Дэниел Ергин - Новая карта мира. Энергетические ресурсы, меняющийся климат и столкновение наций
- Название:Новая карта мира. Энергетические ресурсы, меняющийся климат и столкновение наций
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- Издательство:Интеллектуальная Литература
- Год:2021
- Город:Москва
- ISBN:9785907394469
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Дэниел Ергин - Новая карта мира. Энергетические ресурсы, меняющийся климат и столкновение наций краткое содержание
Автор показывает и подробно объясняет, как рождается новое будущее нашей планеты, и описывает те неизбежные проблемы, с которыми нам придется столкнуться в ближайшее время.
В центре его внимания – неожиданно начавшаяся сланцевая революция, которая меняет место Америки в мире, и роль энергетики в новой «холодной войне» между США с одной стороны и Россией и Китаем – с другой.
Эта трансформация глобальных энергетических рынков и мирового геополитического баланса ведет нас к «энергетическому повороту»: переходу от мира сегодняшнего – где основными являются ископаемые источники энергии – к миру, который все чаще использует возобновляемые энергоносители.
Новая карта мира. Энергетические ресурсы, меняющийся климат и столкновение наций - читать онлайн бесплатно ознакомительный отрывок
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171
Arthur Donovan and Joseph Bonney, The Box That Changed the World: Fifty Years of Container Shipping (East Windsor: Commonwealth Business Media, 2006), p. 46 (most consequential); Marc Levinson, The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006), p. 15 («no engine»); Peter Drucker, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, www.academia.edu/38623791/Innovation_and_entrepreneurship_-_Peter_F_Drucker, p. 31.
172
Journal of Commerce, June 3, 2001; Donovan and Bonney, The Box, pp. 51-52 («We are convinced»), p. 97 (thievery); Levinson, The Box, p. 165.
173
IHS Markit PIERS and IHS World Trade Service (container ports); Journal of Commerce, June 3, 2001; Donovan and Bonney, The Box, p. 177.
174
Sarah Raine and Christian Le Mière, Regional Disorder: The South China Sea Dispute (New York: Routledge, 2013), p. 167 («power politics»).
175
Interview with Bilahari Kausikan.
176
Xi Jinping, «China-US Ties,» China Daily, September 24, 2015. Xi Jinping, The Governance of China (Beijing: Foreign Language Press, 2014), pp. 479-80.
177
Xi Jinping, «Achieving Rejuvenation Is the Dream of the Chinese People,» Governance of China, pp. 37-39; «Xi Pledges Great Renewal of Chinese Nation,» People’s Daily, November 30, 2012; Edward Wong, «Signals of a More Open Economy in China,» New York Times, December 9, 2012.
178
Elizabeth C. Economy, The Third Revolution: Xi Jinping and the New Chinese State (New York: Oxford University Press, 2018); Xi Jinping, Speech, at the National People’s Congress, China Daily, March 22, 2018; «Xi Jinping Promises More Assertive Chinese Foreign Policy,» Financial Times, March 20, 2018 («east wind»).
179
«‘Leave Immediately’: US Navy Plane Warned over South China Sea,» CNN, August 24, 2018, www.stltoday.com/news/world/leave-immediately-us-navy-plane-warned-over-south-china-sea/article_fcb06c65-9775-5f07-b3d9-bfa4cea0a28d.
180
Michael R. Pompeo, «America’s Indo-Pacific Economic Vision,» Remarks at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Washington, D.C., July 30, 2018; Joe Gould, «U.S. Senate Panel Sets Sights,» Defense News, June 6, 2018.
181
Десять стран – членов АСЕАН: Бруней, Камбоджа, Индонезия, Лаос, Малайзия, Мьянма, Филиппины, Сингапур, Таиланд и Вьетнам.
182
Interview with Tommy Koh.
183
Interview with Chan Heng Chee.
184
Interview; Adam P. Liff and G. John Ickenberry, «Racing Toward Tragedy?: China’s Rise, Military Competition in the Asia Pacific, and the Security Dilemma,» International Security 39, no. 2 (Fall 2014), p. 78.
185
Liff and Ickenberry, «Racing Toward Tragedy?» p. 72 (Rudd); interview with Peter Ho («distracted»); Council on Foreign Relations, «Conflict in the South China Sea: Contingency Planning Memorandum Update»; Interview (hostage).
186
Defusing the South China Sea Disputes: A Regional Blueprint (Washington, D.C.: CSIS, 2018); Raine and Le Mière, Regional Disorder, pp. 179-214; Bonnie Glaser, «A Step Forward in U.S. – China Military Ties: Two CBM Agreements,» Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative, November 11, 2014.
187
Interview with Yoriko Kawaguchi; Yoji Koda, «Japan’s Perspectives on U.S. Policy Toward the South China Sea,» in Perspectives on the South China Sea, ed. Murray Hiebert, Phuong Nguyen, and Gregory Poling (Washington, D.C.: CSIS, 2014), pp. 85-87; Ian Storey and Lin Cheng-yi, The South China Sea Dispute: Navigating Diplomatic and Strategic Tensions (Singapore: ISEAS, 2016), p. 5 (Abe).
188
Jacqueline Varas, «Trade Policy Under President Trump,» American Action Forum, Insight, December 13, 2016; Thomas Franck, «Trump Doubles Down: ‘Trade Wars Are Good, and Easy to Win,’» CNBC, March 2, 2018.
189
Kurt M. Campbell and Jake Sulivan, «Competition without Catastrophe: How America Can Both Challenge and Coexist with China,» Foreign Affairs, September/October 2019; Michael D. Swaine, «Chinese Views on the U.S. National Security and National Defense Strategies,» Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, May 1, 2018 («unprecedented»); «China in U.S. National Security Strategy Reports, 1987-2017,» USC U.S. – China Institute, December 18, 2017, https://china.usc.edu/china-us-national-security-strategy-reports-1987-2017(previous presidents); Susan Thornton, «Is American Diplomacy with China Dead?» Foreign Service Journal, July-August 2019; David Shambaugh, «U.S. – China Rivalry in Southeast Asia,» International Security, Spring 2018, p. 88.
190
National Security Strategy of the United States, December 2017.
191
Summary of the 2018 National Defense Strategy of the United States of America.
192
«Remarks by Secretary Esper in a Joint Press Conference with Senior Afghan Officials and Resolute Support Mission Commander,» https://www.defense.gov/Newsroom/Transcripts/Transcript/Article/1994448/remarks-by-secretary-esper-in-a-joint-press-conference-with-senior-afghan-offic/; Discussion («asleep»).
193
«Vice President Pence on the Administration’s Policy Toward China,» Hudson Institute, Washington, D.C., October 4, 2018.
194
Офицерское звание в армиях КНР, КНДР и Вьетнама. Стоит выше полковника, но ниже генерал-майора. – Прим. пер.
195
State Council, People’s Republic of China, «China’s National Defense in the New Era,» July 2019, english.www.gov.cn/archive/whitepaper/201907/24/content_WS5d3941ddc6d08408f502283d.html; «China Warns of War in Case of Move Towards Taiwan Independence,» CNBC, July 23, 2019 (Wu Qian).
196
Anthony H. Cordesman, «China’s New 2019 Defense White Paper,» CSIS, July 24, 2019; interview. interview; National Security Council, «White House Strategic Approach to the People’s Republic,» May 26, 2020.
197
Elsa B. Kania, «Made in China 2025, Explained,» The Diplomat, February 1, 2019; Pence, «Administration’s Policy Toward China».
198
«Huawei Is at the Centre of Political Controversy,» The Economist, April 27, 2019; Robert Zoellick, «Can America and China Be Stakeholders?» December 4, 2019 (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace); also, Robert Zoellick, «The China Challenge,» The National Interest, February 2020.
199
Xi Jinping, «Work Together to Build the Silk Road Economic Belt,» in Xi Jinping, The Governance of China (Beijing: Foreign Language Press, 2014), pp. 315-19.
200
Craig Benjamin, Empires of Ancient Eurasia: The First Silk Roads Era, 100 BCE– 250 CE (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018), p. 144; Valerie Hansen, The Silk Road: A New History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), pp. 5-8, plate 2 (von Richthofen and his map).
201
Hansen, The Silk Road, pp. 14-16 (wrapping).
202
Xi Jinping, Speech to Indonesian Parliament, Jakarta, October 2, 2013.
203
Nadège Rolland, «China’s Eurasian Century,» National Bureau of Asian Research, May 23, 2017, p. 51.
204
Запрещенная в России организация. – Прим. ред.
205
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, «Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying’s Remarks on the U.S. House of Representatives Passing the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2019,» December 4, 2019; Jonathan D. Pollack and Jeffrey A. Bader, Looking Before We Leap: Weighing the Risks of US-China Disengagement, Brookings Foreign Policy Brief, July 2019; Lindsay Maizland; Lucy Hornsby, «Chinese Official Defends Mass Incarceration of Uighurs,» Financial Times, March 12, 2019; Steven Lee Myers, «China Defends Crackdown on Muslims, and Criticizes Times Article,» November 18, 2019 («fakery»); Sheena Chestnut Greitens, Myunhee Lee, and Emir Yazici, «Counterterrorism and Preventative Repression: China’s Changing Strategy on Xinjiang,» International Security, Winter 2019/2020, pp. 9-47.
206
Evan Osnos, «Making China Great Again,» New Yorker, January 8, 2018 (Marshall Plan).
207
Interview with Bilahari Kausikan; Kurt Campbell, The Pivot: The Future of American Statecraft in Asia (New York: Twelve, 2016), chapter 1.
208
Rolland, «China’s Eurasian Century,» p. 96 («strategic hinterland»), p. 46 («western values»); interview.
209
Erich Schwartzel, «China’s Hollywood Challenge,» Wall Street Journal, December 28, 2017; Rolland, «China’s Eurasian Century,» p. 191; Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, www.aiib.org/en/index.html.
210
Interview; «Panama President Cheers China’s ‘Belt and Road’ Initiative,» AP News, April 2, 2019; IHS Markit, «Which Countries Are in China’s Belt and Road Initiative?» May 2019.
211
Rolland, «China’s Eurasian Century,» pp. 84, 82, 87; Stefan Reidy, «The New Silk Road: What Should Shippers of Goods Expect from the New Era of TransEurasian Freight Forwarding,» Arviem, October 3, 2017.
212
Interview («financially sound»).
213
«China’s Super Link to Gwadar Port,» South China Morning Post, https://multimedia.scmp.com/news/china/article/One-Belt-One-Road/pakistan.html.
214
Jeremy Page and Saeed Shah, «China’s Global Building Spree,» Wall Street Journal, July 22, 2018; Saeed Shah and Bill Spindle, «U.S. Seeks to Avoid a Pakistan Bailout,» Wall Street Journal, July 31, 2018 («bail out»); International Monetary Fund, «IMF Executive Board Approves US$6 Billion 39-Month EFF Arrangement for Pakistan,» July 3, 2019.
215
Christine Lagarde, «Belt and Road Initiative: Strategies to Deliver in the Next Phase,» IMF-PBC Conference, Beijing, April 17, 2018; Maria Abi-Habib, «How China Got Sri Lanka to Cough Up a Port,» New York Times, June 25, 2018; Matt Ferchen and Anarkale Perera, «Why Unsustainable Chinese Deals Are a Two-Way Street,» Carnegie-Tsinghua Center for Global Policy, July 23, 2019.
216
Amanda Erickson, «Malaysia Cancels Two Big Chinese Projects,» Washington Post, August 21, 2018; Lucy Horby, «Mahathir Mohamad Warns Against ‘New Colonialism’,» Financial Times, August 20, 2018.
217
Ministry of Finance, People’s Republic of China, «Debt Sustainability Framework for Participating Countries of the Belt and Road Initiative,» April 25, 2019; IHS Markit, «Changing Role of Chinese Lending,» August 2019; Gordon, Tong, and Anderson, «Realistic Assessment of China’s Belt and Road,» pp. 11-15.
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