Томас Чаморро-Премузик - Уверенность в себе. Как повысить самооценку, преодолеть страхи и сомнения
- Название:Уверенность в себе. Как повысить самооценку, преодолеть страхи и сомнения
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- Издательство:Альпина Паблишер
- Год:2014
- Город:Москва
- ISBN:978-5-9614-3353-1
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Ibid.
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Естественно, быть милым окупается не всегда. Данные недавних исследований свидетельствуют, что мужчины, которые производят впечатление доброжелательных и тактичных, зарабатывают меньше своих более конфликтных и агрессивных коллег (см. T. A. Judge, B. A. Livingstone, and C. Hurst, “Do Nice Guys – and Gals – Really Finish Last? The Joint Effects of Sex and Agreeableness on Income,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 102, no. 2 [2012]: 390–407). Но так или иначе, людям, с которыми неприятно общаться, труднее добиться успеха в карьере.
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Эти результаты были воспроизведены Долчини и Адлер (1994): “Perceived Competencies, Peer Group Affiliation, and Risk Behavior Among Early Adolescents,” Health Psychology 13, no. 6 (1994): 496–506.
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D. M. Tice, J. L. Butler, M. B. Muraven, and A. M. Stillwell, “When Modesty Prevails: Differential Favorability of Self-Presentation to Friends and Strangers,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69, no. 6 (1995): 1120–38.
157
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160
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162
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163
Ibid., 1102.
164
Карнеги Д. Как завоевывать друзей и оказывать влияние на людей. Мн.: Попурри, 2013.
165
E. D. Heggestad and M. J. Morrison, “An Inductive Exploration of the Social Effectiveness Construct Space,” Journal of Personality 76, no. 4 (2008): 839–74.
166
Обзор культурных различий в восприятии привлекательности см. в: V. Swami and A. Furnham, eds., Body Beautiful: Evolutionary and Socio-Cultural Perspectives (Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008).
167
M. T. Gabriel, J. W. Critelli, and J. S. Ee, “Narcissistic Illusions in Self-evaluations of Intelligence and Attractiveness,” Journal of Personality 62, no. 1 (1994): 143–55.
168
Данное исследование обнаружило корреляцию между самооцениваемой и фактической привлекательностью всего лишь в 0,13. Другими словами, если мы знаем, что кто-то привлекателен, вероятность того, что сам он считает себя привлекательным, составляет 56,5 %, а если мы знаем, что кто-то непривлекателен, вероятность того, что сам он считает себя непривлекательным, составляет те же 56,5 %.
169
Baumeister et al., “Does High Self-esteem Cause Better Performance,”1.
170
“Dating in the Dark,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dating_in_the_Dark.
171
M. D. Back, L. Penke, S. C. Schmukle, K. Sachse, P. Borkenau, and J. B. Asendorpf, “Why Mate Choices Are Not as Reciprocal as We Assume: The Role of Personality, Flirting and Physical Attractiveness,” European Journal of Personality 25, no. 2 (2011): 120–32.
172
Ibid., 125.
173
V. Coren, “The Curse of True Love,” Observer , October 14, 2006, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2006/oct/15/comment.victoriacoren.
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