Дэниел Ергин - Новая карта мира. Энергетические ресурсы, меняющийся климат и столкновение наций

Remarks by President Obama on American-Made Energy, Cushing, Oklahoma, March 22, 2012; Jane Mayer, «Taking It to the Streets,» New Yorker , November 20, 2011 («game over»); Kevin Birn and Cathy Crawford, Intensity of Canadian Oil Sands Production: A New Analysis,» IHS Markit Canadian Oil Sands Dialogue, June, 2020. On permitting pipelines, National Petroleum Council, Dynamic Delivery: America’s Evolving Oil and Gas Transportation Infrastructure (Washington, D.C., 2019).

Interview with Carlos Pascual.

«Keystone XL Pipeline Permit Determination,» Press Statement, John Kerry, Secretary of State, Washington, D.C., November 6, 2015, https://2009-2017.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2015/11/249249.htm; «Background Briefing on the Keystone XL Pipeline,» Special Briefing, Office of the Spokesperson, via teleconference, November 6, 2015, https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2015/11/249266.htm.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Dakota Access Pipeline Environmental Statement , December 9, 2015; Dakota Access Pipeline, «Addressing Misconceptions About the Dakota Access Pipeline,» https://daplpipelinefacts.com/The-Facts.html; Daryl Own, «The Untold Story of the Dakota Access Pipeline,» LSU Journal of Energy and Resources 6 (Spring 2018).

Charlotte Alter, «Inside Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez’s Unlikely Rise,» Time , March 21, 2019; Earthjustice, «The Dakota Access Pipeline,» https://earthjustice.org/cases/2016/the-dakota-access-pipeline; «Paying for Standing Rock,» Wall Street Journal , September 29, 2017 («bison»); Blake Nicholson, «State, Feds Address Cleanup at Oil Pipeline Protest Camp,» AP News, February 15, 2017.

Journal of Commerce , July 8, 1946; March 9, May 12, 1948.

Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money & Power (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), chapters 28-31; IHS Energy, US Crude Oil Export Decision: Assessing the Impact of the Export Ban and Free Trade on the US Economy (Houston: 2014).

Lisa Murkowski, «Opening Remarks,» CERAWeek 2015; Lisa Murkowski, John McCain, and Bob Corker, «The U.S. Needs to End Its Ban on Crude Oil Exports,» Foreign Policy , April 14, 2015; Maroš Sefčovič, «A 21st Century Transatlantic Energy Compact,» Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, D.C., October 22, 2015.

Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw, The Commanding Heights: The Battle for the World Economy (New York: Touchstone, 2002).

Maroš Sefčovič, «A 21st Century Transatlantic Energy Compact».

St. Petersburg International Economic Forum, June 2013; Thomas Donilon, «Energy and American Power: Farewell to Declinism,» Foreign Affairs , June 2013; Michael R. Pompeo, Speech at CERAWeek: «U.S. Foreign Policy in the New Age of Discovery,» March 12, 2019. On the impact on U.S. foreign relations, see Meghan O’Sullivan, Windfall: How the New Energy Abundance Upends Global Politics and Strengthens America’s Power (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2017), chapters 5 and 6.

Bruce Jones, David Steve, and Emily O’Brien, Fueling a New Order? The New Geopolitical and Security Consequences of Energy (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 2014), p. 12.

Foreign Relations of the United States, 1950, vol. 5 (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1978), p. 1191.

Trade Partnership Worldwide, «Trade and American Jobs: The Impact of Trade on U.S. and State-Level Employment,» February 2019.

Carlos Pascual, «The New Geopolitics of Energy,» Columbia Center on Global Economic Policy, September 2015, pp. 14-15; Javier Blas, «Iran Sanctions Push Oil Price,» Financial Times , January 23, 2012; «Iran: EU Oil Sanctions,» BBC, January 23, 2012.

Christopher Alessi and Sarah McFarlane, «Europe Opens Up to Other Gas Suppliers,» Wall Street Journal , September 27, 2018.

Interview (Korea).

Interview.

Raoul LeBlanc, «The Impact of Financial Discipline on Crude Supply,» IHS Markit, January 23, 2020.

Например, книга дипломата Джорджа Кинана о советской внешней политике называлась «Россия и Запад во времена правления Ленина и Сталина».

А также Финляндию, которая в 1917 году перестала быть частью Советского Союза. – Прим. ред.

Angela Stent, The Limits of Partnership: U.S. – Russian Relations in the Twenty-First Century (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2014), p. 191 («energy superpower»); Oliver Stone, The Putin Interviews: Oliver Stone Interviews Vladimir Putin (New York: Hot Books, 2017), p. 149 («important elements»).

Vagit Alekperov, Oil of Russia: Past, Present and Future (Minneapolis: East View Press, 2011), p. 98 («breadbasket»), p. 128.

Alekperov, Oil of Russia , pp. 173-74 («fuel crisis»).

Alekperov, Oil of Russia , p. 252.

Yegor Gaidar, «The Soviet Collapse: Grain and Oil,» American Enterprise Institute, April 2007 («timeline»).

Interview with Mikhail Gorbachev; Yegor Gaidar, Collapse of an Empire: Lessons for Modern Russia (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2007), p. 165 («no national economy»).

Serhii Plokhy, The Last Empire: The Final Days of the Soviet Union (London: One World, 2014), pp. 303-10, 367, 377.

Interview with Yegor Gaidar (« chudo »). On the «Wild 90’s» and the Russian oil industry, see Thane Gustafson, Wheel of Fortune: The Battle for Oil and Power in Russia (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2012), chapters 2-5.

Переименование города произошло в 1991 г. – Прим. ред.

Fiona Hill and Clifford G. Gaddy, Mr. Putin: Operative in the Kremlin (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2015), pp. 107-15, 181-83; Angela Stent, Putin’s World: Russia Against the West and with the Rest (New York: Twelve, 2019), p. 4 («judoist»), pp. 83-86; Stent, Limits of Partnership , pp. 4, 85-86.

Interview.

Paul R. Magosci, A History of Ukraine: The Land and Its Peoples (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2010), pp. 72-73; Serhii Plokhy, The Gates of Europe: A History of Ukraine (New York: Basic Books, 2015), p. 167.

Serhii Plokhy and M. E. Sarotte, «The Shoals of Illusion,» Foreign Affairs , November 22, 2019 («born nuclear»); Steven Pifer, «The Budapest Memorandum and U.S. Obligations,» Brookings Institution, December 4, 2014.

Thane Gustafson, The Bridge: Natural Gas in a Redivided Europe (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2020), chapter 9.

Serhii Plokhy, The Gates of Europe, pp. 333-34; Angela Stent, The Limits of Partnership: US-Russian Relations in the Twenty-First Century (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2014), chapter 5; Samuel Charap and Timothy J. Colton, Everyone Loses: The Ukraine Crisis and the Ruinous Contest for Post-Soviet Eurasia (New York: Routledge, 2017), p. 89 («direct threat»).

Jonathan Stern, «The Russian-Ukrainian Gas Crisis of January 2006,» Oxford Institute for Energy Studies , January 16, 2006 («one-third»); «Beginning of Meeting on Economic Issues,» Kremlin, December 8, 2005; http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/transcripts/23321; Thane Gustafson and Matthew Sagers, «Gas Transit Through Ukraine: The Struggle for Ukraine’s Crown Jewels,» CERA, 2003.

Condoleezza Rice, Remarks at the State Department Correspondents Breakfast, January 5, 2006; Jonathan Stern, «The Russian-Ukrainian Gas Crisis.»

Simon Blakey and Thane Gustafson, «Russian-Ukrainian Gas: Why It’s Different This Time,» CERA, 2009 (Putin).

Thane Gustafson and Simon Blakey, «It’s Not Over Till It’s Over: The Russian-Ukrainian Gas Crisis in Perspective,» CERA, 2009.

«Official Launch of Construction of Nord Stream,» press release, April 9, 2010 («long-term goals»); Thane Gustafson, The Bridge: Natural Gas in a Redivided Europe (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2020), p. 372 («priority»); Gerrit Wiesmann, «Russia-EU Gas Pipeline,» Financial Times , November 8, 2011 («temptation» and «exclusive»); Isabel Gorst and Neil Buckley, «Russia Opens $10bn Nord Stream,» Financial Times , September 6, 2011 («civilized»).

European Commission, «Third Energy Package,» https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/markets-and-consumers/market-legislation/third-energy-package.

German Federal Court of Auditors, «2016 Report – Implementation of Energy Transition,» December 21, 2016, www.bundesrechnungshof.de/en/veroeffentichungen/products/beratungsberichte/sammlung/2016-report-implementation-of-energy-transition.

Angela Stent, From Embargo to Ostpolitik: The Political Economy of West German-Soviet Relations, 1955-1980 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981), p. 69 («drown us»); Edwin L. Dale, «Soviet Oil Feeds Dispute in the West,» New York Times , June 5, 1961; Raymond P. Brandt, «Oil a New Soviet Weapon in Economic and Political Offensive Against West,» St. Louis Post-Dispatch , June 4, 1961.

Charles Moore, Margaret Thatcher: The Authorized Biography , vol. 1, From Grantham to the Falklands (New York: Knopf, 2013), pp. 578-79 (Reagan).

Moore, Margaret Thatcher , p. 584; Gustafson, The Bridge , p. 160; George Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph: Diplomacy, Power, and the Victory of the American Ideal (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1993), p. 140. («wasting asset»), p. 89.

Edward J. Epstein, How America Lost Its Secrets (New York: Vintage, 2017), pp. 143-44 (Putin); Angela Stent, The Limits of Partnership: US-Russian Relations in the Twenty-First Century (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2014) p. 270.

Stent, The Limits of Partnership , pp. 219, 270 («slouch»), 293 («regional power»).