Роберт Сапольски - Биология добра и зла. Как наука объясняет наши поступки

A. Marsh et al., “Oxytocin Improves Specific Recognition of Positive Facial Expressions,” Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 209 (2010): 225; C. Unkelbach et al., “Oxytocin Selectively Facilitates Recognition of Positive Sex and Relationship Words,” Psych Sci 19 (2008): 102; J. Barraza et al., “Oxytocin Infusion Increases Charitable Donations Regardless of Monetary Resources,” Horm Behav 60 (2011): 148; A. Kogan et al., “Thin-Slice Study of the Oxytocin Receptor Gene and the Evaluation and Expression of the Prosocial Disposition,” PNAS 108 (2011): 19189; H. Tost et al., “A Common Allele in the Oxytocin Receptor Gene (OXTR) Impacts Prosocial Temperament and Human Hypothalamic-Limbic Structure and Function,” PNAS 107 (2010): 13936; R. Hurlemann et al., “Oxytocin Enhances Amygdala-Dependent, Socially Reinforced Learning and Emotional Empathy in Humans,” J Nsci 30 (2010): 4999.

P. Zak et al., “Oxytocin Is Associated with Human Trustworthiness,” Horm Behav 48 (2005): 522; J. Holt-Lunstad et al., “Influence of a ‘Warm Touch’ Support Enhancement Intervention Among Married Couples on Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Oxytocin, Alpha Amylase, and Cortisol,” Psychosomatic Med 70 (2008): 976; V. Morhenn et al., “Monetary Sacrifice Among Strangers Is Mediated by Endogenous Oxytocin Release After Physical Contact,” EHB 29 (2008): 375; C. Crockford et al., “Urinary Oxytocin and Social Bonding in Related and Unrelated Wild Chimpanzees,” Proc Royal Soc B 280 (2013): 20122765.

Z. Donaldson and L. Young, “Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and the Neurogenetics of Sociality,” Sci 322 (2008): 900; A. Guastella et al., “Oxytocin Increases Gaze to the Eye Region of Human Faces,” BP 63 (2008): 3; M. Gamer et al., “Different Amygdala Subregions Mediate Valence-Related and Attentional Effects of Oxytocin in Humans,” PNAS 107 (2010): 9400; C. Zink et al., “Vasopressin Modulates Social Recognition – Related Activity in the Left Temporoparietal Junction in Humans,” Translational Psychiatry 1 (2011): e3; G. Domes et al., “Oxytocin Improves ‘ Mind-Reading’ in Humans,” BP 61 (2007): 731–33; U. Rimmele et al., “Oxytocin Makes a Face in Memory More Familiar,” J Nsci 29 (2009): 38; M. Fischer-Shofty et al., “Oxytocin Facilitates Accurate Perception of Competition in Men and Kinship in Women,” SCAN (2012).

C. Sauer et al., “Effects of a Common Variant in the CD38 Gene on Social Processing in an Oxytocin Challenge Study: Possible linkes to Autism,” Neuropsychopharmacology 37 (2012): 1474.

E. Hammock and L. Young, “Oxytocin, Vasopressin and Pair Bonding: Implications for Autism,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Soc of London B 361 (2006): 2187; A. Meyer-Lindenberg et al., “Oxytocin and Vasopressin in the Human Brain: Social Neuropeptides for Translational Medicine,” Nat Rev Nsci 12 (2011): 524; H. Yamasue et al., “Integrative Approaches Utilizing Oxytocin to Enhance Prosocial Behavior: From Animal and Human Social Behavior to Autistic Social Dysfunction,” J Nsci 32 (2012): 14109.

Обзор дан в: A. Graustella and C. MacLeod, “A Critical Review of the Influence of Oxytocin Nasal Spray on Social Cognition in Humans: Evidence and Future Directions,” Horm Behav 61 (2012): 410.

J. Bartz et al., “Social Effects of Oxytocin in Humans: Context and Person Matter,” TICS 15 (2011): 301.

G. Domes et al., “Effects of Intranasal Oxytocin on Emotional Face Processing in Women,” PNE 35 (2010): 83; G. De Vries, “Sex Differences in Vasopressin and Oxytocin Innervation in the Brain,” Prog Brain Res 170 (2008): 17; J. Bartz et al., “Effects of Oxytocin on Recollections of Maternal Care and Closeness,” PNAS 14 (2010): 107.

M. Mikolajczak et al., “Oxytocin Not Only Increases Trust When Money Is at Stake, but Also When Confidential Information Is in the Balance,” BP 85 (2010): 182.

H. Kim et al., “Culture, Distress, and Oxytocin Receptor Polymorphism (OXTR) Interact to Influence Emotional Support Seeking,” PNAS 107 (2010): 15717.

O. Bosch and I. Neumann, “Both Oxytocin and Vasopressin Are Mediators of Maternal Care and Aggression in Rodents: From Central Release to Sites of Action,” Horm Behav 61 (2012): 293.

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T. Baumgartner et al., “Oxytocin Shapes the Neural Circuitry of Trust and Trust Adaptation in Humans,” Neuron 58 (2008): 639; C. Declerk et al., “Oxytocin and Cooperation Under Conditions of Uncertainty: The Modulating Role of Incentives and Social Information,” Horm Behav 57 (2010): 368; S. Shamay-Tsoory et al., “Intranasal Administration of Oxytocin Increases Envy and Schadenfreude (Gloating),” BP 66 (2009): 864.

C. de Dreu, “Oxytocin Modulates Cooperation Within and Competition Between Groups: An Integrative Review and Research Agenda,” Horm Behav 61 (2012): 419; C. de Dreu et al., “The Neuropeptide Oxytocin Regulates Parochial Altruism in Intergroup Conflict Among Humans,” Sci 328 (2011): 1408.

C. de Dreu et al., “Oxytocin Promotes Human Ethnocentrism,” PNAS 108 (2011): 1262.

К сноске: S. Motta et al., “Ventral Premammillary Nucleus as a Critical Sensory Relay to the Maternal Aggression Network,” PNAS 110 (2013): 14438.

J. Lonstein and S. Gammie, “Sensory, Hormonal, and Neural Control of Maternal Aggression in Laboratory Rodents,” Nsci Biobehav Rev 26 (2002): 869; S. Parmigiani et al., “Selection, Evolution of Behavior and Animal Models in Behavioral Neuroscience,” Nsci Biobehav Rev 23 (1999): 957.

R. Gandelman and N. Simon, “Postpartum Fighting in the Rat: Nipple Development and the Presence of Young,” Behav and Neural Biol 29 (1980): 350; M. Erskine et al., “Intraspecific Fighting During Late Pregnancy and Lactation in Rats and Effects of Litter Removal,” Behav Biol 23 (1978): 206; K. Flannelly and E. Kemble, “The Effect of Pup Presence and Intruder Behavior on Maternal Aggression in Rats,” Bull of the Psychonomic Soc 25 (1988): 133.

B. Derntl et al., “Association of Menstrual Cycle Phase with the Core Components of Empathy,” Horm Behav 63 (2013): 97. Пример прекрасного обзора: C. Bodo and E. Rissman, “New Roles for Estrogen Receptor Beta in Behavior and Neuroendocrinology,” Front Neuroendocrinology 27 (2006): 217.

D. Reddy, “Neurosteroids: Endogenous Role in the Human Brain and Therapeutic Potentials,” Prog Brain Res 186 (2010): 113; F. De Sousa et al., “Progesterone and Maternal Aggressive Behavior in Rats,” Behavioural Brain Res 212 (2010): 84; G. Pinna et al., “Neurosteroid Biosynthesis Regulates Sexually Dimorphic Fear and Aggressive Behavior in Mice,” Neurochemical Res 33 (2008): 1990; K. Miczek et al., “Neurosteroids, GABAA Receptors, and Escalated Aggressive Behavior,” Horm Behav 44 (2003): 242.

S. Hrdy, “The ‘One Animal in All Creation About Which Man Knows the Least,’” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Soc B 368 (2013): 20130072.

Идея такого выброса освещена в: E. Ketterson et al., “Testosterone in Females: Mediator of Adaptive Traits, Constraint on Sexual Dimorphism, or Both?” Am Naturalist 166 (2005): 585.

C. Voigt and W. Goymann, “Sex-Role Reversal Is Reflected in the Brain of African Black Coucals ( Centropus grillii ),” Developmental Neurobiol 67 (2007): 1560; M. Peterson et al., “Testosterone Affects Neural Gene Expression Differently in Male and Female Juncos: A Role for Hormones in Mediating Sexual Dimorphism and Conflict,” PLoS ONE 8 (2013): e61784.

A. Pusey and K. Schroepfer-Walker, “Female Competition in Chimpanzees,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Soc B 368 (2013): 20130077.

J. French et al., “The Influence of Androgenic Steroid Hormones on Female Aggression in ‘Atypical’ Mammals,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Soc B 368 (2013): 20130084; L. Frank et al., “Fatal Sibling Aggression, Precocial Development, and Androgens in Neonatal Spotted Hyenas,” Sci 252 (1991): 702; S. Glickman et al., “Androstenedione May Organize or Activate Sex-Reversed Traits in Female Spotted Hyenas,” PNAS 84 (1987): 3444.

W. Goymann et al., “Androgens and the Role of Female ‘Hyperaggressiveness’ in Spotted Hyenas,” Horm Behav 39 (2001): 83; S. Fenstemaker et al., “A Sex Difference in the Hypothalamus of the Spotted Hyena,” Nat Nsci 2 (1999): 943; G. Rosen et al., “Distribution of Vasopressin in the Forebrain of Spotted Hyenas,” J Comp Neurol 498 (2006): 80.

P. Chambers and J. Hearn, “Peripheral Plasma Levels of Progesterone, Oestradiol-17β, Oestrone, Testosterone, Androstenedione and Chorionic Gonadotrophin During Pregnancy in the Marmoset Monkey, Callithrix jacchus ,” J Reproduction Fertility 56 (1979): 23; C. Drea, “Endocrine Correlates of Pregnancy in the Ring-Tailed Lemur ( Lemur catta ): Implications for the Masculinization of Daughters,” Horm Behav 59 (2011): 417; M. Holmes et al., “Social Status and Sex Independently Influence Androgen Receptor Expression in the Eusocial Naked Mole-Rat Brain,” Horm Behav 54 (2008): 278; L. Koren et al., “Elevated Testosterone Levels and Social Ranks in Female Rock Hyrax,” Horm Behav 49 (2006): 470; C. Kraus et al., “High Maternal Androstenedione Levels During Pregnancy in a Small Precocial Mammal with Female Genital Masculinisation” (Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research Working Paper WP 2008-017, April 2008); C. Kraus et al., “Spacing Behaviour and Its Implications for the Mating System of a Precocial Small Mammal: An Almost Asocial Cavy Cavia magna ,” Animal Behav 66 (2003): 225; L. Koren and E. Geffen, “Androgens and Social Status in Female Rock Hyraxes,” Animal Behav 77 (2009): 233.