Эрик Кандель - В поисках памяти: Возникновение новой науки о человеческой психике

Прекрасный обзор долговременной потенциации можно найти в книге: T. Bliss, G. Collingridge & R. Morris, eds., LTP: Long-Term Potentiation (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003). В этом сборнике опубликовано немало полезных статей, в частности следующие: P. Andersen, A prelude to long-term potentiation; R. Malinow, AMPA receptor trafficking and long-term potentiation; R. G. M. Morris, Long-term potentiation and memory; R. A. Nicoll, Expression mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation: a postsynaptic view.

Другие сведения, приведенные в этой главе, почерпнуты из следующих источников:

Baudry, M., R. Siman, E. K. Smith & G. Lynch. Regulation by calcium ions of glutamate receptor binding in hippocampal slices. Euro. J. Pharmacol. 90, no. 2–3 (1983): 161–168.

Bliss, T. V. & T. Lamo. Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate gyrus of the anesthethized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path. J. Physiol. 232 (1973): 331–356.

Collingridge, G. L., S. J. Kehl & H. McLennan. Excitatory amino acids in synaptic transmission in the Schaffer collateral-commissural pathway of the rat hippocampus. J. Physiol. (London) 334 (1983): 33–46.

Curtis, D. R., J. W. Phillis & J. C. Watkins. The chemical excitation of spinal neurons by certain acidic amino acids. J. Physiol. 150 (1960): 656–682.

Eccles J. C. The Physiology of Synapses. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1964.

Hebb, D. O. The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory . New York: Wiley, 1949; приведенная цитата – стр. 62.

Nowak, L., P. Bregestovski, P. Ascher, A. Herbet & A. Prochiantz. Magnesium gates glutamate-activated channels in mouse central neurons. Nature 307 (1984): 462–465.

O’Dell, T. J., S. G. N. Grant, K. Karl, P. M. Soriano & E. R. Kandel. Pharmacological and genetic approaches to the analysis of tyrosine kinase function in long-term potentiation . Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 57 (1992): 517–526.

Roberts, P. J. & J. C. Watkins. Structural requirements for inhibition for L-glutamate uptake by glia and nerve endings. Brain Res. 85, no. 1 (1975): 120–125.

Schacter, D. L. Searching for Memory: The Brain, the Mind and the Past. New York: Basic Books, 1996.

Spencer, W. A. & E. R. Kandel. Electrophysiology of hippocampal neurons. IV: Fast prepotentials. J. Neurophysiol. 24 (1961): 272–285.

Westbrook, G. L. & M. L. Mayer. Glutamate currents in mammalian spinal neurons resolution of a paradox. Brain Res. 301, no. 2 (1984): 375–379.

Методы получения генетически модифицированных мышей описаны в статьях: R. L. Brinster & R. D. Palmiter. Induction of foreign genes in animals. Trends Biochem. Sri. 7 (1982): 438–440 и M. R. Capecchi, High-efficiency transformation by direct microinjection of DNA into cultured mammalian cells. Cell 22, no. 2 (1980): 479–488.

Первые данные об эффекте нокаута генов на долговременную потенциацию и пространственную память были опубликованы в статьях: S. G. N. Grant, T. J. O’Dell, K. A. Karl, P. L. Stein, P. Soriano & E. R. Kandel, Impaired long-term potentiation, spatial learning, and hippocampal development in fyn mutant mice. Science 258 (1992): 1903–1910; A. J. Silva, R. Paylor, J. M. Wehner & S. Tonegawa, Impaired spatial learning in alpha-calcium-calmodulin kinase II mutant mice. Science 257 (1992): 206–211.

Эксперименты с участием Стивена Зигельбаума, упоминаемые также в главе 9, вместе с ним проводили Мэтт Нолан и Джош Дадман. Эти эксперименты описаны в статьях: M. F. Nolan, G. Malleret, J. T. Dudman, D. Buhl, B. Santoro, E. Gibbs, S. Vronskaya, G. Buzski, S. A. Siegelbaum, E. R. Kandel & A. Morozov, A behavioral role for dendritic integration: HCN1 channels constrain spatial memory and plasticity at inputs to distal dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons. Cell 119 (2004): 719–732.

Другие сведения, приведенные в этой главе, почерпнуты из следующих источников:

Mayford, M., T. Abel & E. R. Kandel. Transgenic approaches to cognition. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 5 (1995): 141–148.

Mayford, M., M. E. Bach, Y.‑Y. Huang, L. Wang, R. D. Hawkins & E. R. Kandel. Control of memory formation through regulated expression of a CaMLII transgene. Science 274 (1996): 1678–1683.

Mayford, M., D. Baranes, K. Podyspanina & E. R. Kandel. The 3’—untranslated region of CaMLII is a cis-acting signal for the localization and translation of mRNA in dendrites. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sri. USA 93 (1996): 13250–13255.

Silva, A. J., С. F. Stevens, S. Tonegawa & Y. Wang. Deficient hippocampal long-term potentiation in alpha-calcium-calmodulin kinase-II mutant mice. Science 257 (1992): 201–206.

Tsien, J. Z., D. F. Chen, D. Gerber, C. Tom, E. H. Mercer, D. J. Anderson, M. Mayford, E. R. Kandel & S. Tonegawa. Subregion and cell-type restricted gene knockout in mouse brain. Cell 87 (1996): 1317–1326.

Tsien, J. Z., P. T. Huerta & S. Tonegawa. The essential role of hippocampal CA1 NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity in spatial memory. Cell 87 (1996): 1327–1338.

О когнитивных функциях с точки зрения невролога см.: S. Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams, 1900 (reprint, London: Hogarth, 1953) и O. Sacks, The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1985).

О когнитивной психологии см.: G. A. Miller, Psychology: The Science of Mental Life (New York: Harper & Row, 1962) и U. Neisser, Cognitive Psychology (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1967), приведенная цитата – стр. 3.

О работах Маунткасла, Хьюбела и Визела см.: D. H. Hubel & T. N. Wiesel, Brain and Visual Perception (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005); V. B. Mountcastle, Central nervous mechanisms in mechanoreceptive sensibility, in: Handbook of Physiology. Section 1, The Nervous System. Vol. 3, Sensory Processes, Part 2, 789–878, ed. I. Darian Smith (Bethesda, Md.: American Physiological Society, 1984); V. B. Mountcastle, The view from within: Pathways to the study of perception, Johns Hopkins Med. J. 136, no. 3 (1975): 109–131, приведенная цитата – стр. 109 (курсив автора).

Другие сведения, приведенные в этой главе, почерпнуты из следующих источников:

Evarts, E. V. Pyramidal tract activity associated with a conditioned hand movement in the monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 29 (1966): 1011–1027.

Gregory, R. L., ed. The Oxford Companion to the Mind . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.

Marshall, W. H., C. N. Woolsey & P. Bard. Observations on cortical somatic sensory mechanisms of cat and monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 4 (1941): 1–24.

Marshall, W. H. & S. A. Talbot. Recent evidence for neural mechanisms in vision leading to a general theory of sensory acuity. In: Visual Mechanisms, ed. H. Kluver, 117–164. Lancaster, Pa.: Cattell, 1942.

Movshon, J. A. Visual processing of moving images. In: Images and Understanding: Thoughts About Images; Ideas About Understanding, ed. H. Barlow, C. Blakemore & M. Weston – Smith, 122–137. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Tolman, E. C. Purposive Behavior in Animals and Men. New York: Century, 1932.

Wurtz, R. H., M. E. Goldberg, and D. L. Robinson. Brain mechanisms of visual attention. Sсi. Am. 246, no. 6 (1982): 124.

Zeki, S. M. A Vision of the Brain. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993; приведенная цитата – стр. 295–296 (курсив автора).

Подробности о гиппокампе и восприятии пространства можно узнать из книги: J. O’Keefe & L. Nadel, The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978), приведенная цитата – стр. 5.

О внимании см.: W. James, The Works of William James. The Principles of Psychology, ed. F. Burkhardt & F. Bowers, 3 vols. (1890) (reprint, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1981), цитата – том 1, стр. 380–381 (курсив автора).

О внимании, пространстве и памяти см.: F. A. Yates, The Art of Memory (Chicago: University of Chicago Press: London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966).

О различиях между полами см.: E. A. Maguire, N. Burgess & J. O’Keefe, Human spatial navigation: Cognitive maps, sexual dimorphism and neural substrates, Current Opin. Neurobiol. 9, no. 2 (1999): 171–177.

Другие сведения, приведенные в этой главе, почерпнуты из следующих источников:

Agnihotri, N. T., R. D. Hawkins, E. R. Kandel & C. G. Kentros. The long-term stability of new hippocampal place fields requires new protein synthesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101 (2004): 3656–3661.

Bushnell, M. C., M. E. Goldberg & D. L. Robinson. Behavioral enhancement of visual responses in monkey cerebral cortex. 1: Modulation in posterior parietal cortex related to selective visual attention. J. Neurophysiol. 46, no. 4 (1981): 755–772.

Kentros, C. G., N. T. Agnihotri, S. Streater, R. D. Hawkins & E. R. Kandel. Increased attention to spatial context increases both place field stability and spatial memory. Neuron 42 (2004): 283–295.

McHugh, T. J., K. I. Blum, J. Z. Tsien, S. Tonegawa & M. A. Wilson. Impaired hippocampal representation of space in CAl-specific NMDAR1 knockout mice. Cell 87 (1996): 1339–1349.

O’Keefe, J., & J. Dostrovsky. The hippocampus as a spatial map: Preliminary evidence from unit activity in the freely-moving rat. Brain Res. 34, no. 1 (1971): 171–175.

Rotenberg, A., M. Mayford, R. D. Hawkins, E. R. Kandel & R. U. Muller. Mice expressing activated CaMKII lack low frequency LTP and do not form stable place cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Cell 87 (1996): 1351–1361.

Theis, M., K. Si & E. R. Kandel. Two previously undescribed members of the mouse CPEB family of genes and their inducible expression in the principal cell layers of the hippocampus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100 (2003): 9602–9607.

Zeki, S. M. A Vision of the Brain. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.

О вкладе Пастера в развитие науки и промышленности см.: R. J. Dubos, Louis Pasteur (Boston: Little, Brown, 1950) и M. Perutz, Deconstructing Pasteur, in: I Wish I’d Made You Angry Earlier: Essays on Science, Scientists and Humanity (Plainview, N. Y.: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1998), стр. 119–130.