Ниал Фергюсон - Великое вырождение. Как разрушаются институты и гибнут государства
- Название:Великое вырождение. Как разрушаются институты и гибнут государства
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- Издательство:Литагент Corpus
- Год:2016
- Город:Москва
- ISBN:978-5-17-091608-5
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116
Подсчитано на основе данных в: Brudnick, Ida A. Congressional Salaries and Allowances . Congressional Research Service report, 4 January 2011; Office of Management and Budget Fiscal Year 2013 Budget of the U.S. Government (Washington, DC, 2010); the 2013 Federal Judicial Budget . Также см.: Dudley, Susan, and Melinda Warren Fiscal Stalemate Reflected in Regulators’ Budget: An Analysis of the U.S. Budget for Fiscal Years 2011 and 2012 // Regulators’ Budget Report 33, 11 May 2011.
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Данные за 2011 год см.: http://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/index.php .
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McQuillan, Lawrence J., Abramyan, Hovannes, and Anthony P. Archie Jackpot Justice: The True Cost of America’s Tort System . San Francisco, 2007. P. xii.
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McQuillan, Lawrence J., and Hovannes Abramyan U.S. Tort Liability Index: 2010 Report . San Francisco, 2010. P. 18. Cf. Towers Perrin 2009 Update on U.S. Tort Cost Trends . N. p., 2009.
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Chimerine, Lawrence, and Ross Eisenbrey The Frivolous Case for Tort Law Change: Opponents of the Legal System Exaggerate its Costs, Ignore its Benefits . Economic Policy Institute Briefing Paper (May 2005).
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Kennedy, David, and Joseph Stiglitz Law and Economics with Chinese Characteristics: Institutions for Promoting Development in the Twenty-First Century . Oxford University Press, 2013.
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Porter, Michael E., Delgado, Mercedes, Ketels, Christian, and Scott Stern Moving to a New Global Competitiveness Index / In: World Economic Forum Global Competitiveness Report, 2008–2009. Geneva, 2009.
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Porter, Michael E., and Jan W. Rivkin The Looming Challenge to U.S. Competitiveness // Harvard Business Review (March 2012); Porter, Michael E., and Jan W. Rivkin Choosing the United States , ibid.
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World Economic Forum Global Competitiveness Report, 2011–2012. Geneva, 2011.
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Heritage Foundation Index of Economic Freedom 2011. Washington, DC, 2011. См.: http://www.heritage.org/index/ranking .
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International Finance Corporation Doing Business 2011. Washington, DC, 2011.
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World Justice Project Rule of Law Index 2011. Washington, DC, 2011.
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World Bank Worldwide Governance Index . См.: www.govindicators.org .
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International Financial Corporation Doing Business . См.: http://www.doingbusiness.org/ .
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Haggard, Stephan, and Lydia Tiede The Rule of Law and Economic Growth: Where Are We? // World Development, 39, 5 (2011). Pp. 673–685.
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См.: Trebilcock, Michael, and Jing Leng The Role of Formal Contract Law and Enforcement in Economic Development // Virginia Law Review, 92 (2006). Pp. 1517–1580, esp. pp. 1554–1575.
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Acemoglu, Daron, and James A. Robinson Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty . New York, 2012. Pp. 445f.
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Clarke, Donald C. Power and Politics in the Chinese Court System: The Enforcement of Civil Judgments // Columbia Journal of Asian Law, 10, 1 (1996): 1–125.
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He Weifang Constitutionalism as a Global Trend and its Impact on China ( 2004 ) / In: In the Name of Justice: Striving for the Rule of Law in China . He Weifang, ed. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 2012.
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Michelson, Ethan, and Sida Lui What Do Chinese Lawyers Want? Political Values and Legal Practice / In: Li Cheng, ed. China’s Emerging Middle Class: Beyond Economic Transformation . Washington, DC, 2010. Pp. 310f., 316, 320, 328f.
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Chen, Lulu Mainland’s Last Chance to Reform // South China Morning Post, 3 June 2012.
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He Weifang Constitutionalism as a Global Trend and its Impact on China ( 2004 ) / In: In the Name of Justice: Striving for the Rule of Law in China . He Weifang, ed. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 2012.
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Olson, Mancur The Rise and Decline of Nations: Economic Growth, Stagflation and Social Rigidities . New Haven/London, 1982.
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Petersen, R. Eric Representatives and Senators: Trends in Member Characteristics since 1945 // Congressional Research Service, 17 February 2012; Manning, Jennifer E. Membership of the 112 th Congress: A Profile // Congressional Research Service, 1 March 2011; Tetteh, Edmund Election Statistics: UK 1918–2007 // House of Commons Library Research Paper 08/12, 1 February 2008.
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Tocqueville, Alexis de Democracy in America . Chicago, 2000. Book I, part 2, ch. 4.
142
Ibid. Book II, part 2, ch. 5.
143
Ibid.
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Olasky, Marvin The Tragedy of American Compassion . Washington, DC, 1992.
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Banfield, Edward C. The Moral Basis of a Backward Society . Glencoe, IL, 1958.
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Putnam, Robert D. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community . New York, 2000.
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Skocpol, Theda Diminished Democracy: From Membership to Management in American Life . Norman, OK, 2003.
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Murray, Charles Coming Apart: The State of White America, 1960–2010. New York, 2012.
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Hall, Peter Social Capital in Britain // British Journal of Politics, 29 (1999), p. 419.
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Harris, José Society and the State in Twentieth Century Britain / In: F. M.L. Thompson, ed. The Cambridge Social History of Britain 1750–1950 , vol. III: Social Agencies and Institutions . Oxford, 1990. P. 68.
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Humphreys, Robert Poor Relief and Charity, 1869–1945. London, 2001. Tables 2.7, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, pp. 55, 68, 105, 109.
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Lewis, Jane The Voluntary Sector, the State, and Social Work in Britain: The Charity Organisation Society and the Family Welfare Association since 1869. London, 1995.
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Hall, Peter A. Social Capital in Britain // British Journal of Political Science, 29 (1999), pp. 421f.
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Ср.: Friendly Societies // British Medical Journal, 25 December 1909, и Register of Friendly Societies . Report of the Chief Registrar, 2000–2001. London, 2001.
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Gosden, P. H. J.H. Self-Help: Voluntary Associations in the Nineteenth Century . Leeds, 1973. Tables 3.1, 4.5, pp. 42, 104.
156
Schofer, Evan, and Marion Fourcade-Gourinchas The Structural Contexts of Civic Engagement: Voluntary Association Membership in Comparative Perspective // American Sociological Review, 66 (December 2001), p. 808.
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National Council for Voluntary Organizations Participation: Trends, Facts and Figures (March 2011), p. 18.
158
Cowley, Edd, McKenzie, Tom, Pharoah, Cathy, and Sarah Smith The New State of Donation: Three Decades of Household Giving to Charity, 1978–2008. Centre for Market and Public Organisation, University of Bristol (February 2011).
159
Rutherfoord, Robert Community Action in England: A Report on the 2009–2010 Citizenship Survey (December 2011); Rutherfoord, Robert Community Spirit in England: A Report on the 2009–2010 Citizenship Survey (December 2011).
160
Schmidt, Eric, and Jared Cohen The Digital Disruption: Connectivity and the Diffusion of Power // Foreign Affairs (November/December, 2010).
161
Ellison, Nicole B., Steinfield, Charles, and Cliff Lampe The Benefits of Facebook “Friends”: Social Capital and College Students’ Use of Online Social Network Sites // Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12, 4 (2007). См.: http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol 12 /issue 4 /ellison.html . Также см.: Ellison, Nicole B., Steinfield, Charles, and Cliff Lampe Connection Strategies: Social Capital Implications of Facebook-Enabled Communication Practices // New Media Society, 13, 6 (2011), pp. 873–892.
162
Tocqueville, Alexis de Democracy in America . Book II, part 4, ch. 6.
163
Ibid. Part 2, ch. 5.
164
Lindert, Peter H. Voice and Growth: Was Churchill Right? // Journal of Economic History, 63, 2 (June 2003), pp. 315–350; Lindert, Peter H. Why the Welfare State Looks Like a Free Lunch // NBER Working Paper 9869 (July 2003). Также см.: Sun Go, and Peter H. Lindert The Curious Dawn of American Public Schools // NBER Working Paper 13335 (August 2007).
165
Collier, Paul Private v State: Here’s How to Bridge the Educational Divide // Independent, 14 January 2010.
166
The Horse before the Cart // Economist, 17 September 2011.
167
Education Reform: Back to School // Economist, 9 September 2011.
168
Justesen, Mogens Kamp Learning from Europe: Parental Empowerment in the Dutch and Danish Education Systems . Adam Smith Institute (2002).
169
Данные за 2010–2011 годы см.: http://www.successacademies.org/page.cfm?p= 11.
170
The Ties that Bind // Economist, 28 March 2012.
171
Tooley, James The Beautiful Tree: A Personal Journey into How the World’s Poorest People are Educating Themselves . Washington, DC, 2009.
172
West, Martin, and Ludger Woessmann “Every Catholic in a Catholic School”: Historical Resistance to State Schooling, Contemporary School Competition, and Student Achievement across Countries // Economic Journal, 120, 546 (2010), pp. 229–255.
173
Helm, Toby, and Julian Coman Rowan Williams Pours Scorn on David Cameron’s “Big Society” // Guardian, 24 June 2012.
174
Martin Sime Addresses the Big Society in Scotland Conference . 28 October 2011. См.: http://www.scvo.org.uk/scvo-news/martin-sime-addresses-the-big-society-inscotland-conference/ .
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