С Петров - «Вот б-ги твои, Израиль!». Языческая религия евреев

В Еврейской Библии отсутствует категория существ, которую можно было бы охарактеризовать как злых духов или демонов, противостоящих Яхве. Творящие зло существа, унаследованные из традиционной ханаанейской религии (Мот, Решеф) или в более отвлечённом виде представляющие различные беды (Мор, Язва, Голод, Меч и т. д.), являются лишь слугами Яхве, его посланцами или «Ангелами Зла», которых он использует для наказания Израиля и других народов. После того, как в эпоху Второго храма иудеи попали под влияние морально дуалистического зороастризма, они стали перетолковывать библейские тексты в его духе, «обнаруживая» там враждебных благому Яхве злых божеств в тех образах, которые первоначально были всего лишь его служителями или вообще отвлечёнными понятиями (Сатана, Мастема, Велиал и т. д.). Однако перестройка еврейской религии под зороастрийским влиянием в межзаветную эпоху является уже предметом отдельного исследования.

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