Питер Франкопан - Шелковый путь. Дорога тканей, рабов, идей и религий

Bar Hebraeus, Ktābā d-maktbānūt zabnē , E. Budge (ed. and tr.), The Chronography of Gregory Abul Faraj , 2 vols (Oxford, 1932), 1, р. 164.

Matthew of Edessa, The Chronicle of Matthew of Edessa , tr. A. Dostourian (Lanham, 1993), I. 1, р. 19; M. Canard, ‘Baghdad au IVe siècle de l’Hégire (Xe siècle de l’ère chrétienne)’, Arabica 9 (1962), рр. 282–283. См. здесь R. Bulliet, Cotton, Climate, and Camels in Early Islamic Iran: A Moment in World History (New York, 2009), рр. 79–81; R. Ellenblum, The Collapse of the Eastern Mediterranean: Climate Change and the Decline of the East, 950–1072 (Cambridge, 2012), рр. 32–36.

Ellenblum, Collapse of the Eastern Mediterranean , рр. 41–43.

C. Mango, The Homilies of Photius Patriarch of Constantinople (Cambridge, MA, 1958), рр. 88–89.

Russian Primary Chronicle , рр. 74–75.

Shepard, ‘The Viking Rus’ and Byzantium’, in S. Brink and N. Price (eds), The Viking World (Abingdon, 2008), рр. 498–501.

См., например, A. Poppe, ‘The Building of the Church of St Sophia in Kiev’, Journal of Medieval History 7.1 (1981), рр. 15–66.

Shepard, ‘Viking Rus’’, р. 510.

T. Noonan and R. Kovalev, ‘Prayer, Illumination and Good Times: The Export of Byzantine Wine and Oil to the North of Russia in Pre-Mongol Times’, Byzantium and the North. Acta Fennica 8 (1997), рр. 73–96; M. Roslund, ‘Brosamen vom Tisch der Reichen. Byzantinische Funde aus Lund und Sigtuna (ca. 980–1250)’, in M. Müller-Wille (ed.), Rom und Byzanz im Nordern. Mission und Glaubensweschel im Ostseeraum während des 8–14 Jahrhunderts (Stuttgart, 1997), 2, рр. 325–385.

L. Golombek, ‘The Draped Universe of Islam’, in Р. Parsons Soucek (ed.), Content and Context of Visual Arts in the Islamic World: Papers from a Colloquium in Memory of Richard Ettinghausen (University Park, PA, 1988), рр. 97–114. О текстильной продукции Антиохии после 1098 года см. T. Vorderstrasse, ‘Trade and Textiles from Medieval Antioch’, Al-Masāq 22.2 (2010), рр. 151–171.

D. Jacoby, ‘Byzantine Trade with Egypt from the Mid-Tenth Century to the Fourth Crusade’, Thesaurismata 30 (2000), р. 36.

V. Piacentini, ‘Merchant Families in the Gulf: A Mercantile and Cosmopolitan Dimension: The Written Evidence’, ARAM 11–12 (1999–2000), рр. 145–148.

D. Goitein, A Mediterranean Society: The Jewish Communities of the Arab World as Portrayed in the Documents of the Cairo Geniza , 6 vols (Berkeley, 1967–1993), 4, р. 168; Jacoby, ‘Byzantine Trade with Egypt’, рр. 41–43.

Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma , tr. W. Thackston, Nāṣer-e Khosraw’s Book of Travels (Albany, NY, 1986), рр. 39–40.

Jacoby, ‘Byzantine Trade with Egypt’, р. 42; S. Simonsohn, The Jews of Sicily 383–1300 (Leiden, 1997), рр. 314–316.

M. Vedeler, Silk for the Vikings (Oxford, 2014).

E. Brate and E. Wessén, Sveriges Runinskrifter: Södermanlands Runinskrifter (Stockholm, 1924–36), р. 154.

S. Jansson, Västmanlands runinskrifter (Stockholm, 1964), рр. 6–9.

G. Isitt, ‘Vikings in the Persian Gulf’, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 17.4 (2007), рр. 389–406.

Р. Frankopan, ‘Levels of Contact between West and East: Pilgrims and Visitors to Constantinople and Jerusalem in the 9th–12th Centuries’, in S. Searight and Wagstaff (eds), Travellers in the Levant: Voyagers and Visionaries (Durham, 2001), рр. 87–108.

См. J. Wortley, Studies on the Cult of Relics in Byzantium up to 1204 (Farnham, 2009).

S. Blöndal, The Varangians of Byzantium , tr. B. Benedikz (Cambridge, 1978); Shepard, ‘The Uses of the Franks in 11th-Century Byzantium’, Anglo-Norman Studies 15 (1992), рр. 275–305.

Р. Frankopan, The First Crusade: The Call from the East (London, 2012), рр. 87–88.

H. Hoffmann, ‘Die Anfänge der Normannen in Süditalien’, Quellen und Forschungen aus Italienischen Archiven und Bibiliotheken 47 (1967), рр. 95–144; G. Loud, The Age of Robert Guiscard: Southern Italy and the Norman Conquest (Singapore, 2000).

al- ʿUtbī, Kitāb-i Yamīnī , tr. J. Reynolds, Historical memoirs of the amír Sabaktagín, and the sultán Mahmúd of Ghazna (London, 1868), р. 140. См. в целом C. Bosworth, The Ghaznavids, 994–1040 (Cambridge, 1963).

A. Shapur Shahbāzī, Ferdowsī: A Critical Biography (Costa Mesa, CA, 1991), esр. рр. 91–93; а также G. Dabiri, ‘The Shahnama: Between the Samanids and the Ghaznavids’, Iranian Studies 43.1 (2010), рр. 13–28.

Y. Bregel, ‘Turko-Mongol Influences in Central Asia’, in R. Canfield (ed.), Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective (Cambridge, 1991), р. 53ff.

Herrman, ‘Die älteste türkische Weltkarte’, рр. 21–28.

Yūsuf Khāṣṣ Ḥājib, Kutadgu Bilig , tr. R. Dankoff, Wisdom of Royal Glory (Kutadgu Bilig): A Turko-Islamic Mirror for Princes (Chicago, 1983), р. 192.

О подъеме сельджуков см. C. Lange and S. Mecit (eds), The Seljuqs: Politics, Society and Culture (Edinburgh, 2011).

Обсуждение некоторых противоречий в источниках см. здесь: O. Safi, Politics of Knowledge in Pre-Modern Islam: Negotiating Ideology and Religious Inquiry (Chapel Hill, NC, 2006), рр. 35–36.

Dunlop, History of the Jewish Khazars , р. 260; A. Peacock, Early Seljuq History: A New Interpretation (Abingdon, 2010), рр. 33–34; Dickens, ‘Patriarch Timothy’, рр. 117–139.

Aristakes of Lastivert, Patmut ʿ iwn Aristakeay Vardapeti Lastivertts ʿ woy , tr. R. Bedrosian, Aristakēs Lastivertc ʿ i’s History (New York, 1985), р. 64.

Источники, посвященные битве при Манзикерте, собраны здесь C. Hillenbrand, Turkish Myth and Muslim Symbol (Edinburgh, 2007), р. 26ff.

Frankopan, First Crusade , рр. 57–86.

Там же, рр. 13–25.

Bernold of Constance, Die Chroniken Bertholds von Reichenau und Bernolds von Konstanz , ed. I. Robinson (Hanover, 2003), р. 520.

Frankopan, First Crusade , рр. 1–3, 101–113.

Там же, в разных местах. О страхе перед Апокалипсисом см. J. Rubenstein, Armies of Heaven: The First Crusade and the Quest for Apocalypse (New York, 2011).

Albert of Aachen, Historia Iherosolimitana , ed. and tr. S. Edgington (Oxford, 2007), 5.45, р. 402; Frankopan, First Crusade , р. 173.

Raymond of Aguilers, Historia Francorum qui ceperunt Jerusalem , tr. J. Hill and L. Hill, Le ‘Liber’ de Raymond d’Aguilers (Paris, 1969), 14, р. 127. Об экспедиции и крестовых походах в целом – C. Tyerman, God’s War: A New History of the Crusades (London, 2006).

Fulcher of Chartres, Gesta Francorum Iherusalem Peregrinantium , tr. F. Ryan, A History of the Expedition to Jerusalem 1095–1127 (Knoxville, 1969), I.27, р. 122. Существует множество исследований о связи психического здоровья и ярости в бою, например, R. Ursano et al., ‘Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Traumatic Stress: From Bench to Bedside, from War to Disaster’, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1208 (2010), рр. 72–81.

Anna Komnene, Alexias , tr. Р. Frankopan, Alexiad (London, 2009), 13.11, рр. 383–384; о возвращении Боэмунда в Европу – L. Russo, ‘Il viaggio di Boemundo d’Altavilla in Francia’, Archivio storico italiano 603 (2005), рр. 3–42; Frankopan, First Crusade , рр. 188–189.

R. Chazan, ‘“Let Not a Remnant or a Residue Escape”: Millenarian Enthusiasm in the First Crusade’, Speculum 84 (2009), рр. 289–313.

al-Harawī , Kitāb al-ishārāt ilā ma ʿ rifat al-ziyārāt in A. Maalouf, The Crusade through Arab Eyes (London, 1984), р. xiii. Также обратите внимание: Ibn al-Jawzī’, al-Muntaẓam fī tārīkh al-mulūk wa-al-umam , in C. Hillenbrand, The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives (Edinburgh, 1999), р. 78. В целом см. здесь Р. Cobb, The Race for Paradise: An Islamic History of the Crusades (Oxford, 2014).

Рассказы о страданиях – S. Eidelberg (tr.), The Jews and the Crusaders (Madison, 1977). См. M. Gabriele, ‘Against the Enemies of Christ: The Role of Count Emicho in the Anti-Jewish Violence of the First Crusade’, in M. Frassetto (ed.), Christian Attitudes towards the Jews in the Middle Ages: A Casebook (Abingdon, 2007), рр. 61–82.

Frankopan, First Crusade , рр. 133–135, 167–171; J. Pryor, ‘The Oath of the Leaders of the Crusade to the Emperor Alexius Comnenus: Fealty, Homage’, Parergon , New Series 2 (1984), рр. 111–141.

Raymond of Aguilers, Le ‘Liber’ , 10, рр. 74–75.

Frankopan, First Crusade , esр. р. 186ff.

Ibn al-Athīr, al-Kāmil fī l-ta ʾ rīkh , tr. D. Richards, The Chronicle of Ibn al-Athir for the Crusading Period from al-Kāmil fīʼl-taʼrīkh (Aldershot, 2006), р. 13.

Jacoby, ‘Byzantine Trade with Egypt’, рр. 44–45.