Наталья Климович - Красноярский край: вопросы регионального развития. Практикум профессионально ориентированного письменного перевода и перевода с листа.The Krasnoyarsk Krai: the Issues of Regional Development

• a lot of industrial enterprises, including those representing the military industrial establishment, are located in the Krai. This provides great opportunities for diversification and development of the economy;

• a substantial amount of highly qualified and skilled work force is available in the region;

• the Krasnoyarsk Krai is the scientific center of Siberia, advanced branches and scientific institutes are located in its territory;

• there is a number of opportunities for vertical integration of production based on exploitation of local reserves of natural resources and their processing;

• much of scientific and innovative potential of Siberia is concentrated in the Krasnoyarsk Krai, which provides an opportunity for organization of science-intensive types of production;

• there is a number of large export-oriented enterprises, which products are in steady demand in the world market;

• there are great opportunities for cooperation with the neighboring regions, the CIS and foreign countries, as well as for diversification of foreign trade geography.

The Krasnoyarsk Krai, being the second Russian region according to its territory comprises 2 Autonomous Districts (Taimyr and Evenkiya), 48 districts and 25 towns, which are combined into 10 zones with similar economy and a common area.

The Krasnoyarsk Krai is characterized by a complex territorial structure, where all the districts differ on the quantity of natural resources and level of industrial development.

There are following economic zones of the Krasnoyarsk Krai:

1. Taymyr Autonomous Okrug;

2. Evenk Autonomous Okrug; 3. Norilsk industrial complex;

4. Northern group of regions (Turukhansk district, town of Igarka);

5. Eastern part of Lower Angara River Region (Boguchany and Kezhma districts);

6. Western part of Lower Angara River Region (Kazachinsky, Pirovsky, Motyguino,

7. Yeniseisk, Severo-Yeniseisky districts, towns of Yeniseisk and Lesosibirsk);

8. Achinsk group of regions (Achinsk, Birilussy, Bogotol, Bolshoy Uluy, Kozulka, Nazarovo, Tukhtet, Uzhur, Sharypovo districts, the towns of Achinsk, Bogotol, Nazarovo and Sharypovo);

9. Kansk group of regions (Aban, Dzerzhinsky, Ilansky, Irbeysky, Kansk, Nizhny Ingash, Partizansky, Rybinsky, Sayansky, Taseyevo, Uyar districts, the towns of Kansk, Borodino and Zaozerny);

10. Krasnoyarsk group of regions (Balakhta, Berezovka, Bolshaya Murta, Yemelyanovo, Mansky, Novoselovo, Sukhobuzimsky districts, the city of Krasnoyarsk, the towns of Sosnovoborsk and Divnogorsk);

11. Southern group of regions (Yermakovsky, Idrinsky, Karatuzsky, Krasnoturansk, Kuragino, Minusinsk, Shushensky, the town of Minusinsk).

Source: http://www.krskstate.ru

Task 3. Find the word/expression in the right-hand column that could meaningfully replace one of the words/expressions on the left in English-Russian translation.

Task 4. Give the English translation equivalents of the following Russian words and expressions from the above text.

Task 5. Give the Russian translation equivalents of the following English expressions with the keyword «industry»:

Степень стабильности, благоприятная географическая и геополитическая позиция, сырье, запасы древесины, ежегодная вырубка леса, металлокерамика, транспортный центр, шоссе, внутренние и международные воздушные коридоры, промышленный регион, научный центр, наукоемкие виды производства, пользоваться постоянным спросом, автономный округ, промышленное развитие.

Key industry, growing industry, domestic industry, international industry, local industry, state-run industry, heavy industry, construction industry, entertainment industry, nationalized industry, to develop industry, to stimulate industry, to destroy industry, to regulate industry, to be involved in industry, industry leader, commerce and industry, a sector of industry, trade and industry, the revival of industry.

Task 6. Translate the following mini-texts into Russian, using the words and expressions from the above text and Tasks 2 – 5 or a dictionary if necessary.

1. The Trans-Siberian railway remains the most important transportation link within Russia; around 30% of Russian exports travel on the line. While it attracts many foreign tourists, it gets most of its use from domestic passengers.

2. The increasing intensity of competition in global markets is a challenge facing companies at all stages of involvement in international markets.

3. Standard of living refers to the level of wealth, comfort, material goods and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class in a certain geographic area.

4. The evaluation of the Investment Attractiveness Index of Ukraine is conducted by the European Business. The index is based on regular monitoring of the investment climate of Ukraine by the first persons of the EBA member-companies.

5. Competitive advantage occurs when an organization acquires or develops an attribute or combination of attributes that allows it to outperform its competitors. These attributes can include access to natural resources, such as high grade ores or inexpensive power, or access to highly trained and skilled personnel human resources.

6. Despite today's high unemployment rate, skilled workers are in high demand in the construction staffing market.

Task 7. Make an English annotation of the text “The Krasnoyarsk Krai: Economy” (100 – 120 words), using the keywords and expressions using the results of the previous tasks 3 – 6.

Task 8. Translate your English annotation into Russian.

Task 9. Compare your Russian annotation with the sample one, which will be given to you by your teacher. Revise your translation, saying which translation variant is better and why.

Task 10. Give a written summary of the text “The Krasnoyarsk Krai: Economy” (300 – 350 words).

Task 1. Read and study the following text; refer to the vocabulary list given below.

The tax climate in the region is determined by the set of the acts regulating tax system elements of the Russian Federation:

• kinds of taxes;

• distribution of taxes depending on the budget levels;

• taxation.

According to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation there are federal, regional and local taxes. Federal taxes – the sizes of rates, objects of taxation, tax payers, order of their transfer into the budget and commercial funds are established by the legislative acts of the Russian Federation and are raised in its entire territory. Regional taxes and their rates are established by the acts of the Russian Federation and regional authorities and are raised in the whole territory of the region.

The rates under the local taxes (land tax, property tax) are established by the representative bodies of local self-governing authorities of urban districts, municipal areas and rural settlements. The tax on profit of organizations is established by chapter 25 of the Tax code, and is obligatory to payment in the territory of the Russian Federation. The tax rate under the tax on profit is established at the rate of 24 percent, thus: the sum of the tax estimated at a rate of 6.5 percent is accounted into the federal budget; the sum of the tax estimated at a rate of 17.5 percent is accounted into the budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The tax rate of the tax is the subject to be transferred into the budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation and can be reduced for the separate categories of tax bearers according to the laws of the Russian Federation subjects. However, the specified tax rate cannot be lower than 13.5 percent.

The tax on property of organizations is established by chapter 30 of the Tax Code and laws of the Russian Federation subjects, and from the moment of introduction in action are obligatory to payment in the territory of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation.

Establishing the tax, the legislative (representative) bodies of the subjects of the Russian Federation determine the tax rate in limits established by the present chapter, order and terms of tax payments, form of accounting under the tax. With the tax establishment, the laws of the subjects of the Russian Federation can also provide tax privileges and bases for their use by tax bearers.

The transport tax is established by chapter 28 of the Tax Code and laws of the Russian Federation subjects, and it is introduced into action according to the present Code by the laws of the subjects of the Russian Federation on the tax and is obligatory to payment in the territory of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation.

The tax rates are established by the laws of the subjects of the Russian Federation respectively depending on engine’s capacity, draft of the jet engine or total capacity of a vehicle and its category in account on one horse power of vehicle’s engine capacity, one kg of power of draft of the jet engine, one register ton of vehicle or its unit.

The forms of the government assistance for the participants of the investment activityare established in compliance with the Krasnoyarsk Krai law by 30.09.2004 № 12-2278 “The state support of the investment activity”.

Tax benefits on regional taxes forthe subjects of the investment activity are granted to the separate categories of taxpayers which are united by the activity category, sectoral, social or other factors, including projects of creating new manufactures executors which are not realized by this investor in the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Krai.

The state guaranteesof the territory are given to the investors for maintenance of execution of their obligations before the third parties. The Board of the Krasnoyarsk Krai administration within the framework of the agreement on the state support of investment activity can take up the obligations (guarantees) to compensate possible damage to investors, caused by default of fulfilling conditions, stipulated by the contract.

The budget creditsare given to the investors on returnable and compensated bases. Target character, conditions, order of granting and limits are established by the law of the Krai in the regional budget for the appropriate financial year and the Law of the Krasnoyarsk Krai “On the budget process in the Krasnoyarsk Krai”.

The investment tax creditis such a change of term of tax payment, with which the opportunity during the certain term and in the certain limits is given to legal persons to reduce the tax payments, subject to be transferred into the regional budget, with subsequent gradual payment of the sum of the credit and charged interests. The investment tax credit can be given at the level of regional taxes, and also under tax for organizations’ profit into the regional budget. The investment tax credit under the regional taxes can be given for the term from one year to seven years. The rate of interest for use the investment tax credit under regional taxes is established at a rate from 1/10 up to 1 from the rate of refinancing of the Bank of Russia. The investment tax credit under the regional taxes is given at a rate of not more than 50 percent of expenses on realization of the investment project.