Шарон Моалем - А что, если они нам не враги? Как болезни спасают людей от вымирания

S. M. Rosenberg. 1997. Mutation for survival. Curr Opin Genet Dev 7(6):829–834;

J. Torkelson, R. S. Harris, M. J. Lombardo, et al. 1997. Genome-wide hypermutation in a subpopulation of stationary-phase cells underlies recombination-dependent adaptive mutation. Embo J 16(11):3303–3311;

P. L. Foster. 1997. Nonadoptive mutations occur on the F’episome during adaptive mutation conditions in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 179(5):1550–1554;

O. Tenaillon, E. Denamur, and I. Matic. 2004. Evolutionary significance of stress-induced mutagenesis in bacteria. Trends Microbiol 12(6):264–270.

Про упомянутое в главе исследование Матика читайте:

I. Bjedov, O.Tenaillon, B. Gerard, et al. 2003. Stress- induced mutagenesis in bacteria. Science 300(5624):1404–1409.

119. Читайте полезную информацию про различные заболевания и связанные с ними гены в:

P. Reilly, Is It in Your Genes? The Influence of Genes on Common Disorders and Diseases That Affect You and Your Family (Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2004).

120. Цитаты профессора Фреда Кейджа были приведены в пресс-релизе, доступном по ссылке:

genome.wellcome.ac.uk/doc_WTD020792.html.

Полезная статья про прыгающие гены в мозге:

A. R. Muotri, V. T. Chu, M. C. Marchetto, et al. 2005. Somatic mosaicism in neuronal precursor cells mediated by LI retrotransposition. Nature 435(7044):903–910.

121. Цитаты Нэнси Крейг приведены в пресс-релизе, доступном по ссылке:

www.hopkinsmedicine.org/Press_releases/2004/12_23_04.html.

Работа, на которую ссылается Нэнси:

L. Zhou, R. Mitra, P. W. Atkinson, et al. 2004. Transposition of hAT elements links transposable elements and V(D)J recombination. Nature 432(7020):995–1001.

Также читайте:

M. Bogue and D. B. Roth. 1996. Mechanism of V(D)J recombination. Curr Opin Immunol 8(2):175–180.

122. Подробнее об этой невероятной идее читайте:

James Kingsland, “Wonderful Spam,” New Scientist, 29 мая 2004.

123. Цитата Джефа Буке приведена по ссылке:

www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-08/jhmigc081502.php

124. P. Medstrand, L. N. van de Lagemaat, C. A. Dunn, et al. 2005. Impact of transposable elements on the evolution of mammalian gene regulation. Cytogenet Genome Res 110(1–4):342–352;

W. Makalowski. 2001. The human genome structure and organization. Act a Biochim Pol 48(3):587–598.

125. J. F. Hughes and J. M. Coffin. 2004. Human endogenous retrovirus K solo-LTR formation and insertional polymorphisms: implications for human and viral evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(6):1668–1672;

S. Mi, X. Lee, X. Li, et al. 2000. Syncytin is a captive retroviral envelope protein involved in human placental morphogenesis. Nature 403(6771):785–789;

J. P. Moles, A. Tesniere, and J. J. Guilhou. 2005. A new endogenous retroviral sequence is expressed in skin of patients with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 153(1):83–89.

126. См. стр. 1–10 в:

Salvador E. Luria, Virus Growth and Variation, B. Lacey and I. Isaacs, eds. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1959).

127. Луис Виллареаль, из личного разговора. Подробней о его работе читайте:

L. P. Villarreal. 2004. Can viruses make us human? Proc Am Phil So 148(3):296–323;

L. P. Villarreal, Viruses and the Evolution of Life (Washington, DC: ASM Press, 2005);

L. P. Villareal. 1997. On viruses, sex, and motherhood. JVirol 71(2):859–865.

128. Charles Siebert, “Unintelligent Design,” Discover, март 2006; M. Syvanen. 1984. The evolutionary implications of mobile genetic elements. Annu Rev Genet 18:271–293;

D. J. Hedges and M. A. Batzer. 2005. From the margins of the genome: mobile elements shape primate evolution. Bioessays 27(8):785–794;

M. G. Kidwell and D. R. Lisch. 2001. Perspective: transposable elements, parasitic DNA, and genome evolution. Evolution Int J Org Evolution 55(1):1–24;

J. Brosius. 2005. Echoes from the past – are we still in an RNP world? Cytogenet Genome Res 110(1–4):8–24;

C. Biemont and C. Vieira. 2005. What transposable elements tell us about genome organization and evolution: the case of Drosophila. Cytogenet Genome Res 110(1–4):25–34;

P. Medstrand, L. N. van de Lagemaat, C. A. Dunn, et al. 2005. Impact of transposable elements on the evolution of mammalian gene regulation. Cytogenet Genome Res 110(1–4):342–352.

129. Книга на данную тему:

F. M. Berg, Underage& Overweight: The Childhood Obesity Crisis: What Every Family Needs to Know (Long Island City, NY: Hatherleigh Press, 2005).

Про маркетинг фастфуда для детей, подростков и взрослых:

E. Schlosser and C. Wilson, Chew on This: TheUnhappy Truth about Fast Food (Boston: Houghton Mi- in Company, 2006).

Короткая статья от Калифорнийского университета с любопытными ссылками:

news.ucanr.org/mediakits/Nutrition/nutritionfactsheet.shtml.

Исчерпывающий рассказ про «наблюдение за поведенческими факторами риска» от Центра контроля заболеваний США читайте по ссылке:

www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss4906a1.htm.

Также читайте:

W. H. Dietz and T. N. Robinson. 2005. Clinical practice: overweight children and adolescents. N Engl J Med 352(20):2100–2109;

D. S. Freedman, W. H. Dietz, S. R. Srinivasan, and G. S. Berenson. 1999. The relation of overweight to cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics 103(6 Pt 1):1175–1182;

S. J. Olshansky, D. J. Passaro, R. C. Hershow, et al. 2005. A potential decline in life expectancy in the United States in the 21st century. N Engl J Med 352(11):1138–1145;

Philip Cohen, “You Are What Your Mother Ate, Suggests Study,” New Scientist, 4 августа 2003

В своей статье «New Scientist» ссылается на следующую работу:

R. A. Waterland and R. L. Jirtle. 2003. Transposable elements: targets for early nutritional effects on epigenetic gene regulation. Mol Cell Biol 23(15):5293–5300; Alison Motluk, “Life Sentence,” New Scientist, October 30, 2004.

130. Rowan Hooper, “Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance Challenged,” New Scientist, 27 мая 2006;

Rowan Hooper, “Men Inherit Hidden Cost of Dad’s Vices,” New Scientist, 6 января 2006;

E. Jablonka and M. J. Lamb, Evolution in Four Dimensions: Genetic, Epigenetic, Behavioral, and Symbolic Variation in the History of Life (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005);

R. A. Waterland and R. L. Jirtle. 2003. Transposable elements: targets for early nutritional effects on epigenetic gene regulation. Mol Cell Biol 23(15):5293–5300;

Gaia Vince, “Pregnant Smokers Increase Grandkids’ Asthma Risk,” New Scientist, 11 апреля 2005;

Q. Li, S. Guo-Ross, D. V. Lewis, et al. 2004. Dietary prenatal choline supplementation alters postnatal hippocampal structure and function. J Neurophysiol 91(4):1545–1555;

Shaoni Bhattacharya, “Nutrient During Pregnancy Super- Charges’ Brain,” New Scientist, 12 марта 2004;

Leslie A. Pray, “Dieting for the Genome Generation,” The Scientist, 17 января 2005; Anne Underwood and Jerry Adler, “Diet and Genes,” Newsweek, 24 января 2005.

131. Цитата Рэнди Джиртл приведена в пресс-релизе Медицинского центра Университета Дьюка, доступном по ссылке:

www.dukemednews.org/news/article.php?id=6804.

Статья целиком:

R. A. Waterland and R. L. Jirtle. 2003. Transposable elements: targets for early nutritional effects on epigenetic gene regulation. Mol Cell Biol23(15):5293–5300;

Leslie A. Pray, “Epigenetics: Genome, Meet Your Environment: As the Evidence Accumulates for Epigenetics, Researchers Reacquire a Taste for Lamarkism,” The Scientist, 5 июля 2004;

I. C. Weaver, N. Cervoni, F. A. Champagne, et al. 2004. Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior. Nat Neurosci 7(8):847–854;

E. W. Fish, D. Shahrokh, R. Bagot, et al. 2004. Epigenetic programming of stress responses through variations in maternal care. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1036:167–180;

A. D. Riggs and Z. Xiong. 2004. Methylation and epigenetic fidelity Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(1): 4–5.

132. C. R. Camargo, E. Colares, and A. M. Castrucci. 2006. Seasonal pelage color change: news based on a South American rodent. An Acad Bras Cienc 78(1):77–86.

133. J. L. Brooks. 1965. Predation and relative helmet size in cyclomorphic Daphnia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 53(1):119–126;

J. Pijanowska and M. Kloc. 2004. Daphnia response to predation threat involves heat-shock proteins and the actin and tubulin cytoskeleton. Genesis 38(2):81–86.

134. M. Enserink. 2004. Entomology: an insect’s extreme makeover. Science 306(5703):1881.

135. R. Richard Shine and S. J. Downes. 1999. Can pregnant lizards adjust their offspring phenotypes to environmental conditions? Oecologia 119(1):1–8.

136. P. D. Gluckman and M. Hanson, The Fetal Matrix: Evolution, Development, and Disease (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005).

137. Shaoni Bhattacharya, “Fattening Up Skinny Toddlers Risks Heart Health,” New Scientist, 27 октября 2005;

C. N. Halesand D. J. Barker. 2001. The thrifty phenotype hypothesis. Br Med Bull 60:5–20.

138. W. Y. Kwong, A. E. Wild, P. Roberts, et al. 2000. Maternal undernutrition during the preimplantation period of rat development causes blastocyst abnormalities and programming of postnatal hypertension. Development 127(19):4195–4202.

Полезный обзор на эту тему:

V. M. VehaskariandL. L.Woods. 2005. Prenatal programming of hypertension: lessons from experimental models. JAmSocNephrol 16(9):2545–2556.

139. Rowan Hooper, “Men Inherit Hidden Cost of Dad’s Vices,” New Scientist, 6 января 2006;

M. E. Pembrey, L. O. Bygren, G. Kaati, et al. 2006. Sex-specific, male-line transgenerational responses in humans. EurJHumGenet 14(2):159–166.

Цитата Маркуса Пембрей заимствована из:

E. Pennisi. 2005. Food, tobacco, and future generations. Science 310(5755):1760–1761.

140. Gaia Vince, “Pregnant Smokers Increase Grandkids’ Asthma Risk,” New Scientist, 11 апреля 2005.

141. L. H. Lumey, A. C. Ravelli, L. G. Wiessing, et al. 1993. The Dutch Famine Birth Cohort Study: design, validation of exposure, and selected characteristics of subjects after 43 years follow- up. Pediatric Perinat Epidemiol 7(4):354–367;

A. D. Stein, A. C. Ravelli, and L. H. Lumey. 1995. Famine, thirdtrimester pregnancy weight gain, and intrauterine growth: the Dutch Famine BirthCohort Study. Hum Biol 67(1):135–150;

L. H. Lumey, A. D. Stein, and A. C. Ravelli. 1995. Timing of prenatal starvation in women and birth weight in their first and second born offspring: the Dutch Famine Birth Cohort Study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 61(1):23–30;