Рич Карлгаард - Поздний расцвет [Как взрослым добиться успеха в мире, одержимом ранним развитием] [litres]

46… «социальной компетентности» – Tomas M. Hess and Corinne Auman, “Aging and Social Expertise: The Impact of Trait-Diagnostic Information on Impressions of Others,” Psychology and Aging 16, no. 3 (2001): 497; Christina M. Leclerc and Tomas M. Hess, “Age Differences in the Bases for Social Judgments: Tests of a Social Expertise Perspective,” Experimental Aging Research 33, no. 1 (2007): 95–120; Tomas M. Hess, Nicole L. Osowski, and Christina M. Leclerc, “Age and Experience Influences on the Complexity of Social Inferences,” Psychology and Aging 20, no. 3 (2005): 447; Tomas M. Hess, Daniel C. Rosenberg, and Sandra J. Waters, “Motivation and Representational Processes in Adulthood: The Effects of Social Accountability and Information Relevance,” Psychology and Aging 16, no. 4 (2001): 629.

47. «Свойство мозга распознавать закономерности просто ошеломляет…» – Strauch, The Secret Life of the Grown-Up Brain. See also Trey Hedden and John D. E. Gabrieli, “Insights into the Ageing Mind: A View from Cognitive Neuroscience,” Nature Reviews Neuroscience 5, no. 2 (2004): 87.

48… «особой чувствительностью к тонким различиям» … – Michael Ramscar et al., “The Myth of Cognitive Decline: Non-Linear Dynamics of Lifelong Learning,” Topics in Cognitive Science 6, no. 1 (2014): 5–42.

49… специфическая межнейронная сеть мудрости – Ananthaswamy, “The Wisdom of the Aging Brain.” See also Dilip V. Jeste and James C. Harris, “Wisdom – a Neuroscience Perspective,” JAMA 304, no. 14 (2010): 1602–3; Colin A. Depp and Dilip V. Jeste, “Definitions and Predictors of Successful Aging: A Comprehensive Review of Larger Quantitative Studies,” American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 14, no. 1 (2006): 6–20; Tomas W. Meeks and Dilip V. Jeste, “Neurobiology of Wisdom: A Literature Overview,” Archives of General Psychiatry 66, no. 4 (2009): 355–65; Dilip V. Jeste et al., “Expert Consensus on Characteristics of Wisdom: A Delphi Method Study,” Gerontologist 50, no. 5 (2010): 668–80; Dilip V. Jeste and Andrew J. Oswald, “Individual and Societal Wisdom: Explaining the Paradox of Human Aging and High Well-Being,” Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes 77, no. 4 (2014): 317–30.

50… «сокращение межполушарной асимметрии у пожилых людей» – Ananthaswamy, “The Wisdom of the Aging Brain.” See also Roberto Cabeza, “Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults: Te HAROLD Model,” Psychology and Aging 17, no. 1 (2002): 85.

51. Люди старшего возраста используют оба полушария мозга … – Simon W. Davis et al., “Frequency-Specific Neuromodulation of Local and Distant Connectivity in Aging and Episodic Memory Function,” Human Brain Mapping 38, no. 12 (2017): 5987–6004; Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz, Louise Stanczak, and Andrea C. Miller, “Neural Recruitment and Cognitive Aging: Two Hemispheres Are Better Than One, Especially as You Age,” Psychological Science 10, no. 6 (1999): 494–500; Patricia A. ReuterLorenz et al., “Age Differences in the Frontal Lateralization of Verbal and Spatial Working Memory Revealed by PET,” Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 12, no. 1 (2000): 174–87; Kenneth Hugdahl, “Lateralization of Cognitive Processes in the Brain,” Acta Psychologica 105, nos. 2–3 (2000): 211–35; Roberto Cabeza et al., “Task-Independent and Task-Specifc Age Effects on Brain Activity During Working Memory, Visual Attention and Episodic Retrieval,” Cerebral Cortex 14, no. 4 (2004): 364–75; Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz, “New Visions of the Aging Mind and Brain,” Trends in Cognitive Sciences 6, no. 9 (2002): 394–400.

52. Высокая производительность у взрослых… – Roberto Cabeza et al., “Aging Gracefully: Compensatory Brain Activity in High-Performing Older Adults,” Neuroimage 17, no. 3 (2002): 1394–402.

53… называют это смещение «интеграцией мозга» – Strauch, The Secret Life of the Grown-Up Brain. См. также George Bartzokis et al., “Age-Related Changes in Frontal and Temporal Lobe Volumes in Men: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study,” Archives of General Psychiatry 58, no. 5 (2001): 461–65.

54… никакого отношения к раннему цветению … – Ardelt, “Antecedents and Effects of Wisdom in Old Age.”

1. «Я вырос в системе меритократии…» – Эрик Валь, интервью автору в 2016 году. Я познакомился с ним на конференции «Vistage» и был покорен эмоциональной силой его выступления на сцене.

2. Родители играют важнейшую роль … – Мало кто в жизни так важен, как родители, в формировании убеждений, личных качеств и стремлений, а следовательно, и будущего. На эту тему проведено бесчисленное количество исследований, но начните с этого: E. Mavis Hetherington, Martha Cox, and Roger Cox, “Effects of Divorce on Parents and Children,” in Nontraditional Families: Parenting and Child Development, ed. Michael E. Lamb (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1982); Joan Kaufman and Edward Zigler, “Do Abused Children Become Abusive Parents?” American.Journal of Orthopsychiatry 57, no. 2 (1987): 186–92; ALSPAC Study Team, “ALSPAC – the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children,” Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 15, no. 1 (2001): 74–87; Kathleen V. Hoover-Dempsey and Howard M. Sandler, “Parental Involvement in Children’s Education: Why Does It Make a Difference?” Teachers College Record 97, no. 2 (1995): 310–31; Gillian Pugh, Erica De’Ath, and Celia Smith, Confident Parents, Confident Children: Policy and Practice in Parent Education and Support (Washington, DC: National Children’s Bureau, 1994); Concha Delgado-Gaitan, Literacy for Empowerment: Te Role of Parents in Children’s Education (London: Routledge, 1990); Sylvia Palmer and Larry Cochran, “Parents as Agents of Career Development,” Journal of Counseling Psychology 35, no. 1 (1988): 71; Ashton D. Trice and Linda Knapp, “Relationship of Children’s Career Aspirations to Parents’ Occupations,” Journal of Genetic Psychology 153, no. 3 (1992): 355–57; Richard A. Young and John D. Friesen, “The Intentions of Parents in Influencing the Career Development of Their Children,” Career Development Quarterly 40, no. 3 (1992): 198–206; and Ramona Paloş and Loredana Drobot, “The Impact of Family Influence on the Career Choice of Adolescents,” Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 2, no. 2 (2010): 3407–11.

3. «Для моих родных, друзей…» – Роберт Земекис, интервью, опубликованное Academy of Achievement: A Museum of Living History, June 29, 1996.

4. Оно оказывает влияние на наши достижения … – Jill Antonishak, Erin L. Sutfin, and N. Dickon Reppucci, “Community Influence on Adolescent Development,” in Handbook of Adolescent Behavioral Problems: Evidence-Based Approaches to Prevention and Treatment, ed. Tomas P. Gullotta and Gerald R. Adams (Boston: Springer, 2005); Cristina L. Reitz-Krueger et al., “Community Influence on Adolescent Development,” in Handbook of Adolescent Behavioral Problems: Evidence-Based Approaches to Prevention and Treatment, ed. Tomas P. Gullotta, Robert W. Plant, and Melanie A. Evans (Boston: Springer, 2015); Margo Gardner and Laurence Steinberg, “Peer Influence on Risk Taking, Risk Preference, and Risky Decision Making in Adolescence and Adulthood: An Experimental Study,” Developmental Psychology 41, no. 4 (2005): 625; Jeanne Brooks-Gunn et al., “Do Neighborhoods Influence Child and Adolescent Development?” American Journal of Sociology 99, no. 2 (1993): 353–95; Tamara F. Mangleburg, Patricia M. Doney, and Terry Bristol, “Shopping with Friends and Teens’ Susceptibility to Peer Influence,” Journal of Retailing 80, no. 2 (2004): 101–16; Karl E. Bauman and Susan T. Ennett, “On the Importance of Peer Influence for Adolescent Drug Use: Commonly Neglected Considerations,” Addiction 91, no. 2 (1996): 185–98; Jason Chein et al., “Peers Increase Adolescent Risk Taking by Enhancing Activity in the Brain’s Reward Circuitry,” Developmental Science 14, no. 2 (2011): F1–F10.

5. Однако давление со стороны общественности не заканчивается вместе с юностью – Laurence Steinberg and Kathryn C. Monahan, “Age Differences in Resistance to Peer Influence,” Developmental Psychology 43, no. 6 (2007): 1531; Gardner and Steinberg, “Peer Influence on Risk Taking.”

6. «В Миддлтоне все только и говорили, что об усердной работе…» – J. D. Vance, Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis (New York: HarperCollins, 2016).

7. Детство, проведенное в нищете … – Очень трудно точно оценить все влияние, которое бедность оказывает на здоровье. Если же говорить о кратковременном и долгосрочном негативном воздействии бедности на детей, то см. Greg J. Duncan and Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, “Family Poverty, Welfare Reform, and Child Development,” Child Development 71, no. 1 (2000): 188–96; Gary W. Evans, “The Environment of Childhood Poverty,” American Psychologist 59, no. 2 (2004): 77; Rebecca M. Ryan, Rebecca C. Fauth, and Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, “Childhood Poverty: Implications for School Readiness and Early Childhood Education,” in Handbook of Research on the Education of Young Children, ed. Bernard Spodek and Olivia N. Saracho, 2nd ed. (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 2007); Greg J. Duncan et al., “How Much Does Childhood Poverty Affect the Life Chances of Children?” American Sociological Review 63, no. 3 (1998): 406–23; Gary W. Evans and Pilyoung Kim, “Childhood Poverty and Health: Cumulative Risk Exposure and Stress Dysregulation,” Psychological Science 18, no. 11 (2007): 953–57; Valentina Nikulina, Cathy Spatz Widom, and Sally Czaja, “Te Role of Childhood Neglect and Childhood Poverty in Predicting Mental Health, Academic Achievement and Crime in Adulthood,” American Journal of Community Psychology 48, nos. 3–4 (2011): 309–21; J. Lawrence Aber et al., “The Effects of Poverty on Child Health and Development,” Annual Review of Public Health 18, no. 1 (1997): 463–83; Daniel T. Lichter, Michael J. Shanahan, and Erica L. Gardner, “Helping Others? The Effects of Childhood Poverty and Family Instability on Prosocial Behavior,” Youth and Society 34, no. 1 (2002): 89–119; Natalie Slopen et al., “Poverty, Food Insecurity, and the Behavior for Childhood Internalizing and Externalizing Disorders,” Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 49, no. 5 (2010): 444–52; Clancy Blair and C. Cybele Raver, “Child Development in the Context of Adversity: Experiential Canalization of Brain and Behavior,” American Psychologist 67, no. 4 (2012): 309; Martha J. Farah et al., “Childhood Poverty: Specific Associations with Neurocognitive Development,” Brain Research 1110, no. 1 (2006): 166–74; and Katherine A. Magnuson and Elizabeth Votruba-Drzal, Enduring Influences of Childhood Poverty (Madison: University of Wisconsin, Institute for Research on Poverty, 2008).