Эллен Уолд - SAUDI, INC. История о том, как Саудовская Аравия стала одним из самых влиятельных государств на геополитической карте мира
- Название:SAUDI, INC. История о том, как Саудовская Аравия стала одним из самых влиятельных государств на геополитической карте мира
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- Издательство:Альпина Паблишер
- Год:2019
- Город:Москва
- ISBN:978-5-9614-2378-5
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Эллен Уолд - SAUDI, INC. История о том, как Саудовская Аравия стала одним из самых влиятельных государств на геополитической карте мира краткое содержание
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31. Yergin, 283.
32. Holden and Johns, 120. Цифры разнятся в зависимости от источника, но все они свидетельствуют об одном: о росте продуктивности скважины.
33. Lacey, The Kingdom , 256 и Holden and Johns, 121.
34. Yergin, 284.
35. William E. Mulligan, «Air Raid! A Sequel.» Aramco World, 27:4 (1976) 2–3.
36. Yergin, 285, Thomas Lippman, «The Pioneers», Aramco World, 55:3 (2004) 14–21, и Wallace Stegner, «The Frontier closes», Aramco World, 21:4 (1970) 9–21.
37. Confidential Aramco Memorandum, undated, National Archives, ARC2071559 Box 213 Folder 3, and «Ambassador Childs to the Secretary of State», December 4, 1947, RG 59, NA, 890F.00/12–447.
38. Memorandum by the Director of the Office of Near Eastern and African Affairs (Henderson) to the Secretary of State, Washington, January 26, 1948. FRUS1948, V: I 217–218.
39. Childs, 149.
Глава 2
1. Childs, 137.
2. Ibid, 137.
3. Ibid, 138.
4. Ibid, 20.
5. Ibid, 55.
6. Ambassador James B. Smith, interview with the author, Washington, D.C., January 11, 2016.
7. Childs,142.
8. Ibid, 140.
9. Confidential Aramco Memorandum, undated, National Archives, ARC2071559 Box 213 Folder 3.
10. «Duce, James Terry», William E. Mulligan Papers Box 1 Folder 17, Georgetown University.
11. Ibid.
12. Laton McCartney, Friends in High Places: The Bechtel Story (New York: Ballantine Books, 1989), 88.
13. Ibid, 86.
14. http://www.forbes.com/largest-private-companies/list/.
15. McCartney, 80.
16. «Letter from Tom Borman to Steve Bechtel», October 27, 1949, Box 4 Folder 4, Snodgrass Papers, 06571, American Heritage Center University of Wyoming (AHCUW).
17. McCartney, 89.
18. «Letter from John M. Rogers to Steve Bechtel», December 4, 1949, Box 4 Folder 4, Snodgrass Papers, 06571, AHCUW.
19. «Letter from John M. Rogers to Steve Bechtel, ‘Jeddah Situation,’» December 18, 1949, Box 4 Folder 5, Snodgrass Papers, 06571, AHCUW.
20. Lacey, The Kingdom , 285–286.
21. McCartney, 89–91.
22. «Letter from Van Rosendahl to Steve Bechtel», London, England, December 5, 1949. Box 4 Folder 4 Snodgrass Papers, 06571, AHCUW.
23. Inventory of the C. Stribling Snodgrass papers, 1918–1977, University of Wyoming. American Heritage Center, http://rmoa.unm.edu/docviewer.php?docId=wyu-ah06571.xml.
24. McCartney, 121.
25. «Notes of Meeting with Mark — Tuesday evening September 5 th, 1950», Box 4 Folder 7, Snodgrass Papers, 06571, AHCUW.
26. «Memorandum of Understanding between Cornelius S. Snodgrass and Representative of U. S. Government», December 20, 1951. Допущено к публикации Центральным разведывательным управлением 22 августа 2016 года.
27. «Agreement between The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and International Bechtel, Inc.», Box 4 Folder 7, Snodgrass Papers, 06571, AHCUW.
28. «Letter from C. Snodgrass to Steve Bechtel, ‘SAG Government Program (1950),’» January 17, 1950, Box 4 Folder 4, Snodgrass Papers, 06571, AHCUW.
29. «Letter from Snodgrass to Steve Bechtel, ‘SAG Program,’» January 21, 1950, Box 4 Folder 4, Snodgrass Papers, 06571, AHCUW.
30. Ibid.
31. «Paper Prepared in the Department of State, ‘Middle East Oil,’» Washington, September 1950, FRUS1950, V, 78.
32. http://www.exim.gov/about/mission.cfmand http://www.exim.gov/75th/bank_history.cfm.
33. «Letter from Snodgrass to Steve Bechtel, ‘SAG Program,’» January 21, 1950, Box 4 Folder 4, Snodgrass Papers, 06571, AHCUW.
34. Ibid.
35. «Letter from Rogers to Rosendahl, ‘Saudi Arab Government Project,’» March 19, 1950, Box 4 Folder 4, Snodgrass Papers, 06571, AHCUW.
36. «Cable to Aramco, Jeddah», February 1, 1951, Box 4 Folder 7, Snodgrass Papers, 06571, AHCUW.
37. Executive and Technical Staff: Petroleum Administration for Defense, January 2, 1952. Box 52 Folder 7, Snodgrass Papers, 06571, AHCUW, 1–2.
38. «Visit to Your office by Messrs. Bechtel and Snodgrass», January 16, 1951, Saudi Arabia, Bechtel Int’l Corp. 1951, General Records of the Department of State, Record Group 59, National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). (Далее используется аббревиатура RG 59, NA.)
39. «Memorandum of Conversation», June 5, 1951, RG 59, NA 886.2553/6–551.
40. «American Embassy, Jidda to Department of State», Washington, July 2, 1951, RG 59, NA 886.2553/7–251.
41. «Letter from Earl F. English to Van Rosendahl», June 22, 1951 and «Enclosure 1», RG 59 NA 886A.2553/7–251.
42. «Boyhood Dream Come True in Big Way», The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (Pittsburgh, PA) February 2, 1953.
43. «U. S. Embassy, Jidda to Department of State, Washington. Subject: Contract Negotiations between the Saudi Government and Michael Baker Jr. Inc. of Pittsburgh Pennsylvania», August 25, 1951 RG 59, NA 886A.2553/8–2551.
44. Robert Vitalis, America’s Kingdom (New York: New Left Books, 2009), 169.
45. Saudi Binladen Group, http://www.sbg.com.sa.
Глава 3
1. Childs to Secretary of State, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/1–3050.
2. Childs, 145.
3. Hill to Childs, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/2–1050.
4. Childs to Department of State, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/5–350.
5. James Terry Duce to Fraser Wilkins, May 25, 1950, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/5–2550.
6. Lacey, The Kingdom , 291.
7. James Terry Duce to Fraser Wilkins, May 25, 1950, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/5–2550.
8. Ibid.
9. Acheson to U. S. Embassy in Jeddah, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/6–150.
10. Childs to Secretary of State, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/6–1350.
11. Ibid.
12. Childs to Secretary of States, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/6–2350.
13. Childs to Secretary of States, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/6–2750.
14. «Memorandum of conversation with Najib Bey Salha, Assistant Deputy Minister of Finance», in Childs to Department of State, RG 59, NA 886A.2553/7–2550.
15. «Discussion with Aramco and Saudi Arabian Government Officials Regarding Saudi Arabian Government Requests for Increased Participation in Revenues of the Arabian American Oil Co.», July 25, 1950, NA, RG59, 886A.2553/7–2550.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. «Conversation with Colonel Eddy, Regarding Conditions in Saudi Arabia», RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/8–1450.
19. «Memorandum of Conversation between Sheikh Yusuf Yassin, and Mohammed Effendi at Riyadh July 17, 1950», in Childs to Department of State, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/7–2550.
20. Ibid.
21. «Statement of Aramco’s position with regard to the Saudi Arabian Government’s demands for increased participation in Aramco’s earnings», in Childs to Department of State, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/7–2550.
22. Childs, 158.
23. Ibid, 172.
24. Ibid, 177.
25. Paul J. Hare, Diplomatic Chronicles of the Middle East: A Biography of Ambassador Raymond A. Hare (Maryland: University Press of America, Inc., 1993), 5.
26. Hare, 93.
27. Ibid, 87.
28. Raymond Hare, oral history interview, Georgetown University Library, 38, quoted as in Hare, 87.
29. Hare, 70.
30. Memorandum of Conversation: Conversation with Aramco Officials, RG 59, NA 886A.2553/10–2650.
31. Telegram from Department of State to Jeddah, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/11–650.
32. Confidential Memorandum: Visit of Sheikh Asad al Raqih, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/11–650.
33. Memorandum of Conversation: SAG Demands for Renegotiation of Aramco Contract, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/11–2250.
34. Childs to Secretary of State, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/6–2350.
35. Memorandum of Conversation: SAG Demands for Renegotiation of Aramco Contract, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/11–2250.
36. Holden and Johns, 173.
37. Hare to Secretary of State, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/12–150.
38. Hare, 89.
39. Hare to Secretary of State, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/12–1250.
40. Hare to Secretary of State, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/12–1350.
41. Hare to Secretary of State, RG 59, NA, 886A.2553/12–2950.
42. Ibid.
Глава 4
1. «Resume of audiences had by Aramco officials at Riyadh on June 2 & 3, 1951» July 2, 1951, RG 59, NA 886A.2553/7–251.
2. Ibid.
3. Letter from Garry Owen to Shaikh Abdulla Sulaiman, Minister of Finance, January 2, 1951, RG 59, NA 886A.2553/2–1051.
4. Memorandum to Department of State, Subject: New Developments in Aramco Operations, May 24, 1951, RG 59, NA 886A.2553/5–2451.
5. «Hare to Secretary of State», RG 59, NA 886A.2553/7–1451.
6. «Hare to Secretary of State», RG 59, NA 886A.2553/7–1951.
7. «Hare to Secretary of State», RG 59, NA 886A.2553/7–2451.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. «Hare to Secretary of State», RG 59, NA 886A.2553/8–1151.
12. Hare, 70–87.
13. «Hare to Secretary of State», RG 59, NA 886A.2553/8–1151.
14. «Discussion with Aramco on SAG Demands», RG 59, NA 886A.2553/8–2151.
15. «Unsigned Telegram from Jiddah to Secretary of State», RG 59, NA 886A.2553/8–2451.
16. «Memorandum of Conversation», RG 59, NA 886A.2553/10–3051.
17. «Status of Aramco-SAG discussions of concession terms», RG 59, NA 886A.2553/4–2152.
18. William E. Mulligan, «A Kingdom and a Company», in Aramco World Magazine, 35:3 (1984) 44.
19. Memorandum of Conversation, Subject: Aramco Call on Mr. McGhee, RG 59, NA 886A.2553/10–3051.
20. Memorandum of Conversation, RG 59, NA 886A.2553/6–3052.
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