Ричард Грант - Английский язык. Теория и практика. Артикль

а) если упоминаемый предмет является единственным в мире:

The sky is blue.

б) если этот предмет является определенным по ситуации:

Put the pen on the shelf.

Упражнение 6

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. We have … large … family. 2. What’s … weather like today? – … weather is fine. 3. This is … good … book. Take … book from … table. Put this … book in … bookcase. 4. My granny of-ten tells us … long … interesting … stories. 5. … sun is yellow. 6. … weather is fine today. … sky is blue. … sun is shining brightly in … blue … sky. 7. My … father is … engineer. He works in … factory. … factory is large. 8. … sky is grey today. 9. This is … boy. … boy is at … school. He is … pupil. This … boy is my … brother’s … friend. He has … cat, but he has no … dog. He likes his … cat. He gives … cat … milk every day. 10. My … mother is … doctor. She works at … large … hospital. She is at … work now. 11. … Earth is … planet. 12. Yesterday I received … letter from my … friend. … letter was important.

Упражнение 7

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. My … aunt is … teacher. She works at … school. … school is good. My … aunt is not at … school now. She is at … home. She is drinking … tea and eating … jam. … jam is sweet. I am at … home, too. I am drinking … tea and eating … sandwich. … sandwich is tasty. 2. We had … English lesson yesterday. … teacher asked me many … questions. … questions were difficult. 3. We live in … big house. I like … house very much. 4. My sister is at … school. She is … pupil. 5. Where is your … brother? – He is at … home. He is in his … room. He is sitting at … table. He is doing his … homework. … homework is difficult. 6. Are you … worker? – No, I am … student. 7. My cousin has … big … black … cat. My cousin’s … cat has two … kittens. … cat likes … milk. … kittens like … milk, too. 8. Our … cat is sitting on … sofa. 9. I like your … beautiful … flower. Give me … flower, please. 10. I am … engineer. 11. It is very dark in … room. Turn on … light, please. 12. My … mother is at … home. She is reading … marvellous … story.

Упражнение 8

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. My … son is … pupil. 2. Nick went into … bathroom, turned on … water and washed his … hands. 3. My … father is not at … home. He is at … work. He is not … lawyer. He is … doctor. He is … good … doctor. He works at … hospital. … hospital is large. 4. He is … good … pupil. 5. Ann turned on … television to watch … evening news. 6. That is… book. … book is thick. That … book isn’t thin. This is … interesting thick book. 7. This is … house. 8. She doesn’t often watch … TV. 9. Those are … books. … books are new and old. Those are … new and old books. Those … books are interesting. 10. This is my … laptop. 11. You can’t see … moon in … sky tonight. 12. You have some … pencils, but I have no … pencil. Give me … pencil, please. 13. It’s … small … animal that has … long … ears, … short … tail, and … soft … hair.

Запомните:

Если предложение начинается с вопросительного слова Where, то перед подлежащим следует определенный артикль.

Where is the … ?

Если предложение начинается с оборота There is, то перед подлежащим следует неопределенный артикль.

There is a … .

Упражнение 9

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. There is … big tree in … garden. 2.There is … wonderful small computer in … front of … books there. 3. I see … bottle of … pineapple … juice on … kitchen table. 4. There is … bank near here. – Where is … bank? 5. Where is … soup? – … soup is in … big saucepan on … gas cooker. 6. Her … son has … great … sense of … humor. 7. There is … new supermarket in … centre of our … town. 8. Where are … cutlets? – … cutlets are in … refrigerator on … little plate. 9. There was … disco at … club last Sunday but he didn’t go. 10. There is … hotel over there. … hotel isn’t cheap. 11. There is no … bread on … table. Where is … bread? 12. Is there … bus stop near … building? 13. Where is … cat? – … cat is on … sofa.

Упражнение 10

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. There is … little brown coffee table in our … room in … front of … sofa. 2. We have … big dog. … dog is very clever. 3. Where is … book? – … book is on … shelf. 4. Where is … table in your … room? 5. My friend has … very good computer. 6. Where are … flowers? – … flowers are in … beautiful vase. 7. There is … thick carpet on … floor in my mother’s … room. 8. This … boy is big. He is … student. 9. Where is … vase? – … vase is on … little table near … window. 10. Is your brother at … home? – No, he is at … work. He works in … big factory. He is … engineer. 11. There is … large piano in … hall. 12. Open … window, please. … weather is fine today. I can see … sun in … sky. I can see … nice little bird. … bird is sitting in … big tree. … tree is green. 13. My sister has many … books. … books are in … big bookcase. She has really … good … taste in … books.

Упражнение 11

Вставьте артикль , где необходимо .

1. This is … tree and that is not … tree. It’s … bush. 2. There is … little white cloud in … sky. 3. … weather is fine today. Let’s go and play in … yard. There are many … children in … yard. They are playing with … ball. 4. I am … boy. I am … pupil. I study at … school. 5. What … beautiful … day! 6. My sister is at … work. She is … secretary. She works for … new company. 7. We have … large room. There is … big sofa in … room and … little lamp on … wall over … sofa. I like to sit on … sofa and read … good book. 8. This is … very difficult question. I don’t know … answer to it. 9. This is … computer. … computer isn’t old. This … computer is new. This is … good new computer. 10. Do you see … little girl with … big ball in her … hands? She is … pupil of our … school. 11. These are … computers. … computers are new. These aren’t … old computers. These are … new computers. These … computers are good. 12. There was … beautiful flower in this … vase yesterday. Where is … flower now? 13. Last year we were in Geneva. It is … exciting city to visit, but … very expensive place to live.

Запомните:

Фразы в середине, в углу употребляются с предлогом in и определенным артиклем.

in the middle, in the corner

Фразы справа, слева употребляется с предлогом to и определенным артиклем.

to the right, to the left

Если после конструкции there is (there are) стоит неисчисляемое существительное или существительное во множественном числе, то вместо опущенного неопределенного артикля часто (не обязательно) употребляется слово some.

Упражнение 12

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

My aunt’s flat is in … new house. There is … living room, … bedroom, … study, … bathroom and … kitchen in … flat. … bedroom is … large room with … two windows. … room is light as … windows are large. There are … white curtains on … windows. There are … two beds with … large pillows on them. There are … small tables near … beds. There are … lamps on them. To … left of … door there is … dressing table with … mirror on it. There is … low chair at … dressing table. There are … several pictures on … pale green walls. There is … thick carpet on … floor. … carpet is dark green. … room is very cosy.

Упражнение 13

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. There is … jar of … delicious orange marmalade in … middle of … shelf. 2. There is … park behind … hospital. There are … beautiful … trees in … park. 3. Where is … bus station? – … bus station is next to … gas station. 4. There is … big … box of … cereal to … right of you. 5. There is … good … film on TV this … evening. I am going to watch it. 6. There are two … pets in … house: … cat and … dog. 7. There is … bunch of … bananas on … table. Don’t keep them in … fridge. 8. There is … library between … school and … bank. There are … English and German books in this … library. 9. There is … TV antenna on … roof. 10. There is … loaf of … white … bread on … upper … shelf of … fridge. If you want your … bread to be fresh, keep it in … fridge. 11. There is … sofa in … corner of … room. 12. There is … mailbox between … building and … bus stop. 13. Is there … bag of … flour in … cupboard?

Упражнение 14

Вставьте артикль , где необходимо .

1. There are … cushions on … sofa. 2. There is … big … dog in … front of … fireplace. 3. There was … bottle of … drinking water in … corner of … kitchen. 4. There are … books on … shelf. Give me … book, please. 5. Do you speak English at … work? 6. There is … thick red … carpet in my … room. … carpet is on … floor in … front of … sofa. 7. What can you see in … fridge? – There is … sausage on … top shelf, but there is no … cheese there. There is … butter in … butter dish. There are … tomatoes and … carrots on … bottom shelf. There are … eggs and … apples on … next shelf. There is … orange, … lemon, and … jam in … little jar there. 8. She had … bad … day today. 9. Where is … table in your brother’s … room? – His … table is near … window. 10. There is … juice in this … carton. May I drink … juice? 11. I have … colour TV set. … TV set is on … little table in … corner of … room. 12. I can see … fine … vase on … shelf. There are … lovely … flowers in … vase. 13. There are … girls in … yard, but I can see no … boys. Where are … boys? – Oh, all … boys are playing football at … stadium.

Упражнение 15

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. There is … book, … pen, and … paper on my … writing desk. 2. They have no … piano in their … living room. 3. There is … peculiar charm in her … voice. 4. My … brother is … teacher. He works at … school. He has … very good books. His … books are in … big bookcase. 5. My … uncle is … married. He has … beautiful wife. They have … son, but they have no … daughter. 6. There is … money in … purse. 7. There is … tea in my … glass. There is no … tea in my … friend’s … glass. His … glass is empty. 8. I can see … nice … coffee table in … middle of … room to … right of … door. It is … black and … red. I like … coffee table. 9. Where is … coffee table in your … room? – … coffee table is in … front of … sofa. There is … cup on … coffee table and … box of … chocolates. There is … coffee in … cup. 10. Our … TV set is on … little … table in … corner of … room. 11. There are … photographs and newspapers on … sofa. 12. There is … beautiful picture in my father’s … study. … picture is on … wall to … left of … window. 13. There is … guitar on … chair near … piano. 14. What … picture! 15. There was … piano in … corner of … living room. He sat at … piano for … hours, playing … favourite pieces from … classical music. He was … wonderful piano player.