Крис Огилви-Геральд - Проклятие Тутанхамона
- Название:Проклятие Тутанхамона
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- Издательство:М.: Эксмо, 2010. — 544 с.: ил
- Год:2010
- ISBN:978-5-699-41545-8
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Крис Огилви-Геральд - Проклятие Тутанхамона краткое содержание
День 4 ноября 1922 года стал одним из величайших в истории мировой археологии. Именно тогда знаменитый египтолог Говард Картер и лорд Карнарвон, финансировавший раскопки, обнаружили гробницу фараона Тутанхамона, наполненную бесценными сокровищами Однако для членов экспедиции этот день стал началом кошмара. Люди, когда-либо спускавшиеся в усыпальницу, погибали один за другим. Газеты принялись публиковать невероятные материалы о древнем египетском демоне, мстящем археологам за осквернение гробницы…
В своей увлекательной книге известные исследователи исторических аномалий Коллинз и Огилви-Геральд подробно изложили хронологию открытия гробницы Тутанхамона и связанных с этим загадочных событий Основываясь на письмах и статьях знаменитых археологов, а также воспоминаниях очевидцев, авторы задаются сенсационным вопросом: не могли ли Говард Картер и лорд Карнарвон обнаружить в гробнице Тутанхамона некую взрывоопасную тайну, способную в случае огласки перевернуть сложившиеся взгляды на библейскую и мировую историю? И не могла ли эта тайна стать для первооткрывателей усыпальницы реальным проклятием — осуществляемым не мстительными богами Египта, а наемными убийцами на службе влиятельных политических сил, которым могла помешать неудобная правда?..
Andrew Collins, Chris Ogilvie-HeraldTUTANKHAMUN. THE EXODUS CONSPIRACY;TRUTH BEHIND ARCHAEOLOGY» S GREATEST MYSTERY
Перевод с английского кандидата филологических наук С.В.Головой и А.М.ГоловаОформление обложки художника Евгения Савченко
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8Gardiner, My Working Years, pp. 37—8.
9Dawson to Robbins, Memorandum, «Informing him of Lord Carnarvon's offer of exclusive news on the opening of Tutankhamun's tomb», 14 November 1922, TNL Archive at the Archives and Records Office of the News International Group, GR/3/19/3.
ГЛАВА ВОСЬМАЯ. ШЕСТЬ НЕДЕЛЬ ЖИЗНИ
1Rapp, unpublished memoirs (GB165 — 0234), Private Papers Collection, Middle East Centre, Oxford.
2Letter from James Henry Breasted to his son Charles Breasted, dated 12 March 1923, quoted in Breasted, Pioneer to the Past, p. 347.
3Breasted, p. 347.
4James, Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, p. 254.
5Letter from Lord Carnarvon to Howard Carter, 23 February 1923? in the Carter archives of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, and quoted in James, p. 254 and Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, pp. 222—3.
6Hoving, p. 222.
7For instance, see Reeves and Taylor, Howard Carter before Tutankhamun, pp. 156—7.
8Merton, «Ld. Carnarvon's Death. 16 Years» Work in Egypt», The Times, 6 April 1923, p. 11.
9Brackman, The Search for the Gold of Tutankhamen, p. 106.
10Merton, op cit.
11Breasted, p. 347.
12Reeves, The Complete Tutankhamun, p. 62.
13James, pp. 256—7.
14Ibid, p.257
15Gardiner, My Working Years, p.40.
16Merton.
17Letter from Lady Evelyn Herbert to Howard Carter, 18 March 1923, in the Carter archives of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and quoted in James, pp. 257—8.
18Letter from Albert Lythgoe to Howard Carter, 20 March 1923, held by the Egyptology Department of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and quoted in Hoving, pp. 223—4.
19Merton, op. cit.
20Letter from the Hon. Richard Bethell to Howard Carter, 26 March 1923, held by the Egyptology Department of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and quoted in Hoving, p. 224.
21Merton, op. cit.
22Ibid.
23Carnarvon, No Regrets: Memoirs oj the Earl of Carnarvon, pp. 120, 124.
24Letter from Alan Gardiner to his wife, dated 1 April
1923, quoted by Margaret Gardiner in A Scatter of Memoirs, pp. 107-8.
25Merton, op. cit.
26Ibid.
27Lord Carnarvon's last hours: sudden failure of hotel lights\ Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
28Merton, op. cit. Merton incorrectly states that his death occurred at 2.30 a.m.
29Ibid.
30Ibid.
31Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
32This appears to have been Algernon Maudslay (1873–1948), a public servant, although the authors have been unable to verify this fact.
33Gardiner, pp. 39–40.
34Reeves, p. 62.
35Hoving, p. 221.
36Letter from Lord Carnarvon to Howard Carter, December 1922 — January 1923, source unknown, quoted in Hoving, p. 153.
37Weigall, Tutankhamen And Other Essays, p. 96.
38Ibid., p. 89.
ГЛАВА ДЕВЯТАЯ. ПРОКЛЯТИЕ КАРНАРВОНА
1Brackman, The Search for the Gold of Tutankhamen, p. 114.
2From a conversation between Anthony Leadbetter, a surviving godson of Almina, Countess of Carnarvon, and the authors on 3 August 2001.
3Carnarvon, Ermin Tales: More Memoirs of the Earl of Carnarvon, 1980, p. 16.
4Ibid.
5Ibid.
6Ibid.
7Ibid.
8Ibid.
9Ibid.
10From a conversation between Anthony Leadbetter and the authors on 3 August 2001.
11'Cheiro (Hamon), Confessions: memoirs of a modem seer, 1932, р. 38; «Cheiro» (Hamon), Real Life Stories: A Collection of Sensational Personal Experiences, 1934, p. 29.
12'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1932, Mark Twain, p. 168; Sarah Bernhardt, p. 147; Austin Chamberlain, pp. 123—4; Oscar Wilde, p. 152; Mata Hari, pp. 248-57.
13Ibid., p. 132.
14Ibid., pp. 97—100.
15Ibid., pp. 108—9.
16Ibid., p. 113–16.
17Ibid., p. 39–42.
18Ibid., p. 62.
19Ibid., p. 66.
20Ibid., p. 68.
21Wynne, Behind the Mask of Tutankhamen, p. 51.
22'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1932, pp. 135—44.
23Ibid., pp. 142, 144.
24'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1934, p. 45.
25Ibid., pp. 19–26, 35–47. See also Nelson, Out of the Silence, pp. 31—2.
26'Cheiro» (Hamon), 1934, p. 45.
27Ibid, p. 46.
28Ibid., p. 47.
29Ibid.
30Carnarvon, No Regrets: Memoirs of the Earl of Carnarvon, 1976, p. 120.
31Lee…the grand piano came by camel: Arthur С Mace, the neglected Egyptologist, p. 111.
32Carter, The Tomb ofTut.ankh.Amen, II, p. xxv.
33Ibid.
34'Lord Carnarvon's last hours: sudden failure of hotel lights», Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
35Rapp, unpublished memoirs (GB165 — 0234), Private Papers Collection, Middle East Centre, Oxford.
36Weigall, Tutankhamen And Other Essays, p. 137.
37Ibid, pp. 137-8.
38Wynne, p. 95.
39Ibid., pp. 95—6.
40Ibid., p. 96.
41Ibid., p. 96.
42Ibid.
43Ibid.
44Ibid., p. 103.
45Ibid.
46Ibid., p. 104.
47Ibid.
48Ibid.
49Carnarvon, 1976, pp. 120—2.
50See Coats and Bell, Marie Corelli: The Writer & the Woman.
51Reeves, The Complete Tutankhamun, p. 62 and Mahdy, Tutankhamun: The Life and Death of a Boy King, p. 129.
52Keys, «Curse (& Revenge) of the Mummy Invented by Victorian Writers», The Independent, 31 December 2000.
53Ibid.
54LMA (Louisa May Alcott), «Lost in a Pyramid» The New World, vol. 1, no. 1, 1869, p, 8. Periodicals collection, Library of Congress, Washington DC, Cat. No. AP2 N6273. See also Montserrat, «Louisa May Alcott and the Mummy's Curse», KMT 9:2 (Summer 1998), pp. 70—5.
55See Stoker, The Jewel of Seven Stars. By far the best film to be based on Stoker's book is The Awakening (1980), starring Charlton Heston.
56A letter from Herbert E Winlock, assistant curator of Egyptology at the Metropolitan Museum, New York, to its director Edward Robinson, 28 March 1923, quoted in Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 82. See also James, Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, p. 218, who quotes the first paragraph.
57Vandenberg, The Forgotten Pharaoh: The discovery of Tutankhamun, p. 158.
58Ibid.
59Weigall, pp. 137-8.
60Wynne, p. 200.
ГЛАВА ДЕСЯТАЯ. СМЕРТНЫЙ ПРИГОВОР
1Carnarvon, No Regrets: Memoirs of the Earl of Carnarvon, p. 124.
2Ibid.
3Ibid.
4'Lord Carnarvon's last hours: sudden failure of hotel lights», Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
5Winstone, Howard Carter and the Discovery of the Tomb of Tutankhamun, p. 189.
6Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
7For instance, see Vandenberg, The Forgotten Pharaoh: The Discovery of Tutankhamun, 1978, p. 160.
8For instance, see Carnarvon, p. 126; Wynne, Behind the Mask of Tutankhamun, p. 134.
9Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 1.
10For those readers who possess a copy of Nicholas Reeves's superb book The Complete Tutankhamun, a photograph of the death certificate (currently on display at High-clere Castle) appears in a plate on Page 63, and the time of death is clearly visible.
11Mahdy, Tutankhamun: The Life and Death of a Boy King, p. 130.
12Vandenberg, 1978, p. 161.
13Ibid.
14Carnarvon, p. 127.
15Ibid.
16'Egyptian collectors in a panic: Sudden rush to hand over their treasures to museums: Groundless fears», Daily Express, 7 April 1923, p. 1.
17Ibid.
18Ibid.
19Brackman, p. 113.
20Ibid.
21Ibid., p. 114.
22Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 227.
23Ibid.
24Ibid.
25Vandenberg, The Curse of the Pharaohs, 1973, p. 19-
25Ibid.
27Ibid.
28A letter from Herbert E Winlock, assistant curator of Egyptology at the Metropolitan Museum, New York, to its director Edward Robinson, 28 March 1923, quoted in Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 82. See also James, Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, p. 218, who quotes the first paragraph.
29Carter, The Tomb of Tut.ankhAmen, II, p. xxv.
30See Lucas, «The Chemistry of the Tomb, in Carter, II, pp. 162-88.
31Ibid., -II, p. 165.
32Ibid., II, pp. 165-6.
33Ibid., II, p. 166.
34Vandenberg, 1973, p. 157.
35Ibid.
36Ibid.
37NBC television report, no screening date, c. 1990s.
38Hoving, p. 221.
ГЛАВА ОДИННАДЦАТАЯ. НАЛИЧИЕ ЯДА
1Quoted in Brackman, The Search for the Gold of Tutankhamen, p. 114.
2Morton, «Tragedy of Lord Carnarvon», Daily Express, 6 April 1923, p. 4.
3A number of Internet news sites posted articles on the discovery. For example see: http://www.egyptvoyager.com/ drhawass_findingthetomb_2.htm.
4Posted on various Internet news sites. For example see: http://abcnews.go.com/sections/science/DailyNews/egyptmayor000523.html,
5Email from Michael Carmichael to Andrew Collins, dated 11 January 2002.
6Ibid.
7Letter from Arthur С. Mace to his wife Winifred, dated 4 March 1923, quoted in Lee…the grand piano came by camel: Arthur С Mace, the neglected Egyptologist, p. 109.
8Letter from Arthur С Mace to his wife Winifred, dated 4 March 1923, quoted in James, Howard Carter: The Path to Tutankhamun, p. 253.
9Letter from Arthur С Mace to Albert Lythgoe, dated 14 January 1927, from the Mace file at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, quoted in Lee, p. 138.
10Ibid.
11Ibid, pp. 139-40.
12Letter from Arthur С Mace to Albert Lythgoe, dated 14 January 1927, from the Mace file at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York,quoted in ibid., p. 140.
13Letter from Arthur С Mace to Albert Lythgoe, dated 7 August 1927, from the Mace file at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, quoted in ibid.
14Ibid.
15Chris Ogilvie-Herald spoke at length with Christopher С Lee, the curator of the Paisley Museum in Scotland, during July 2001, who was unable to elaborate any further on the cause of Mace's arsenic poisoning.
16Email from Dorothy Arnold to Andrew Collins, dated
12 March 2002.
17Pearce, «Bangladesh's arsenic poisoning — who is to blame?» UNESCO Courier, January 2001.
18F. Hoefear, Histoire de la chimie, 1842,1, p. 226, quoted in Lucas, «Poisons in Ancient Egypt», JEA 24 (1938), pp. 198—9.
19Pliny, Natural History, XV, xiii, 45.
20Lucas, p. 198.
21Ibid., p. 199.
22Ibid., p. 199.
23Email from Michael Carmichael to Andrew Collins, dated 11 January 2002.
24See Davis, The Serpent and the Rainbow.
25For further information on arsenic sulphate visit www. sis.gov.eg/pharo/html/immort03.htm.
26See Lucas, op cit.
27Harmon, «Oakland arsenic fears resurface», Detroit News, 12 March 1997.
28Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 221.
29Email from Michael Carmichael to Andrew'Collins, dated 11 January 2002.
ГЛАВА ДВЕНАДЦАТАЯ. ЛОКАУТ
1Carter, TutAnkhAmen, The Politics of Discovery, pp. 10–12. 2Ibid., p. 69.
3Ibid., p. 5.
4Ibid.
5Ibid., Appendix I, p. 133 6Ibid.
7Ibid., p. 134
8Carter and Mace, The Tomb ofTut.ankhAmen, II, p. 51.
9Ibid., II, p. 53.
10Carter, p. 99.
11Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 325.
ГЛАВА ТРИНАДЦАТАЯ. ГРАБИТЕЛИ ГРОБНИЦ
1Lucas, Notes on Some of the Objects from the Tomb of Tutankhamun», ASAE 41 (1942) pp. 136.
2Carter, The Tomb ofTut.ankhAmen, II, pp. 89–90.
3Ibid., II, p. 90.
4Lucas, p. 137.
5Ibid.
6Ibid, pp. 137-8.
7Hoving, Tutankhamun — The Untold Story, p. 350.
8Ibid.
9Ibid.
10Ibid., pp. 350—1.
11Ibid., p. 351.
12Ibid.
13Ibid.
14Ibid., p. 354.
15Ibid.
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