Андреас Вайгенд - BIG DATA. Вся технология в одной книге

Одну из таких глушилок GPS под названием Wave Bubble в порядке эксперимента сконструировал студент МТИ. См. Fried, Limor, “Wave Bubble: A Design for a Self-Tuning Por-table RF Jammer”, May 17, 2011, http://www.ladyada.net/make/wavebubble.

Strunsky, Steve, “N.J. Man Fined $32K for Illegal GPS Device That Disrupted Newark Airport System”, New Jersey Star-Ledger, August 8, 2013, http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2013/08/man_fined_32000_for_blocking_newark_airport_tracking_system.html.

Humphreys, “How to Fool a GPS.”

Kopytoff, Verne, “Why Stores Are Finally Turning On to WiFi”, Fortune, December 14, 2012, http://fortune.com/2012/12/14/why-stores-are-finally-turning-on-to-wifi.

Giles, Jim, “Cameras Know You by Your Walk, New Scientist, September 22, 2012, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21528835–600-cameras-know-you-by-your-walk.

Davis, Lauren, “Fashion That Will Hide You from Face-Recognition Technology”, io9, January 6, 2014, http://io9.gizmodo.com/how-fashion-can-be-used-to-thwart-facial-recognition-te-1495648863.

Kelion, Leo, “Face Scanners Added to Chip-and-Pin Terminals”, BBC News, September 30, 2015, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-34399896.

Jones, Charisse, “MasterCard Tries Out ‘Selfie Pay’ for Online Purchases”, USA Today, October 20, 2015, http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/personalfinance/2015/10/20 /mastercard-selfie-pay-online-purchases/72982264.

Daugman, John, “Probing the Uniqueness and Randomness of IrisCodes: Results from 200 Billion Iris Pair Comparisons”, Proceedings of the IEEE 94, no. 11 (2006), pp. 1927–1935, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4052470&url=http%3A%2F% 2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D4052470.

Venugopalan, S., U. Prasad, K. Harun, K. Neblett, D. Toomey, J. Heyman, and M. Savvides, “Long Range Iris Acquisition System for Stationary and Mobile Subjects”, International Joint Conference on Biometrics, October 11–13, 2011, Washington, DC, http:// ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6117484&url=http%3A%2F%2Fiee explore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D6117484.

Sharma, Amol, “India Launches Project to ID 1.2 Billion People”, Wall Street Journal, September 29, 2010, http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704652104575493 490951809322.

Vigilant – ведущая компания в этой области. См. Cushing, Tim, “Private Companies Continue to Amass Millions of License Plate Photos, Hold onto the Data Forever, TechDirt, March 16, 2015, https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20150308/14332230253/private-companies-continue-to-amass-millions-license-plate-photos-hold-onto-data-forever.shtml. Illinois-based MVTRAC owns the other big privately held database of license plate spottings in the United States.NOTES TO CHAPTER XXX 259

Cushing, Tim, “DHS Takes Another Stab at License Plate Database, But This Time with More Privacy Protections and Transparency”, TechDirt, April 7, 2015, https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20150403/10114630537/dhs-takes-another-stab-license-plate-database-this-time-with-more-privacy-protections-transparency.shtml.

По состоянию на 2014 год среди сборщиков данных о регистрационных номерах автомобилей для Vigilant была компания по выкупу купленных в кредит автомобилей Advanced Recovery. См. Orr, Steve, “License Plate Data Is Big Business”, USA Today, November 2, 2014, http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/11/02/license-plate-data-is-big-business/18370791.

“Documents Show Location Records Being Kept on Tens of Millions of Innocent Americans”, ACLU press release, July 17, 2013, https://www.aclu.org/news/aclu-releases-documents-license-plate-scanners-some-300-police-departments-nationwide.

Wu, Huadong, Mel Siegel, and Pradeep Khosla, “Vehicle Sound Signature Recognition by Frequency Vector Principal Component Analysis”, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 48, no. 5 (October 1999), pp. 1005–1009. Звуковым почерком обладают даже, казалось бы, бесшумные на обычный слух двигатели гибридных автомобилей и электромобилей, а по Закону о совершенствовании безопасности пешеходов от 2010 года производители обязаны добавлять «извещающие звуки» в качестве сигналов для водителей и пешеходов.

Sottek, T. C., “The Xbox One Will Always Be Listening to You, in Your Home”, The Verge, May 21, 2013, http://www.theverge.com/2013/5/21/4352596/the-xbox-one-is-always-listening; Kobie, Nicole, “Shh, the TV’s Listening: Voice Is the New Privacy Frontline”, Motherboard, February 9, 2015, http://motherboard.vice.com/read/shh-the-tvs-listening-voice-is-the-new-privacy-frontline.

“This Is What a Security Camera Should Be”, Google Nest Cam, n.d. (accessed January 6, 2016), https://nest.com/camera/meet-nest-cam.

Интервью автору, данное на условиях анонимности в октябре 2015 года.

“Tokyo’s Train Stations Use Theme Songs to Put a Jingle in Your Squashed Journey”, Time Out Tokyo, March 25, 2015, http://blogs.timeout.jp/en/2015/03/25/train-melodies.

Perez, Sarah, “Social Travel App JetPac Ditches Facebook, Pivots to Instagram-Based ‘City Guides’ for At-a-Glance Recommendations”, TechCrunch, December 5, 2013, http://techcrunch.com/2013/12/05/social-travel-app-jetpac-ditches-facebook-pivots-to-instagram-based-city-guides-for-at-a-glance-recommendations. Изначально, приложение Jetpac обходило контент публичных профайлов в Facebook, запоминая изображения, названия, титры и описания. Это было совершенно легально, поскольку в Facebook хотели, чтобы поисковики индексировали публичные профайлы и генерировали трафик на сайт при поисках человека по имени.

Glusac, Elaine, “With New App, Photos Become a Travel Guide”, New York Times, February 4, 2014, http://intransit.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/02/04/with-new-app-photos-become-a-travel-guide.

Perez, “Social Travel App JetPac Ditches Facebook.”

Hardy, Quentin, “The Peril of Knowledge Everywhere”, New York Times, May 10, 2014, http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/05/10/the-peril-of-knowledge-everywhere.

Риск использовать анализирующее изображения приложение для поиска гей-бара в Тегеране был бы крайне высок при минимальной пользе или полном отсутствии таковой. Если религиозные власти захотят арестовать человека за гомосексуализм, они совершенно точно смогут определить его личность. Такие же опасности присутствуют при обмене сообщениями на форумах и в приложениях знакомств.

Olsen, Erik, “Scientists Uncover Invisible Motion in Video”, New York Times, February 27, 2013, http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/02/27/scientists-uncover-invisible-motion-in-video; Rubinstein, Michael, Eugene Shih, John Guttag, Frédo Durand, and William T. Freeman, “Eulerian Video Magnification for Revealing Subtle Changes in the World”, paper presented at the ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, July 2012, http://people.csail.mit.edu/mrub/papers/vidmag.pdf.

Santus, Rex, “This Wristband Works with Your Heartbeat to Pay for Things”, Mashable, November 5, 2014, http://mashable.com/2014/11/04/wristband-heartbeat-payments/#S 8Re1Kn648qR; Tempterton, James, “Halifax Uses Heartbeat Sensor to Secure Online Banking”, Wired UK, March 13, 2015, http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2015–03/13 /halifax-ecg-login.

“A Heart to My Key”, The Economist, May 9, 2013, http://www.economist.com/blogs /babbage/2013/05/biometrics; Agrafioti, Foteini, Francis Minhthang Bui, and Dimitrios Hatzinakos, “System and Method for Enabling Continuous or Instantaneous Identity Recognition Based on Physiological Biometric Signals”, US Patent application no. US20140188770 A1, July 3, 2014, http://www.google.com/patents/US20140188770.

Warden, Pete, “Software That Can See Will Change Privacy Forever”, MIT Technology Review, July 29, 2014, http://www.technologyreview.com/view/529396/software-that-can-see-will-change-privacy-forever.

Ekman, Paul, and Wallace V. Friesen, Facial Action Coding System: A Technique for the Measurement of Facial Movement (Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press, 1978).

См., например, Fasel, B., and Juergen Luettin, “Automatic Facial Expression Analysis: A Survey”, Pattern Recognition 36, no. 1 (January 2003), pp. 259–275, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031320302000523; and Bartlett, Marian Stewart, Gwen Littlewort-Ford, Javier Movellan, Ian Fasel, and Mark Frank, “Automated Facial Action Coding System”, US Patent no. US8798374 B2, August 26, 2009, https://www.google.com/patents/US8798374.

Ekman, Paul, Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life (New York: Times Books, 2003), pp. 3–8.

Там же, p. 220.

Используется разрешение 4K, применяемое в электронных устройствах массового потребления. Интервью автора с Хавиером Р. Мовелланом – сооснователем и ведущим научным сотрудником Emotient от 14 ноября 2015.

Dwoskin, Elizabeth, and Evelyn M. Rusli, “The Technology That Unmasks Your Hidden Emotions”, Wall Street Journal, January 28, 2015, http://www.wsj.com/articles/startups-see-your-face-unmask-your-emotions-1422472398. Видео фальшивых мучений от боли, использовавшееся для обучения модели – на “Are These People in Real Pain or Just Faking It?”, New York Times, April 28, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/04/28/science /faking-pain.html.