А. Роджер Экерч - На исходе дня. История ночи

LC–London Chronicle.

LDA — London Daily Advertiser.

Lean, Collectanea — Vincent Stuckey Lean, Lean's Collectanea…, 4 vols. (Bristol, 1902–1904).

Legg, Low-Life — Thomas Legg, Low-life or One Half of the World, Knows not How the Other Half Live… (London, 1750).

Le Loyer, Specters — Pierre Le Loyer, A Treatise of Specters of Straunge Sights, Visions, and Apparitions… (London, 1605).

LEP — Lloyd's Evening Post (London).

LE-P — London Evening-Post.

Lewis, Diary — Diary of John Lewis, 1718–1760, Bodleian Library, Oxford, MS. Eng. misc. f. 10.

LM — Leeds Mercury.

Lottin, Chavatte — Alain Lottin, Chavatte, Ouvrier Lillois: Un Contemporain de Louis XIV (Paris, 1979).

Lowe, Diary — W. L. Sachse, ed., The Diary of Roger Lowe (New Haven, 1938).

Matthiessen, Natten — Hugo Matthiessen, Natten: Stuier I Gammelt Byliv ([Copenhagen], 1914).

Menetra, Journal — Jacques-Louis Menetra, Journal of My Life, ed. Daniel Roche, trans. Arthur Goldhammer (New York, 1986).

Moryson, Itinerary — Fynes Moryson, An Itinerary Containing His Ten Yeeres Travell…, 4 vols. (Glasgow, 1907).

Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary — Charles Hughes, ed., Shakespeare's Europe: A Survey of the Condition of Europe at the End of the XVIth Century, being Unpublished Chapters of Fynes Moryson's Itinerary (1617)… (New York, 1967).

Muchembled, Violence — Robert Muchembled, La Violence au Village: Sociabilite et Com-portements Populates en Artois du XVe au XVlIe Siecle (Tumhout, France, 1989).

Nashe, Works — Ronald B. McKerrow, ed., The Works of Thomas Nashe, 5 vols. (Oxford, 1958).

NHCR I–Charles J. Hoadley, ed., Records of the Colony and Plantation of New Haven, 1638–1649 (Hartford, Ct., 1857).

NHCR II–Charles J. Hoadley, ed., Records of the Colony or Jurisdiction of New Haven, 1653 to the Union (1663) (Hartford, Ct., 1858).

NHTR — Franklin Bowditch Dexter and Zara Jones Powers, eds., New Haven Town Records, 3 vols. (New Haven, 1917–1962).

NYWJ — New York Weekly Journal.

O'Dea, Lighting — William T. O'Dea, The Social History of Lighting (London, 1958).

OBP — The Proceedings on the King's Commissions of the Peace, Oyer and Terminer, and Gaol Delivery for the City of London; and also Gaol Delivery for the County of Middlesex, Held at Justice-Hall in the Old Bailey.

ODNB — Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004).

OED — Oxford English Dictionary, 1st edn. (Oxford, 1888–1928).

PA — Public Advertiser (London).

Parkman, Diary — Francis G. Walett, ed., The Diary of Ebenezer Parkman 1703–1782 (Worcester, Mass., 1974).

Paroimiographia — Paroimiographia: Proverbs, or, Old Sawes & Adages, in English (or the Saxon toung) Italian, French, and Spanish, whereunto the British, for Their Great Antiquity and Weight are Added… (London, 1659).

Patten, Diary — The Diary of Matthew Patten of Bedford, N. H. (Concord, N. H., 1903).

Pepys, Diary — Samuel Pepys, The Diary of Samuel Pepys, ed. Robert Latham and William Matthews, 11 vols. (Berkeley, Calif., 1970–1983).

PG — Pennsylvania Gazette (Philadelphia).

Pinkerton, Travels — John Pinkerton, ed., A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages and Travels in all Parts of the World…, 17 vols. (London, 1808–1814).

Pitou, "Coureurs de Nuit" — Frederique Pitou, "Jeunesse et Desоrdе Social: Les Coureurs de Nuit a Laval au XVIIIe Siecle," Revue d'Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine 47 (2000), 69–92.

PL — Public Ledger (London).

PL 27 — Palatinate of Lancaster Depositions, Public Record Office, London.

Pounds, Culture — Norman John Greville Pounds, The Culture of the English People: Iron Age to the Industrial Revolution (Cambridge, 1994).

Pounds, Home — Norman John Greville Pounds, Hearth & Home: A History of Material Culture (Bloomington, Ind, 1989).

PP — Past and Present.

RB — William Chappell and J. W. Ebsworth, eds., The Roxburgh Ballads, 9 vols. (1871–1899; rpt. edn., New York, 1966).

Remarks 1717 —Remarks on Severall Parts of Flanders, Brabant, France, and Italy in the Yeare 1717, Bodleian Library, Oxford.

Ripae, Nocturno Tempore— Polydori Ripae, Tractatus de Nocturne Tempore: In quo Absohta Criminalium Praxis, CanonicaeaqlueJ; Materiae, Beneficiorum Praecipue Continentur. Contractus Etiam, Seruitutes, Judicia Civilia, Vltimae Voluntates ad Susceptam Prouinciam Obseruantur (Venice, 1602).

Roche, Consumption — Daniel Roche, A History of Everyday Things: The Birth of Consumption in France, 1600–1800, trans. Brian Pearce (Cambridge, 2000)

Ruff, Violence — Julius R. Ruff, Violence in Early Modern Europe, 1500–1800 (Cambridge, 2001).

Ryder, Diary — William Matthews, ed., The Diary of Dudley Ryder, 1715–1716 (London, 1939).

SAI — William Shaw Mason, comp., A Statistical Account, or Parochial Survey of Ireland, Drawn Up from the Communications of the Clergy, 3 vols. (Dublin, 1814–1819).

Sanderson, Diary — Robert Sanderson Diary, St. John's College, Cambridge.

Sanger, Journal — Lois K. Stabler, ed., Very Poor and of a Lo Make: The journal of Abner Sanger (Portsmouth, N. H., 1986).

SAS — Sir John Sinclair, ed., The Statistical Account of Scotland: Drawn up from the Communications of the Ministers of the Different Parishes, 21 vols. (Edinburgh, 1791–1799).

Schindler, "Youthful Culture" — Norbert Schindler, "Guardians of Disorder: Rituals of Youthful Culture at the Dawn of the Modem Age," in Giovanni Levi and Jean-Claude Schmitt, eds., A History of Young People in the West (Cambridge, Mass., 1997), 240–282.

Schindler, Rebellion — Norbert Schindler, Rebellion, Community and Custom in Early Modern Germany, trams. Pamela E. Selwyn (Cambridge, 2002).

Scott, Witchcraft — Reginald Scott, The Discoverie of Witchcraft (Carbondale, 111., 1964).

Select Trials — Select Trials at the Sessions-House in the Old-Bailey (1742; rpt. edn., New York, 1985).

Sewall, Diary — Milton Halsey Thomas, ed., The Diary of Samuel Sewall, 1674–1729,2 vols. (New York, 1973).

SH — Social History.

SJC — St. James Chronicle (London).

SWA or LJ — Sussex Weekly-Advertiser: or, Lewes Journal.

Swift, Journal — Jonathan Swift, Journal to Stella, ed. Harold Williams (Oxford, 1948).

SWP — Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum, eds., The Salem Witchcraft Papers: Verbatim Transcripts of the Legal Documents of the Salem Witchcraft Outbreak of 1692 ,3 vols. (New York, 1977).

T. Platter, Journal — Sean Jennett, ed. and trans., Journal of a Younger Brother: The Life of Thomas Platter as a Medical Student in Montpellier at the Close of the Sixteenth Century (London, 1963).

Taillepied, Ghosts — Noel Taillepied, A Treatise of Ghosts…, trans. Montague Summers (1933; rpt. edn., Ann Arbor, Mich., 1971).

Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic — Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic: Studies in Popular Beliefs in Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century England (London, 1971).

Thoresby, Diary — Joseph Hunter, ed., The Diary of Ralph Thoresby, 2 vols. (London, 1830).

Tilley, Proverbs in England — Morris Palmer Tilley, ed., A Dictionary of the Proverbs in England in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries… (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1966).

Torriano, Proverbi — Giovanni Torriano, Piazza Universale Di Proverbi Italiani: or, a Common Place of Italian Proverbs (London, 1666).

Torrington, Diaries — John Byng, 5th Viscount Torrington, The Torrington Diaries…, ed. C. Bryan Andrews, 4 vols. (New York, 1935).

Turner, Diary — David Vaisey, ed., The Diary of Thomas Turner 1754–1765 (Oxford, 1985).

UM — Universal Magazine.

US and WJ — Universal Spectator, and Weekly Journal (London).

Verdon, Night — Jean Verdon, Night in the Middle Ages, trans. George Holoch (Notre Dame, Ind., 2002).

VG — Virginia Gazette (Williamsburg).

Watts, Works — George Burder, comp., The Works of the Reverend and Learned Isaac Watts …, 6 vols. (London, 1810).

Weinsberg, Diary — K. Hohlbaum et al., eds., Das Buch Weinsberg Kolner Denkwurdigkeiten aus dem 16. Jdhrhundert, 5 vols. (Leipzig — Bonn, 1886–1926).

Wilson, English Proverbs — F. P. Wilson, ed., The Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs (Oxford, 1970).

WJ — Weekly]oumal (London).

WMQ — William and Mary Quarterly.

Wood, Life — Andrew Clark, comp., The Life and Times of Anthony Wood, Antiquary, of Oxford 1632–1695…, 5 vols. (Oxford, 1891–1900).

Woodforde, Diary — John E. Beresford, ed., The Diary of a Country Parson, 5 vols. (London, 1924–1931).

WR or UJ — Weekly Register or, Universal Journal (London).

York Depositions — Depositions from the Castle of York, Relating to Offences Committed in the Northern Counties in the Seventeenth Century (London, 1861).

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ

1. Tryon, Wisdom's Dictates: Or, Aphorisms & Rules… (London, 1691), 68.

2. Middleton, A Mad World…, (London, 1608); Rousseau, Emile: or On Education, trans. Allan Bloom (New York, 1979), 133. Среди тех, кто первым обратил внимание на недостаток исследований по истории ночи, был Джордж Стайнер, который в 1978 году наблюдал: «Без достаточного внимания социальных историков остается факт, что большинство представителей человечества проводят значительную часть своей жизнь в темноте (со всем многообразием ее оттенков) — от захода солнца и до утра» ( A Reader [New York, 1984], 351). В действительности ночное время в качестве самостоятельного предмета изучения остается за рамками исторических исследований на всех уровнях: от обзоров по западной культуре и до академических монографий. Среди лучших описаний можно назвать малоизвестную и противоречащую собственной эпохе работу Matthiesen Natten. Среди других ранних исследований по теме стоит назвать: Maurice Bouteloup, "Le Travail de Nuit dans la Boulangerie" (Ph. D. diss., Universite de Paris, 1909); A. Voisin, "Notes sur la Vie Urbaine au XV Siecle: Dijon la Nuit," Annales de Bourgogne 9 (1937), 265–279; Bargellini, "Vita Nottuma." He так давно специалисты обратились к изучению отдельных аспектов ночной жизни, хотя ночь как таковая, во всей ее полноте, остается неизученной, вне границ социальной истории и истории культуры. См.: Elisabeth Pavan, "Recherches sur la Nuit Vmitienne a la Fin du Moyen Age," Journal of Medieval History 7 (1981), 339–356; Peter Reinhart Gleichmann, "Nacht und Zivilisation," in Martin Caethge and Wolfgang Essbach, eds., Soziologie: Entdeckungen im Alltaghchen (Frankfurt, 1983), 174–194; Silvia Mantini, "Per un'Immagine Delia Notte fra Tercento e Quattrocento," Archivio Storico Italiano 4 (1985), 565–594; Wolfgang Schivelbusch, Disenchanted Night: The Industrialization of Light in the Nineteenth Century, trans. Angela Davies (Berkeley, Calif., 1988); Corinne Walker, "Esquisse Pour une Histoire de la Vie Nocturne: Geneve au XVIIIe Siecle, Revue du Vieux Geneve 19 (1989), 73–85; Hero Camporesi, Bread of Dreams: Food and Fantasy in Early Modern Europe, trans. David Gentilcore (Chicago, 1989), 92—102; Robert