Кит Йейтс - Математика жизни и смерти. 7 математических принципов, формирующих нашу жизнь

Ehlers, S., & Gillberg, C. (1993). The Epidemiology of Asperger Syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 34 (8), 1327–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469–7610.1993.tb02094.x

Fleming, P. J., Blair, P. S. P., Bacon, C., & Berry, P. J. (2000). Sudden unexpected deaths in infancy: the CESDI SUDI studies 1993–1996. The Stationery Office. Leach, C. E. A., Blair, P. S., Fleming, P. J., Smith, I. J., Platt, M. W., Berry, P. J., Group, the C. S. R. (1999). Epidemiology of SIDS and explained sudden infant deaths. Pediatrics, 104 (4), e43.

Summers, A. M., Summers, C. W., Drucker, D. B., Hajeer, A. H., Barson, A., & Hutchinson, I. V. (2000). Association of IL-10 genotype with sudden infant death syndrome. Human Immunology, 61 (12), 1270–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0198–8859 (00) 00183-X

Brownstein, C. A., Poduri, A., Goldstein, R. D., & Holm, I. A. (2018). The genetics of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. In SIDS: Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death: The Past, the Present and the Future. Dashash, M., Pravica, V., Hutchinson, I. V., Barson, A. J., & Drucker, D. B. (2006). Association of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome with VEGF and IL-6 Gene polymorphisms. Human Immunology, 67 (8), 627–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HUMIMM.2006.05.002

Ma, Y. Z. (2015). Simpson’s paradox in GDP and per capita GDP growths. Empirical Economics, 49 (4), 1301–15. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s00181-015-0921-3

Nurmi, H. (1998). Voting paradoxes and referenda. Social Choice and Welfare, 15 (3), 333–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003550050109

Abramson, N. S., Kelsey, S. F., Safar, P., & Sutton-Tyrrell, K. (1992). Simpson’s paradox and clinical trials: What you find is not necessarily what you prove. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 21 (12), 1480–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644 (05) 80066-6

В России подобную ошибку и абсурдность подхода обычно описывают фразой «Средняя температура по больнице». – Прим. ред.

Yerushalmy, J. (1971). The relationship of parents’ cigarette smoking to outcome of pregnancy – implications as to the problem of inferring causation from observed associations. American Journal of Epidemiology, 93 (6), 443–56. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121278

Wilcox, A. J. (2001). On the importance – and the unimportance – of birthweight. International Journal of Epidemiology, 30 (6), 1233–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/30.6.1233

Dawid, A. P. (2005). Bayes’s theorem and weighing evidence by juries. In Richard Swinburne (ed.), Bayes’s Theorem. British Academy. https://doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197263419.003.0004 Hill, R. (2004). Multiple sudden infant deaths – coincidence or beyond coincidence? Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 18 (5), 320–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365–3016.2004.00560.x

Несмотря на периодически появляющиеся в СМИ сообщения о «полной расшифровке генома человека», работа в этом направлении еще не закончена, хотя значительная ее часть уже успешно завершена. – Прим. пер.

Судебный заседатель – непрофессиональный судья, чаще всего не юрист; в российской правовой системе такой должности нет. – Прим. пер.

Math on Trial: How Numbers Get Used and Abused in the Courtroom

Schneps, L., & Colmez, C. (2013). Math on Trial: How Numbers Get Used and Abused in the Courtroom.

Математический артефакт – ложный результат, получаемый при заведомо некорректной методике расчета или вследствие непредсказуемых (или неверно интерпретированных) совпадений. – Прим. пер.

Jepson, R. G., Williams, G., & Craig, J. C. (2012). Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (10). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001321.pub5

Hemila, H., Chalker, E., & Douglas, B. (2007). Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (3). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000980.pub3

Убийство барабанщика 2-го батальона Королевского стрелкового полка Ли Ригби, совершенное 22 мая 2013 года двумя мусульманами, получило мощнейший общественный резонанс. – Прим. пер.

Себастьян Лукач Горка – британский венгерско-американский военный и разведывательный аналитик, занимавший должность заместителя помощника президента в администрации президента США Дональда Трампа. Служил с января 2017 года до 25 августа 2017 г. – Прим. пер.

American Society of News Editors. (2019). ASNE Statement of Principles. Retrieved March 16, 2019, from https://www.asne.org/content.asp?pl=24&sl=171&contentid=171 International Federation of Journalists. (2019). Principles on Conduct of Journalism – IFJ. Retrieved March 16, 2019, from https://www.ifj.org/who/rules-and-policy/principles-on-conduct-of-journalism.html Associated Press Media Editors. (2019). Statement of Ethical Principles – APME. Retrieved March 16, 2019, from https://www.apme.com/page/EthicsStatement?&hhsearchterms=%22ethics%22 Society of Professional Journalists. (2019). SPJ Code of Ethics. Retrieved March 16, 2019, from https://www.spj.org/ethicscode.asp

Troyer, K., Gilboy, T., & Koeneman, B. (2001). A nine STR locus match between two apparently unrelated individuals using AmpFlSTRR Profiler Plus and Cofiler. In Genetic Identity Conference Proceedings, 12th International Symposium on Human Identification. Retrieved from https://www.promega.ee/~/media/files/resources/conference proceedings/ishi 12/poster abstracts/troyer.pdf

Curran, J. (2010). Are DNA profiles as rare as we think? Or can we trust DNA statistics? Significance, 7 (2), 62–6. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1740–9713.2010.00420.x

Ramirez, E., Brill, J., Ohlhausen, M. K., Wright, J. D., Terrell, M., & Clark, D. S. (2014). In the matter of L’Oreal USA, Inc., a corporation. Docket No. C. Retrieved from https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/documents/cases/140627lorealcmpt.pdf

Squire, P. (1988). Why the 1936 Literary Digest poll failed. Public Opinion Quarterly, 52 (1), 125. https://doi.org/10.1086/269085

Simon, J. L. (2003). The Art of Empirical Investigation. Transaction Publishers.

Literary Digest. (1936). Landon, 1,293,669; Roosevelt, 972,897: Final Returns in ‘The Digest’s’ Poll of Ten Million Voters. Literary Digest, 122, 5–6.

Cantril, H. (1937). How accurate were the polls? Public Opinion Quarterly, 1 (1), 97. https://doi.org/10.1086/265040 Lusinchi, D. (2012). ‘President’ Landon and the 1936 Literary Digest poll. Social Science History, 36 (01), 23–54. https://doi.org/10.1017/S014555320001035X

Squire, P. (1988). Why the 1936 Literary Digest poll failed. Public Opinion Quarterly, 52 (1), 125. https://doi.org/10.1086/269085

Blog post from polarizingthevacuum, 8 September 2016. Retrieved 21 March, 2019, from https://polarizingthevacuum.wordpress.com/2016/09/08/rod-liddle-saiddo-the-math-so-i-did/#comments

Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2015). Crime in the United States: FBI – Expanded Homicide Data Table 6. Retrieved from https://ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u.s/2015/crime-in-the-u.s. – 2015/tables/expanded_homicide_data_table_6_murder_race_and_sex_of_vicitm_by_race_and_sex_of_offender_2015.xls

U. S. Census Bureau. (2015). American FactFinder – Results. Retrieved from https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/ 15_5YR/DP05/0100000US

Swaine, J., Laughland, O., Lartey, J., & McCarthy, C. (2016). The counted: people killed by police in the US. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/series/counted-us-police-killings

Tran, M. (2015, October 8). FBI chief: ‘unacceptable’ that Guardian has better data on police violence. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/oct/08/fbi-chief-says-ridiculous-guardianwashington-post-better-information-police-shootings

Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2015). Crime in the United States: Full-time Law Enforcement Employees. Retrieved from https://ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u.s/2015/crime-in-the-u.s. – 2015/tables/table-74

Careless pork costs lives (англ.). Заголовок обыгрывает слоган британского пропагандистского плаката времен Второй мировой войны Careless talk costs life (Легкомысленна болтовня убивает); советский аналог того же периода – «Болтун – находка для шпиона!» – Прим. пер.

World Cancer Research Fund, & American Institute for Cancer Research. (2007). Second Expert Report | World Cancer Research Fund International. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/4841/1/4841.pdf

Newton-Cheh, C., Larson, M. G., Vasan, R. S., Levy, D., Bloch, K. D., Surti, A., Wang, T. J. (2009). Association of common variants in NPPA and NPPB with circulating natriuretic peptides and blood pressure. Nature Genetics, 41 (3), 348–53. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.328

Garcia-Retamero, R., & Galesic, M. (2010). How to reduce the effect of framing on messages about health. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 25 (12), 1323–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-010-1484-9

Sedrakyan, A., & Shih, C. (2007). Improving depiction of benefits and harms. Medical Care, 45 (10 Suppl 2), S23–S28. https://doi.org/ 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3180642f69

Эффект фрейминга (от англ. frame – рамка, обрамление) – когнитивное искажение, при котором форма подачи информации влияет на ее восприятие человеком. – Прим. ред.