Л. Макеева - Язык, онтология и реализм

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Примечания

1

Хотя, как известно, термин «метафизика» был введен в I в. до н. э. для обозначения произведений Аристотеля, посвященных «первой философии», которые александрийский библиотекарь Андроник Родосский поместил «после физики», вопросы, находящиеся в ведении метафизики, волновали умы с момента появления философии как таковой.

2

Мы вовсе не хотим сказать, что аналитические философы открыто отождествляют метафизику с онтологией. Они, конечно, признают, что онтология – это лишь один из разделов метафизики и наряду с ним она содержит также разделы, занимающиеся проблемой бытия Бога, проблемой свободы воли, связью между сознанием и телом, природой пространства и времени и многими другими проблемами, однако, поскольку в структуре философского знания, принимаемой современными аналитическими философами, указанные проблемы оказались в ведении, скажем, философии религии, философии сознания, философии науки и т. п., собственно метафизика – в силу этого перераспределения проблематики – понимается ими как исключительно связанная с решением онтологических вопросов, и поэтому, когда они говорят о метафизике, они, как правило, имеют в виду онтологию.