceases to be such when they established the «case» will continue to operate within the circuit. That is, the entrepreneur provides practical innovation. If his idea is successful, the economic actors who have less marked the beginning of a creative appreciate it. According to George A. Akerlof are naturally the first entrepreneurs to become merchants who have skill to determine the quality of inputs and to certify the quality of the finished product [63] Akerlof G.A. The Market for «Lemons»: Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism // The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 1970. v. 84. P. 496. . There is a natural introduction of the idea of the inner world of business with the potential employer, and they interpret the innovation, organizing commercial «case». Globalization of economic space allows creative individuals to gain access to information resources around the world and generate any actual ideas. Business entities to choose innovative projects and implement them in any area, from their point of view, the most commercially friendly.

Production, as is known, is the interaction of various factors [64] Фахретдинов Р.Г. Проблемы равновесия производителя на аграрном рынке // Экономические науки. 2009. № 9 (58). С. 79. for the implementation of any neue kombinationen connection is required, the combination, the coordination of individual factors, not always, or rather even not always located in the possession of a businessman, acting in their subject, whether public, public interest , which also stimulated by the global economic cooperation.

The form of business determines the legal status of the entrepreneur as the subject of economic relations in the broadest sense, the owner of commercial property, because her choice is an important issue to be addressed before the organization of any commercial project. In the process of implementing a business plan, due to environmental dynamics all subject to change, like the stability of the earlier decision, which varies depending on the circumstances of reality, the entrepreneur changes the shape and way of doing business [65] Камзин Н.Л. Обязательное предложение как ограничение внешних источников акционерного капитала и сигнал об истинных намерениях новоявленного акционера // АСПИРАНТСКИЙ ВЕСТНИК ПОВОЛЖЬЯ. 2011. № 7-8. С. 112. .

As part of the global economy lasting processes, but rather «the direction and degree of change in national economic life of the set of elements compared to the previous point» [66] Кондратьев Н.Д. Большие циклы конъюнктуры и теория предвидения. – М.: ЗАО «Издательство «Экономика». 2002. – С. 33. , called the market conditions are «business processes» global and global crises points and starting end of the previous economic cycle.

To fully participate in this «game» called the international economic cooperation, however, as to begin a local business from the subject required his personal attachment to its nature depends on its role and the remuneration for their participation. The ultimate party «game», the consumer receives the rent as the excess of demand over the prevailing scale of the classical market, basically this is a false social value lost during the formation of the market and the market value of the accumulated savings in the form of money, an extra element to achieve the equivalent exchange [67] Мещеров В.А. Действительная и ложная социальная стоимость – исходные формы образования рыночной стоимости // Экономический вестник Ростовского государственного университета. 2006. Том 4. № 1. С. 97. .

A simple model implementation neue kombinationen, at a minimum requires:

– material resources;

– administrative resources;

– financial resources;

– innovative resources.

Accordingly, the actors and their remuneration are as follows:

The owner – rent;

The worker – wage;

The capitalist – the percentage;

The entrepreneur – a profit.

«It is easier to obtain than to keep», to maintain «stability zones» and the established order of the mechanism established by the provision of Art. 57 [68] Конституция Российской Федерации (ред. 30.12.2008) // Российская газета. 2009. № 7. («Каждый обязан платить законно установленные налоги и сборы. Законы, устанавливающие новые налоги или ухудшающие положение налогоплательщиков, обратной силы не имеют»). of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Entrepreneur as a reward for his activity and the idea of business expects to receive income, the worker for his labor a guaranteed wage, the capitalist expects a capital gain, and the government imposes taxes and fees on its territory owners and users, whether natural, or man-made objects [69] Под естественными и искусственными объектами понимаются, например, недра, леса, дороги, сложившиеся общественные отношения. .

The nature of international economic cooperation is multifaceted [70] Nikolay L. Kamzin, Elizabeth L. Kamzina. Theory and practical aspects of Internationa settlements. – Saarbrücken: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. 2011. – P. 21. . To describe its essence, the inner essence is to maintain world stability, permanence, the protection of existing values, the external entity is a reflection of the actual needs of stake holders to evaluate and order fulfillment.

Commitment generated by the commission of any act of the participants of this relationship remains «a feeling of incompleteness», in the science of psychology there is a «Zeigarnik effect» whereby indeed interrupted, «unerledigter Handlunge» [71] Zeigarnik Bluma. Das Behalten erledigter und unerledigter Handlungen // Psychologischen Institut der Universitait Berlin. 1927. 85 p. is a strong position in the subject's memory rather than acts of completed actions. With regard to institutional and public entities believe it is undeniable accounting and provide periodic reporting on performance results.

In terms of institutional organization relationships in terms of turnover of public goods, the basis of civil rights are the property relations carried out in three areas: innovation, production, commercial, and financial [72] Мозолин В.П., Рябов А.А. О трех сферах имущественных отношений, регулируемых гражданским законодательством // Законодательство. 2009. № 6. С. 24. .

So, how do at this stage of development is organized pursuant to mutual financial obligations within the framework of international economic cooperation.

Fundamental principles of this system are the subjects, which represent the private, institutional and public education sovereigns.

Individuals – are physical persons, residents in the attitude of one or more of the state, and foreign nationals (non-residents) in relation to other.

Institutional Education – an association created to carry out joint activities and to achieve certain goals in the composition, which is composed of different reasons individuals, institutional, educational, public sovereigns.

A public entity – the state, public association with all the attributes to separate sovereign territory, the presence of which, in effect, and distinguishes it from modern institutional structures already so similar to the state, but it is located in one of the jurisdictions.

Operators, agents are specialized institutional education, acting in accordance with the laws of the jurisdiction and the presence of registration. The activities carried out under a special permit, license of the Central Bank of the sovereign public, which gives them the right to perform certain banking transactions in accordance with standard operating procedures, which registered the order of their conduct.

Under Part 2 [73] Конституция Российской Федерации (в ред. 30.12.2008) // Российская газета. 2009. № 7. («Защита и обеспечение устойчивости рубля – основная функция Центрального банка Российской Федерации, которую он осуществляет независимо от других органов государственной власти»). of Art. 75 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, as a significant public entity accounting relations, established by the Central Bank of Russia, so it is not «a natural product of banking development» [74] Smith Vera C. The Rationale of Central Banking and the Free Banking Alternative. – Indianapolis: Liberty Fund. 1990. – P. 102. . Created by the will of the state and burdened with the primary function of protecting and sustaining the national currency. Detail its legal status is defined by the Federal Law «On Central Bank of Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)» № 86-FL [75] Федеральным законом «О Центральном банке Российской Федерации (Банке России)» от 10.07.2002. № 86-ФЗ (в ред. от 21.11.2011) // Российская газета. 2002. № 127. .

In this world everything has its price, the price is set in the currency of a State, between actors in international economic cooperation is most often recorded in the contract price in the currency EURO or USD, in view of current practice. And she has developed through standard SDR, which is practically obsolete and is used by inertia, a multi-system formation is projected to include it as the Yen and possibly the Chinese Yuan, ruble considered as a candidate for this role, it is premature [76] Красавина Л.Н. Российский рубль как мировая валюта: стратегический вызов инновационного развития России // ДЕНЬГИ И КРЕДИТ. 2008. № 5. C. 18. .