Владимир Аракин - Практический курс английского языка 1 курс

(understood, understood) vt, e. g. The man was very quiet. He didn't realize the danger.

2. осуществлять, реализовать, е. д. The plan was hard to realize (fulfil). But: It's necessary

to understand the rule before doing this exercise. I don't understand why he has left.

indoors adv дома; out-of-doorsна улице; indoor games:chess, draughts, lotto,

dominoes, etc.; outdoor games:football, golf, cricket, hockey, etc.

Mind the stresses in the following word combinations: 'indoor' games, but to 'stay in'

doors;' out-of-' doors.

watch television(TV) смотреть телевизор, е. д. The Leonovs bought aTV -setand

invited the neighbours to watch TV. to see

(watch) theTV programmeсмотреть телевизионною передачу, е. д. I'm

sorry you didn't see the TV programme on Sunday evening. It was really

interesting.

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week-end n Sunday, with parts of Saturday and sometimes of Monday, as a

period of rest or as a holiday. Mind the use of prepositions: to do something atthe

week-end, to go somewhere forthe week-end.

start (for some place) v t / i 1. отправляться, пускаться в путь, е. д. The

family started for the railway station. 2. Начинать что-л.. e. g. The machine

started working.

unusually adv необычно, e. g. He thought that Jane looked unusually pretty

that day. Ant. usuallyобычно, e. g. He usually takes a cold shower at 8 o'clock, as

usualкак обычно, е. д. Не took off his coat and hung it on the hook as usual.

to feel (look) unhappy (happy, bad, chilly,etc.) чувствовать себя

(выглядеть, казаться) несчастным (счастливым), чувствовать себя

(выглядеть) плохо, чувствовать озноб, but to feel(look) wellчувствовать себя

(выглядеть) хорошо, е. д. Не always feels happy when he comes to his native

town. She felt chilly and swam ashore. Ann looked surprisingly beautiful in her

black dress. John looked well in spite of his illness.

tobe about toсобираться сделать что-л., е. д. They were about to leave the

house when the telephone bell rang.

besides adv кроме того; beside prp около, возле, е. д. X. is a wonderful

singer and a good pianist besides. There was a house beside the river.

expensive adj дорогой, e. g. The hat is too expensive. I can't buy it. Syn. dear

(разг.), e. g. Isn't the toy dear? Ant. cheapдешевый, e. g, The cheapest things

cannot be very good.

at the seasideу моря, на взморье

Note: shore n берег моря, океана, озера, as the shore of the Black Sea;

bank n берег реки, as the bank of the Moskva river; coastn побережье, as the

coast of France; the Black Sea coast; beachл пляж, е. д. Robert and his

Grandpa sometimes spent their time on the beach;*

as good as goldзолотой, примерный (о поведении, о нравственных

качествах)

to catch up (with smb.)догонять, е. д. It's easy to catch up withhim, he is

walking slowly. Mary was afraid that shewould not be ableto catch up with the

group after her illness.

to splash aboutбрызгаться, плескаться

I'd rather(I would rather)я пожалуй, я предпочел бы, е. д. f drather swim

ashore.

Compare: You'd better (You had better) вам бы лучше, e. g. You'd better go

now = It would be better for you to go now.

EXERCISES

I. a) The material below is to be prepared for reading. Mark the stresses and tunes,

b) Let your fellow-student read this exercise for you to detect his errors in sounds and tell

him what must be done to eliminate them:

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[i:[ 1. Please believe me. Please leave me in peace.

2. Extremes meet.

3. Seeing is believing.

4. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

5. A sailor went to sea

To see what he could see. But all he could

see Was sea, sea, sea.

6. If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea that would be.

II. Before you start working at the text practise the sounds in the following word

combinations:

A. 1. [ai] smiling, realizing, behind, wife, arrived.

—

2. Loss of plosion: and trouble, that day, asked Ben, got too little, walked back.

3. Alveolars replaced by dentals: when they, in the bus, and there, at the door,

as the play, said the driver, in the evening, that was the end, was the answer.

B. 1. Loss of aspiration: swtop teasing, you s^plash. 2. No glottal stop: alljDver,

swin\jishore, div^_pff.

III.1. a) Listen to the recording of the text "Under the High Trees".

Mark the stresses and tunes,b) Practise the text for test reading. Listen

to the text very carefully until you can say it in exactly the same way.

2. a) Listen to the recording of the dialogue "At the Seaside". Mark the stresses and

tunes, b) Practise the dialogue for test reading. Listen to the text very carefully until you

can say it in exactly the same way. c) Memorize the dialogue and dramatize it.

IV.

Transcribe the following words and practise their pronunciation:

dreadfully, radiantly, arranged, week-end, squeeze, enough, quietly, patience,

unwillingly, expensive;

carriage, both, further, bathing-suit, coward, tired, mouthful, ashore, moment,

raft.

V. Transcribe the following sentences; mark the stresses and tunes and picture them

on the staves:

1. "I can speak Japanese," he said. 2. "India is in the South of Asia," the pupil

answered. 3. "Does he come from South America?" John asked. 4. "Have you

come from Bulgaria?" I asked him. 5. Besides, he is a good sportsman. 6. To tell

you the truth, I dislike him. 7. As far as I know, she is married. 8. The students, of

course, knew the professor. 9. As a rule, I am free in the evening.

VI.

a) Answer the following questions:

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1. Why was Ben Smith so dreadfully tired when he carne home? 2. Why was

June smiling radiantly? 3. What kind of dream was June realizing? 4. What was

Penny's idea of spending that evening? 5. Why did Ben envy his daughter? 6.

What do you think of Ben's attitude towards June? 7. What can be said about the

weather? 8. Why did Ben have to get off the bus? 9. How did it happen that Ben

went past the theatre? 10. Why didn't the man at the door let Ben in? 11. Who

saved the situation at that moment? 12. Was it easy for Ben to find his seat? Why?

13. Why did Ben and June find it difficult to understand the plot of the play? 14.

Why did Ben decide to take a taxi on their way back? 15. Why did the journey

turn out to be rather expensive? 16. What struck Ben when he talked to his

daughter about watching TV?

b) Ask your comrades questions on Text2. c) Ask your comrades questions on their

past week-end,

VII.

Fill in prepositions or adverbs wherever necessary. Retell the text:

Tom Sawyer got tired ... the medicine which Aunt Polly gave ... him every day.

So once he decided to give it ...his Aunt's cat Peter. Peter sprang up ... the air ...

once. ... a few minutes Aunt Polly entered ... the room. She wanted to know what

Tom was

laughing ... . She came just ... time to see Peter jumping........................the

window and carrying the last flower-pot ... him. Tom lay ... the floor laughing.

She looked down and saw the bottle ... medicine and a teaspoon ... the bed. Aunt

Polly took Tom ... the ear and

asked why he had treated ... the poor animal like that. Tomsaid, "I was sorry. .

him because he had no aunt."

VIII.

Each sentence describes a certain situation in a concise way.

Find out some more details about the situation by asking questions. Work

in pairs. Use conversational phrases:

1. They are proud of their wonderful language laboratory. 2. Tom asked his

father to take him down to the seaside. 3. She is turning on the radio. 4. The

Greens have breakfast in the open air in summer. 5. Ann does her morning

exercises to music every day.

IX. Fill in the right word out of those in brackets (to hear, to listen; to leave, to stay,