Трейси Манн - Секреты лаборатории питания: Наука похудения, мифы о силе воли и пользе диет
- Название:Секреты лаборатории питания: Наука похудения, мифы о силе воли и пользе диет
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- Издательство:Литагент Альпина
- Год:2017
- Город:Москва
- ISBN:978-5-9614-4410-0
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138
Все, что я рассказываю о стрессе в этом и следующем абзацах, подробнее описывается в замечательной книге: Robert Sapolsky, «Why Zebras Don't Get Ulcers», 3rd ed.
139
A. Janet Tomiyama et al., «Does Cellular Aging Relate to Patterns of Allostasis? An Examination of Basal and Stress Reactive HPA Axis Activity and Telomere Length», Physiology & Behavior 106, no. 1 (April 12, 2012): 40–45, doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.11.016.
140
Amy Kiefer et al., «Dietary Restraint and Telomere Length in Pre-and Post-Menopausal Women», Psychosomatic Medicine 70, no. 8 (October 1, 2008): 845–49, doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e318187d05e.
141
David Gal and Wendy Liu, «Grapes of Wrath: The Angry Effects of Self-Control», Journal of Consumer Research 38, no. 3 (2011): 445–58.
142
Keys et al., «The Biology of Human Starvation», vols. 1 and 2, p. 907.
143
Smith, «Battles of Belief in World War II».
144
Thomas A. Wadden et al., «Dieting and the Development of Eating Disorders in Obese Women: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial», American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 80, no. 3 (September 1, 2004): 560–68; Diann M. Ackard, Jillian K. Croll, and Ann Kearney-Cooke, «Dieting Frequency among College Females: Association with Disordered Eating, Body Image, and Related Psychological Problems», Journal of Psychosomatic Research 52, no. 3 (2002): 129–36; F. M. Cachelin and P. C. Regan, «Prevalence and Correlates of Chronic Dieting in a Multi-Ethnic U.S. Community Sample», Eating and Weight Disorders 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2006): 91–99; Scott Crow et al., «Psychosocial and Behavioral Correlates of Dieting among Overweight and Non-Overweight Adolescents», Journal of Adolescent Health 38, no. 5 (2006): 569–74; Meghan M. Gillen, Charlotte N. Markey, and Patrick M. Markey, «An Examination of Dieting Behaviors among Adults: Links with Depression», Eating Behaviors 13, no. 2 (2012): 88–93; T. A. Wadden, A. J. Stunkard, and J. W. Smoller, «Dieting and Depression: A Methodological Study», Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 54, no. 6 (1986): 869.
145
Работа обзорного характера по теме: Rena R. Wing et al., «Mood Changes in Behavioral Weight Loss Programs», Journal of Psychosomatic Research 28, no. 3 (1984): 189–96.
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Rena R. Wing et al., «Mood Changes in Behavioral Weight Loss Programs», Journal of Psychosomatic Research 28, no. 3 (1984): 189–96.
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Работа обзорного характера по теме: Jordan W. Smoller, Thomas A. Wadden, and Albert J. Stunkard, «Dieting and Depression: A Critical Review», Journal of Psychosomatic Research 31, no. 4 (1987): 429–40.
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Dacher Keltner, «Evidence for the Distinctness of Embarrassment, Shame, and Guilt: A Study of Recalled Antecedents and Facial Expressions of Emotion», Cognition & Emotion 10, no. 2 (March 1996): 155–72, doi:10.1080/026999396380312.
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Ben C. Fletcher et al., «How Visual Images of Chocolate Affect the Craving and Guilt of Female Dieters», Appetite 48, no. 2 (2007): 211–17; Gillian A. King, C. Peter Herman, and Janet Polivy, «Food Perception in Dieters and Non-Dieters», Appetite 8, no. 2 (1987): 147–58.
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Michael Prager, «I Don't Consider Fatness a Problem», MichaelPrager.com/blog, 2013, http://michaelprager.com/content/i-dont-consider-fatness-problem-Deb-Burgard-Health-At-Every-Size.
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June Price Tangney, Jeff Stuewig, and Debra J Mashek, «Moral Emotions and Moral Behavior», Annual Review of Psychology 58 (January 2007): 345–72, doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070145.
153
Tara L. Gruenewald et al., «Acute Threat to the Social Self: Shame, Social Self-Esteem, and Cortisol Activity», Psychosomatic Medicine 66, no. 6 (January 1, 2004): 915–24, doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000143639.61693.ef.
154
Sally S. Dickerson et al., «Immunological Effects of Induced Shame and Guilt», Psychosomatic Medicine 66, no. 1 (2004): 124–31.
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Tangney, Stuewig, and Mashek, «Moral Emotions and Moral Behavior».
156
Eric Stice, «Risk and Maintenance Factors for Eating Pathology: A Meta-Analytic Review», Psychological Bulletin 128, no. 5 (September 2002): 825–48.
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Eric Stice, «Risk and Maintenance Factors for Eating Pathology: A Meta-Analytic Review», Psychological Bulletin 128, no. 5 (September 2002): 825–48.
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Eric Stice et al., «Fasting Increases Risk for Onset of Binge Eating and Bulimic Pathology: A 5-Year Prospective Study», Journal of Abnormal Psychology 117, no. 4 (November 1, 2008): 941–46, doi:10.1037/a0013644.
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Wadden et al., «Dieting and the Development of Eating Disorders in Obese Women».
160
Donald A. Williamson et al., «Is Caloric Restriction Associated with Development of Eating-Disorder Symptoms? Results from the CALERIE Trial», Health Psychology 27, no. 1 Suppl. (January 2008): S32–42, doi:10.1037/0278-6133.27.1.S32.
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Stice, Burger, and Yokum, «Caloric Deprivation Increases Responsivity of Attention and Reward Brain Regions to Intake, Anticipated Intake, and Images of Palatable Foods».
162
Gene-Jack Wang et al., «Regional Brain Metabolic Activation during Craving Elicited by Recall of Previous Drug Experiences», Life Sciences 64, no. 9 (1999): 775–84.
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A. E. Field et al., «Weight Cycling, Weight Gain, and Risk of Hypertension in Women», American Journal of Epidemiology 150, no. 6 (1999): 573–79.
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Richard L. Atkinson, «Weight Cycling», JAMA 272, no. 15 (October 19, 1994): 1196, doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03520150064038.
165
Mette K. Simonsen et al., «Intentional Weight Loss and Mortality among Initially Healthy Men and Women», Nutrition Reviews 66, no. 7 (July 2008): 375–86, doi:10.1111/j.1753–4887.2008.00047.x; M. E. Perez Morales, A. Jimenez Cruz, and M. Bacardi Gascon, «The Effect of Weight Loss on Mortality: A Systematic Review from 2000 to 2009», Nutriciуn Hospitalaria 25, no. 5 (2010): 718–24, doi:S0212-16112010000500006 [pii].
166
M. Harrington, S. Gibson, and R. C. Cottrell, «A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Weight Loss on All-Cause Mortality Risk», Nutrition Research Reviews 22, no. 1 (2009): 93–108, doi:10.1017/S0954422409990035; Victoria L. Stevens et al., «Weight Cycling and Mortality in a Large Prospective US Study», American Journal of Epidemiology 175, no. 8 (April 15, 2012): 785–92, doi:10.1093/aje/kwr378.
167
Kelly D. Brownell and Judith Rodin, «Medical, Metabolic, and Psychological Effects of Weight Cycling», Archives of Internal Medicine 154, no. 12 (1994): 1325; Reubin Andres, «Long-Term Effects of Change in Body Weight on All-Cause Mortality: A Review», Annals of Internal Medicine 119, no. 7, Part 2 (October 1, 1993): 737, doi:10.7326/0003-4819-119-7_Part_2-199310011-00022; Perez Morales, Jimenez Cruz, and Bacardi Gascon, «The Effect of Weight Loss on Mortality: A Systematic Review from 2000 to 2009»; Simonsen et al., «Intentional Weight Loss and Mortality among Initially Healthy Men and Women».
168
Поскольку только 6 % населения болеет ожирением третьей степени и выше, у большинства респондентов диагностировалось, вероятно, ожирение первой и второй степени. Совсем необязательно, что на более запущенных стадиях ожирения стабильное значение массы тела не опасно для здоровья. Peter Rzehak et al., «Weight Change, Weight Cycling and Mortality in the ERFORT Male Cohort Study», European Journal of Epidemiology 22, no. 10 (January 2007): 665–73, doi:10.1007/s10654-007-9167-5.
169
Elizabeth Abbess, «Cabbage Soup Diet: What You Need to Know», Discovery Fit and Health , 2013, http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/diet-fitness/diets/cabbage-soup-diet2.htm.
170
«Xenical Orlistat: Information for Consumers,» 2013, http://www.xenical.com/xenical/default.do.
171
Danielle Dellorto, «Obesity Bigger Health Crisis Than Hunger», CNN.com, 2012, http://edition.cnn.com/2012/12/13/health/global-burden-report/.
172
Nanci Hellmich, «Obesity on Track as No. 1 Killer», USAToday.com, March 9, 2004, http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/health/2004-03-09-obesity_x.htm.
173
Nanci Hellmich, «Obesity Threatens Life Expectancy», USAToday.com, 2005, http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/health/2005-03-16-obesity-lifespan_x.htm.
174
National Center for Health Statistics, Health, United States, 2013: With Special Feature on Prescription Drugs (Hyattsville, MD, 2014), табл. 69.
175
S. Jay Olshansky et al., «A Potential Decline in Life Expectancy in the United States in the 21st Century», New England Journal of Medicine 352, no. 11 (March 17, 2005): 1138–45, doi:10.1056/NEJMsr043743.
176
N. Christenfeld, D. P. Phillips, and L. M. Glynn, «What's in a Name: Mortality and the Power of Symbols», Journal of Psychosomatic Research 47, no. 3 (September 1999): 241–54.
177
Katherine M. Flegal et al., «Association of All-Cause Mortality with Overweight and Obesity Using Standard Body Mass Index Categories: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis», JAMA 309, no. 1 (January 2, 2013): 71–82, doi:10.1001/jama.2012.113905.
178
Это формальное соотношение рисков.
179
Когда в этом абзаце я говорю о том, что отношение равнялось единице, я имею в виду, что 95 %-ный доверительный интервал включал в себя единицу. Аналогичным образом «отношение больше единицы» означает, что нижняя граница 95 %-ного доверительного интервала больше единицы. 140 – это количество исследований, отобранных Флегал из 97 разных источников, а не число самих источников.
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