Роберт Сапольски - Биология добра и зла. Как наука объясняет наши поступки

A. Kusserow, “De-homogenizing American Individualism: Socializing Hard and Soft Individualism in Manhattan and Queens,” Ethos 27 (1999): 210.

S. Ullal-Gupta et al., “linkhing Prenatal Experience to the Emerging Musical Mind,” Front Systems Nsci 3 (2013): 48.

A. DeCasper and W. Fifer, “Of Human Bonding: Newborns Prefer Their Mothers’ Voices,” Sci 6 (1980): 208; A. J. DeCasper and P. A. Prescott, “Human Newborns’ Perception of Male Voices: Preference, Discrimination, and Reinforcing Value,” Developmental Psychobiology 17 (1984): 481; B. Mampe et al., “Newborns’ Cry Melody Is Shaped by Their Native Language,” Curr Biol 19 (2009): 1994; A. DeCasper and M. Spence, “Prenatal Maternal Speech Influences Newborns’ Perception of Speech Sounds,” Infant Behav and Development 9 (1986): 133.

J. P. Lecanuet et al., “Fetal Perception and Discrimination of Speech Stimuli: Demonstration by Cardiac Reactivity: Preliminary Results,” Comptes rendus de l’Académie des sciences III 305 (1987): 161; J. P. Lecanuet et al., “Fetal Discrimination of Low-Pitched Musical Notes,” Developmental Psychobiology 36 (2000): 29; C. Granier-Deferre et al., “A Melodic Contour Repeatedly Experienced by Human Near-Term Fetuses Elicits a Profound Cardiac Reaction One Month After Birth,” PLoS ONE 23 (2011): e17304.

G. Kolata, “Studying Learning in the Womb,” Sci 225 (1984): 302; A. J. DeCasper and M. J. Spence, “Prenatal Maternal Speech Influences Newborns’ Perception of Speech Sounds,” Infant Behav and Development 9 (1986): 133.

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K. Wallen and J. M. Hassett, “Sexual Differentiation of Behavior in Monkeys: Role of Prenatal Hormones,” J Neuroendocrinology 21 (2009): 421; J. Thornton et al., “Effects of Prenatal Androgens on Rhesus Monkeys: A Model System to Explore the Organizational Hypothesis in Primates,” Horm Behav 55 (2009): 633.

M. Hines, Brain Gender (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004); G. A. Mathews et al., “Personality and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Possible Effects of Prenatal Androgen Exposure,” Horm Behav 55 (2009): 285; R. W. Dittmann et al., “Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. I: Gender-Related Behavior and Attitudes in Female Patients and Sisters,” PNE 15 (1990): 401; A. Nordenstrom et a l., “Sex-Typed Toy Play Correlates with the Degree of Prenatal Androgen Exposure Assessed by CYP21 Genotype in Girls with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia,” J Clin Endo and Metabolism 87 (2002): 5119; V. L. Pasterski et al., “Increased Aggression and Activity Level in 3- to 11-Year-Old Girls with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia,” Horm Behav 52 (2007): 368.

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J. Hönekopp et al., “2nd to 4th Digit Length Ratio (2D:4D) and Adult Sex Hormone Levels: New Data and a Meta-analytic Review,” PNE 32 (2007): 313.

Данные по мужской агрессии и уверенности в себе: C. Joyce et al., “2nd to 4th Digit Ratio Confirms Aggressive Tendencies in Patients with Boxers Fractures,” Injury 44 (2013): 1636; M. Butovskaya et al., “Digit Ratio (2D:4D), Aggression, and Dominance in the Hadza and the Datoga of Tanzania,” Am J Human Biology 27 (2015): 620;

СДВГ и аутизм: D. McFadden et al., “Physiological Evidence of Hypermasculination in Boys with the Inattentive Subtype of ADHD,” Clinical Neurosci Res 5 (2005): 233; M. Martel et al., “Masculinized Finger-Length Ratios of Boys, but Not Girls, Are Associated with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder,” Behavioral Neuroscience 122 (2008): 273; J. Manning et al., “The 2nd to 4th Digit Ratio and Autism,” Development Medicine Child Neurology 43 (2001): 160.

Депрессия и тревога: A. Bailey et al., “Depression in Men Is Associated with More Feminine Finger Length Ratios,” Pers Individ Diff 39 (2005): 829; M. Evardone et al., “Anxiety, Sex-linkhed Behavior, and Digit Ratios,” Arch Sex Behav . 38 (2009): 442–55.

Доминирование: N. Neave et al., “Second to Fourth Digit Ratio, Testosterone and Perceived Male Dominance,” Proc Royal Society B 270 (2003): 2167.

Почерк: J. Beech et al., “Do Differences in Sex Hormones Affect Handwriting Style? Evidence from Digit Ratio and Sex Role Identity as Determinants of the Sex of Handwriting,” Pers Individ Diff 39 (2005): 459.

Сексуальная ориентация: K. Hirashi et al., “The Second to Fourth Digit Ratio in a Japanese Twin Sample: Heritability, Prenatal Hormone Transfer, and Association with Sexual Orientation,” Arch Sex Behav 41 (2012): 711; A. Churchill et al., “The Effects of Sex, Ethnicity, and Sexual Orientation on Self-Measured Digit Ratio,” Arch Sex Behav 36 (2007): 251.

Данные по женщинам, касающиеся аутизма: J. Manning et al., “The 2nd to 4th Digit Ratio and Autism,” DevMed Child Neurol 43 (2001): 160.

Анорексия: S. Quinton et al., “The 2nd to 4th Digit Ratio and Eating Disorder Diagnosis in Women,” Pers Individ Diff 51 (2011): 402. Доминирование одной из рук: B. Fink et al., “2nd to 4th Digit Ratio and Hand Skill in Austrian Children,” Biol Psychology 67 (2004): 375.

Сексуальная ориентация и сексуальное поведение: T. Grimbos et al., “Sexual Orientation and the 2nd to 4th Finger Length Ratio: A Meta-Analysis in Men and Women,” Behav Neurosci 124 (2010): 278; W. Brown et al., “Differences in Finger Length Ratios Between Self-Identified ‘Butch’ and ‘Femme’ Lesbians,” Arch Sex Behav 31 (2002): 123.

К сноске: A. Lamminmaki et al., “Testosterone Measured in Infancy Predicts Subsequent Sex-Typed Behavior in Boys and in Girls,” Horm Behav 61 (2012): 611; G. Alexander and J. Saenz, “Early Androgens, Activity Levels and Toy Choices of Children in the Second Year of Life,” Horm Behav 62 (2012): 500.

B. Heijmans et al., “Persistent Epigenetic Differences Associated with Prenatal Exposure to Famine in Humans,” PNAS 105 (2008): 17046.

Большой обзор предлагается здесь: D. Moore, The Developing Genome: An Introduction to Behavioral Genetics. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015).

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