Интернаука - Интернаука №16 (часть3) 2020

cars. One of the main aspects of this problem is opera-eq with pluatatsii strongholds in the city of Tashkent" .

tional reliability, that is, reliability implemented under

[4]

certain operating conditions [1].

The annual and final reports, discussed at the au-

Reliability of cars is characterized by their reliabil-

tomakers reflected indicators buses reliability proper-

ity, durability, maintainability and maintainability in the

ties , operating in hot climates , identified assemblies regulated conditions of operation, maintenance, repair

and components, critical in terms of reliability, pro-and overhaul, storage and transportation.

posed tie-improving design and technology manufac-

The operating conditions under which cars are used

tures and buses.

affect the operating modes of units and parts, accelerat-

Features of the nature of Uzbekistan are determined

ing or slowing down changes in the parameters of their

by its position in the center of the continent, away from

technical condition. Under different operating condi-

the oceans. The republic coexist snow-covered moun-

tions, the realized values of the reliability indicators of tain peaks and stagnant boilers and us lying below the automobiles will vary, which will affect the perfor-level of the oceans, bare sand, an endless maze of ramance indicators of technical operation.

vines and foothills Ustyurt plateau, wide armholes pow-

The issues of technical maintenance, including their

erful rivers and rock outcroppings, desert dunes and

reliability, in the conditions of highlands and hot cli-oases, drowning in the greenery of cultivated plants.

mates are devoted to the research work of a number of Uzbekistan has a hot, sharply continental and very

authors of the Republic of Uzbekistan, near and far

arid climate. Together with other republics of Central abroad .

Asia, Uzbekistan occupies the most southern position,

With the organization in 1972 of the Tash-

therefore, the flux of radiant energy of the sun is very kent Automobile and Road Institute, the only one in

significant here.

the Central Asian region, research on the operation of

Studying the characteristics of the natural, climatic

automobiles began to develop more efficiently .

and road conditions of the highlands and hot cli-

mates shows that they are extremely difficult for cars

33

Журнал «Интернаука»

№ 16 (145), часть 3, 2020 г.

and therefore require serious study and consideration

Details critical to reliability in terms of reliabil-

when deciding on the reliability of cars .

ity were:

The studies I , conducted in the highlands town of

a) Ford-Cargo 1827 trucks:

Angren have confirmed the degree of impact of the ac-

 sleeves - 14, 7%;

tual conditions on the operational reliability of vehi-

 set of rings - 14, 7%;

cles for the carriage of petroleum products between the

 gaskets for the head of the block - 14, 7%;

terminals of the Angren-Pap, length of 145 km, includ-

 gaskets for block head covers - 14, 7%;

ing 76 km of mountain road through the pass Kamchik

b) MAZ 642208-020 trucks

height above the level of the Baltic Sea in 2203 meters [

 sleeves - 1 1 , 3%;

5].

 root insert - 1 0 , 5%;

The climatic conditions of Angren Pap are charac-

 connecting rod bearing - 1 0 , 5%;

terized by:

 gaskets for the covers of the block head -

m Temperature of air :



1 0 , 5%;

absolute minimum - 20.8 0 C ... -25.4 0 C;





exhaust manifold gaskets - 1 0 , 5%.

absolute maximum +33.1 0 С ... + 42.6 0 С;

The results of studies of operational reliability of

The reliability of road trains for specific operating cars in hot climates are included in the report of the conditions will largely depend on the accepted mainte-State Scientific-Technical Programs of Uzbekistan. [11,

nance and repair modes at motor and car service enter-

12].

prises.

The bus fleet №5 p azrabotan rational prevention

The system of technical service (TS) is adjusted to

mode brake authors of VAN LAZ-695 H [1 3], in

suit specific operating conditions.

the bus fleet №3 investigated operational reliability bus-

Essentially e t resource and operational correct-

es PAZ family in usl about ditions hot climate [1 4 ]

ing e .

The above nomenclature of critical reliability parts

The essence of resource adjustment lies in the fact

is of great interest both to the manufacturer when devel-

that the standards for technical maintenance of vehi-

oping measures to increase the reliability of its products,

cles (TMV) are changed relative to the reference using and to the AE, when improving the modes of mainte-correction factors for these conditions.

nance and repair of automobiles. Knowledge of this

When resource correction of the frequency of

nomenclature is also necessary when developing and

maintenance was based on the standards given in the

clarifying the norms for consuming spare parts, com-

"Regulations on maintenance and R of rolling stock"

pleting the working capital of assemblies and parts, or-

[ 6 ],

ganizing the restoration of parts, creating intermediate With operational adjustment, a joint analysis of

warehouses in motor transport enterprises, etc.

the TS-1, TS-2 operations and seasonal mainte-

In mountain conditions, maintenance modes were

nance actually performed at the automobile enterprises

investigated trukcs, «MAN TG A 26400, 19400," main-

(AE) is performed, taking into account the operation

tained in the conditions and s Angren logistics center manual of similar road trains , as well as their labor in-

"[7, 8 ], and the new foreign semi-trailers WIELTON

tensity, design features of road trains, timing data and NS-3 and MERKER M62 in Angren AE for the carriage

expert evaluation of specialists.

of petroleum products through Kamchik pass [ 9.10 ] .

By the operational correction for the MAZ - 642208

Over the years, bus fleets operated buses LAZ,

- 020, Ford-Cargo - 1827 truck tractors, the TS-1 fre-PAZ, LIAZ, as well as the "Ikarus" produc-

quency was determined to be 3,500 km, TS-2 -14,000

tion Hungarian uu in the hot climate of Uzbekistan .

km.

Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan

According to the results of the controlled operating

b ylo accepted solved s purchase modern foreign coach-

parameters are defined reliability are motor MAZ -

es large class of Mercedes-Benz to serve a large popula-

642208 - 020, Ford-Cargo - 1827 (Table. 1 . And 2 ).

tion of the city of Tashkent. Mercedes-Benz buses have

For details and sites, critical for the reliability of been operating in the city of Tashkent since 1995, their

the car or the unit include parts and components that number in a year and the composition of l and 1000

have at least 50% of the failures of the total number of

units.

failures and not less than 70% of value cost of the total

Buses operated by 10 bus depots are daily mainte-

amount of costs that go to address these failures, ie for nance ie at bus depots and maintenance at the subsidiar-spare parts and parts replacement work.

ies' service centers, buses Mercedes-Benz " (in Unitary Enterprise" Toshavtotamirhizmat ").

34

Журнал «Интернаука»

№ 16 (145), часть 3, 2020 г.

Table 1.

Distribution of failures of Ford-Cargo 1827 and MAZ 642208-020 truck tractors by systems and groups on a run of 0 ÷ 150 thousand km

Ford-Cargo 1827

MAZ-642208-020

s

s

s

s

s

s

re

re

r

re

re

r

ilu

ht%

ilu

o

ht%

o

ct

ilu

ilu

ct

№ Name of systems and

f fa

f specie

f fa

f fa

f specie

f fa

groups

tra

tra

o

weig

o

o

o

weig

o

o

er

ic

er

ne

ic

er

ne

if

er

er

if

er

ec

n o

n o

o

ec

o

Numb

Sp

Numb

Numb

Numb

Sp

Numb

Numb

1

ICE

75

6.7

1 0

3

142

8.6

1 6

5.7

2

Supply system

40

3,7

10

1,6

25

1,6

10

1

3

Cooling system

103

9.6

9

4.12

38

2,4

9

1,5

Engine lubrication

4

2

0.2

2

0.08

22

1.4

7

0.88

system

5

Gearbox

2

0.2

1

0.08

125

7.6

22

5

6

Clutch

17

1.7

5

0.68

4 0

2,5

7

1,6

7

Brake system

26

2,4

9

1,04

128

7.8

15

5.1

8

Steering gear

5

0.5

2

0.2

14

0.9

6

0.56

9

Front axle

5

0.5

3

0.2

29

1.8

8

1,2

10 Middle bridge

-

-

-

-

41

1,6

11

1,6

11 Rear axle

13

1.3

7

0.52

2

0.1

2

0.08

12 Cardan

-

-

-

-

6

0.4

2

0.24

13 Electrical equipment

15

1,5

9

0.6

90

5.5

14

3.6

14 Frame

2

0.2

2

0.08

5

0.3

4

0.28

15 Wheels

751

70

2

30.04

921

55.5

2

36.84

16 Cabin

6

0.6

5

0.24

9

0.5

6

0.36

17 Pendants

10

0.9

6

0.4

24

1,5

7

0.9

Total

1072

100

82

42.88

1661

100

148

66, 44

Failure

distribution

was determined for Ford-

C argo 1827 and MAZ 642208-020 auto-tractor units .

Table 2.

Distribution of failures of the engine of autotractors Ford- Cargo 1827 and MAZ 642208-020 for parts and assemblies on a run of 0 ÷ 150 thousand km Ford Cargo 1827