Интернаука - Интернаука №16 (часть3) 2020

“How to teach?” find answers to these questions, pay Introducing

fundamental

changes

using

the

attention to the requirements of the educational process.

achievements of modern world science.

To expand the effectiveness of the educational pro-

For the processes of radical reform in various edu-

cess, a central place in personal education and providing

cational institutions, it is necessary to ensure the use of

students with knowledge is necessary for a teacher with

excellent training who is constantly working on himself,

30

Журнал «Интернаука»

№ 16 (145), часть 3, 2020 г.

consolidating the experience gained, using modern ped-

1. Initially, classes should be simple and gradually

agogical technologies and interactive methods in prac-

become more complex.

tice. In order for the teacher to use the learning time as

2. At first, do not expect flawless execution. Pro-

efficiently as possible, he needs to arm himself with all

vide students with several opportunities to practice role-

the achievements of modern pedagogical technologies,

playing and model historical and contemporary situa-

interactive methods, and knowledge. The teacher must

tions. Try to constantly change the type of activity.

know the psychology of students and master the practice

3. There are four main components to conducting

of communication, know the various methods of peda-

such lessons:

gogical technologies and be able to use them in practice.

a) Preliminary planning and preparation for the les-

In determining the status of pedagogical technolo-

son of the teacher;

gy, it is useful to correlate it with the scientific concept b) Training and education of students;

that underlies it, indicate the nomenclature of the goals c) Active participation of the class in the lesson;

achieved with its help, and determine all essential fea-d) Detailed discussion and pondering of the lesson

tures. Signs of educational technology are:

(lesson examples).

 goals (in the name of which it is necessary for Educational and pedagogical games, in turn, are

the teacher to apply it);

divided into several types:

 the availability of diagnostic tools, patterns of

1. Games using a fairy tale plot. A distinctive fea-

structuring the interaction of teachers and students, al-ture of such lessons is the imaginary attraction of fabu-

lowing to design (program) the pedagogical process;

lous magic characters to educational activities.

 a system of means and conditions guaranteeing

All events are depicted sequentially, with all the

the achievement of pedagogical goals;

fabulous elements.

 tools for analyzing the process and results of

These are such lessons:

teacher and student activities. In this regard, the integral

 a lesson tale;

properties of pedagogical technology are its integrity,

 travel lesson;

optimality, effectiveness, applicability in the real condi-

 "Visiting a fairy tale";

tions of the educational process.

 "Mysterious Island".

Consider an example: Theme. Active learning

2. Educational fantasy games. In these lessons,

methods. Business games.

with the help of imagination, a high emotional uplift and

The purpose of the lesson: Methodological and or-

mental tension are created, with the help of the game the

ganizational forms of independent work of students in most difficult concepts are remembered.

the academic lyceum;

Most often, these are generalized lessons:

Keywords: technology of alternative education, sit-

 fantasy lesson;

uation modeling.

 a lesson in creative thought;

Methodology of role-playing games (steps).

 cartoon lesson;

1. The choice of a game situation. There are many

 drawn film lesson;

situations that can serve as material for role-playing

 lesson "In the world of animals";

games. During the game, students develop the skills of

 lesson “Binom-fantasy”.

interviewing negotiations, research and decision mak-

3. Business games. Business games are built on

ing, the ability to fend for themselves.

playing professional roles. In these games, the condi-2. Preparation and warm-up. Students become fa-

tions of professional activity are psychologically mod-miliar with the problem, and roles are distributed among

eled, reproduced with the necessary modifications (ac-

them. A warm-up is being held.

cording to the level of children, the topic of the lesson).

3. The choice of participants.

Lessons based on the principle of a business game

4. Holding the game. Students themselves choose

allow at least occasionally shifting the needs for crea-the style of their behavior in the framework of the game

tion. Indeed, when in the process of the game the stu-in accordance with how a person who got into this situa-

dents help each other, their actions acquire socially sig-

tion would act in life. Conducting a game is role-

nificant value, they are driven not only by consumer, playing.

but also by productive motivation.

5. Modeling the situation. Participants respond to a

These are the types of lessons:

specific problem in a given situation.

 Business game "Edition";

Purpose: role-playing and modeling of situations -

 Offsetting lessons;

these two approaches are qualitatively different, they

 Lesson dialogue;

complement each other and have common goals:



 Literary portrait;

The strongest development of imagination and



rhythmic thinking skills;

"Investigators are experts";



Lesson-meeting of the "expert group";

encouraging expression, attitude and apprecia-

Lesson comparison;

tion;



 Lesson panorama;

education of the ability to develop and think



through;

Oral journal;





alternative modes of action;

"Live newspaper";



Lesson study;

development of empathy.

Lesson-holiday;

Teaching tips for the teacher:

Lesson excursion;

31

Журнал «Интернаука»

№ 16 (145), часть 3, 2020 г.

Cinema Travel

voluntary submission of all participants to certain (spe-

II. Educational and role-playing (business) games.

cial) rules.

In the training and education of the young genera-

Thirdly, the game should be characterized by un-

tion, the central place is occupied by lessons built in the

certainty of the outcome and thus intrigue.

form of a game.

Fourthly, the game should provide higher, in com-

Educational games are a fairly diverse phenome-

parison with the usual forms of the lesson, training, de-

non, but all of these games have many common features

veloping effectiveness.

that have a psychological nature.

The game animates many pedagogical processes, it

Firstly, this is a pronounced motivation for

stimulates students to be creative, comprehend problem

achievement, subordinate to a specific game task: to

situations, makes them think about their behavior, their

carry out a search using creative abilities, imagination.

style of communication. Learning in the form of a game

Secondly, the game should be distinguished by a

involves thinking. Many dormant properties of the psy-

pronounced voluntary nature. Associated with this is the

che: imagination, emotions.

References:

1. J.G’.Yòldoshev, S.Usmonov. Ilg’or pedagogik texnologiyalar. T.: Òqituvchi, 2004.-101 b.

2. Э.С.Назаров, Г.Х.Ризаева, Х.O.Джураев. Вопросы интеграции в среднем профессиональном образовании.

ООО «Издательство Молодой ученый», научный журнал «Молодой ученый», Казань, №8 (67), июнь -

1/2014. c.839-842.

3. Э.С.Назаров, И.Б.Тўраев, Б.Б.Қобилов. Особенности интегрирования информационных технологий в пре-

подавании предмета физики. «Олий ва ўрта махсус, касб-ҳунар таълимида аниқ ва табиий фанларнинг ўза-

ро алоқадорлик ва узвийлиги масалалари» мавзуидаги Республика илмий-назарий анжумани мақолалар

тўплами, (25-26 март), Қарши-2014, 37-39-б.

4. E.S. Nazarov, T.R. Ruziyev. Innovative technologies in academic lyceum education. Proceedings of the Republican Scientific-Practical Conference "Using Innovative Pedagogical Technologies in Academic Lyceums - General Strategy of Modern Education" (May 16-18), Bukhara-2016. Pp. 47-49.

32

Журнал «Интернаука»

№ 16 (145), часть 3, 2020 г.

ENGINEERING

OPERATIONAL RELIABILITY OF VEHICLES OPERATING IN THE HIGH ALTITUDE AND

HOT CLIMATE OF UZBEKISTAN

Maxamadjon Musadjanov

Professor, PHD, Tashkent institute of design, construction and maintenance of automobile roads, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent

Nigmat Muminjonov

Docent, PHD, Tashkent institute of design, construction and maintenance of automobile roads, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent

Xusan Maxkamov

Director of UE “Tashavtotamirxizmat”,

Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent

ABSTRACT

The article highlights the results of studies of the reliability of vehicles in the high mountains and hot climate of Uzbekistan.

Keywords:Reliability, reliability, maintainability, operating conditions, highlands, hot climate.

The reliability of the vehicle is laid in the design, is

In 1977 and 1985 it was held in Tashkent All-

provided during manufacture and is implemented in

Union scientific and technical conference "Improving operation.

the efficiency and to use for car - stably transport in hot

The technical content of reliability consists of the

climates

and

high-ra nd ones" . Union

development of specific requirements and the imple-

and P espub Likanskii conferences are held on a regular

mentation of structurally technological measures in the basis [2,3].

field of production, ensuring an increase in the reliabil-

Bus plants are interested in receiving information

ity of the car, as well as in the field of operation, ensur-

about the first failures aggregates and parts, as well as ing the implementation of reliability at minimum cost.

indicators of the reliability properties of their products.

The tasks of the areas of production and operation

In 1975 -1981 years on the basis of economic con-

in the problem of ensuring reliability are closely interre-

tracts with the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of

lated: they complement each other and serve as a single

bus were conducted "Research operational reliability goal to increase the reliability and efficiency of

LiAZ buses , LAZ, PAZ and Icarus in a controlled