Тайный адвокат - Ложные приговоры, неожиданные оправдания и другие игры в справедливость

22. Drug Offences Defnitive Guideline, Category 3 Signifcant Role (Supply of Class A); Sexual Offences Defnitive Guideline, Category 3B (Rape); Fraud Defnitive Guideline (Cheat the Revenue), Category 3A.

23. Section 142(1) of the Criminal Justice Act 2003.

24. Либо четыре месяца ареста для обвиняемых в возрасте семнадцати или шестнадцати лет.

25. Ministry of Justice (2016), Proven reoffending statistics quarterly: July 2013 to June 2014, London: Ministry of Justice, Tables C1a and C2a.

26. House of Commons Briefng Paper, ‘UK Prison Population Statistics’, SN/SG/04334, 20 April 2017; Ministry of Justice (2017), ‘Population and capacity briefng for 16 June 2017’, London: Ministry of Justice; Ministry of Justice (2017) ‘Offender management statistics quarterly: October to December 2016’, London: Ministry of Justice. Cited in Prison Reform Trust, ‘Prison: the facts’ (2017),

http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Bromley%20Briefngs/Summer%202017%20factfle.pdf.

27. International Centre for Prison Studies website,

http://www.prisonstudies.org/highest-to-lowest/prison_population_rate?feld_region_taxonomy_tid=14.

28. Средний срок тюремного заключения для уголовных преступлений в марте 2007 года составлял 15,3 месяца. В марте 2017 года средний срок наказания за те же преступления уже составил 19,5 месяца. Ministry of Justice, Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly, March 2017,

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/fle/638225/cjs-statistics-march-2017.pdf.

29. The Howard League for Penal Reform, ‘Faint Hope: What to do about long sentences?’ (2016), http://howardleague.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Faint-Hope-What-to-do-about-long-sentences.pdf.

30. Full Fact, ‘Has crime fallen regardless of changes to prison numbers?’, 24 October 2012, https://fullfact.org/crime/has-crime-fallen-regardless-changes-prison-numbers/.

31. ‘Secret memo warns Blair of crime wave’, Sunday Times, 24 December 2006.

32. Ministry of Justice (2016), ‘Proven reoffending statistics quarterly: July 2013 to June 2014’, London: Ministry of Justice, Tables C1a and C2a. Процитировано в Prison Reform Trust, указанная публикация.

33. National Offender Management Service (2015), Annual Report and Accounts 2014/15, London: The Stationery Offce. Cited in Prison Reform Trust, указанная публикация.

34. Ministry of Justice (2016), ‘National Offender Management Service workforce statistics: March 2016’, London: Ministry of Justice, Table 2, Ministry of Justice (2016), ‘Offender management statistics quarterly: October to December 2015’, London: Ministry of Justice Table A1.1. and 1.1. Cited in Prison Reform Trust, указанная публикация.

35. Ministry of Justice (2015), Prison and probation performance statistics 2014 to 2015.

36. Там же.

37. Ministry of Justice (2016), ‘Costs per place and costs per prisoner’, NOMS Annual Report and Accounts 2015–16; National Offender Management Service Annual Report 2009/10, Table 1. Cited in Prison Reform Trust, указанная публикация.

38. ‘Prison book ban is unlawful, court rules’, Guardian, 5 December 2014,

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2014/dec/05/prison-book-ban-unlawful-court-chris-grayling.

39. В 2014 году Крис Грэйлинг отказал в разрешении заключенным взаимодействовать с комиссией по сексу в тюрьмах, основанной в 2012 году. Сообщалось, что Грэйлинг сказал: «В мою смену заключенные заниматься сексом не будут», ‘Chris Grayling blocks inquiry into sexual assaults inside jails’, Independent, 3 May 2014,

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/chris-grayling-blocks-inquiry-into-sexual-assaults-inside-jails-9321406.html.

40. “Staggering” rise in prison violence means youth jails are no longer safe, prison watchdog warns’, Independent, 18 July 2017,

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/rise-in-prison-violence-youth-jails-young-offenders-no-longer-safe-watchdog-warns-government-a7846886.html.

41. ‘Men’s prison conditions so “degrading” inmates “crunch cockroaches underfoot”, warns watchdog’, Independent, 5 July 2017,

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/uk-prison-conditions-men-degrading-poor-cockroaches-watchdog-home-offce-bristol-inspectorate-howard-a7858626.html?amp.

42. HM Chief Inspector of Prisons for England and Wales, Annual Report 2016–17, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hm-chief-inspector-of-prisons-annual-report-2016-to-2017.

43. HM Inspectorate of Prisons (2015), ‘Changing patterns of substance misuse in adult prisons and service responses’, London: HMIP.

44. Ministry of Justice (2017) Monthly Population Bulletin, May 2017.

45. Ministry of Justice (2017), Safety in Custody Statistics Quarterly, update to June 2017.

46. ‘Staggering rise’, указанная публикация.

47. Ministry of Justice (2016), ‘Safety in custody statistics quarterly update to December 2015’, London: Ministry of Justice, процитировано в Prison Reform Trust, указанная публикация.

48. Skills Funding Agency (2015), ‘OLASS English and maths assessments: participation 2014/15’, London, процитировано там же.

49. Criminal Justice Joint Inspection (2015), ‘A joint inspection of the treatment of offenders with learning disabilities within the criminal justice system – phase two in custody and the community’, London: HM Inspectorate of Prisons, процитировано там же.

50. Ministry of Justice (2013), ‘Gender differences in substance misuse and mental health amongst prisoners, Results from the Surveying Prisoner Crime Reduction (SPCR)’, процитировано там же.

51. Там же.

52. Ministry of Justice (2012), ‘Research Summary 3/12, Accommodation, homelessness and reoffending of prisoners’, London: Ministry of Justice, cited in ibid.

53. HM Chief Inspector of Prisons (2015), Annual Report 2014–15, London: The Stationery Offce, cited in ibid.

54. Ofsted (2015), The Annual Report of Her Majesty’s Chief Inspector of Education, Children’s Services and Skills 2014/15, Manchester, Ofsted, процитировано там же.

55. Ministry of Justice (2015), Prison Annual Performance Ratings 2014/15, London: Ministry of Justice and Prison performance digest 2012–13, процитировано там же.

56. ‘Prison offcers stage unoffcial walkouts in England and Wales’, BBC News, 8 July 2016, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-36737016.

57. ‘Liz Truss’s £9-per-hour prison officers won’t produce safe, human prisons’, Guardian, 3 November 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/nov/03/liz-truss-prison-offcers-prisons-staff-prisoner.

58. ‘What is going wrong with the prison system?’ 26 January 2017, BBC News,

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-38596034.

59. ‘Prisoner numbers will not be cut to achieve a political “quick fx”, Liz Truss to warn’, Telegraph, 13 February 2017,

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/02/13/prisoner-numbers-will-not-cut-achieve-political-quick-fx-liz/.

1. At 564–5.

2. R v Nealon [2014] EWCA Crim 574, http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWCA/Crim/2014/574.html.

3. R (Hallam and Nealon) v Secretary of State for Justice [2016] EWCA Civ 355, Annex at [8].

4. Or, if you are particularly important, you might have the privilege of a five-strong Court.

5. Из 21 514 поданных в период между апрелем 1997-го и октябрем 2016 года заявлений лишь 2,9 % были направлены в Апелляционный суд, – по ним было принято решение, что существует реальная вероятность отмены приговора. Из переданных апелляций лишь 1,9 % были удовлетворены. CCRC case statistics, http://www.ccrc.gov.uk/case-statistics/.

6. Ministry of Justice, Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly, June 2016,

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/fle/570022/criminal-justice-statistics-quarterly-update-to-june-2016.pdf.

7. Сравнивать данные по апелляциям с 2016 года со статистикой Королевского суда за тот же самый период не совсем уместно, так как поданные в 2016 году апелляции не все связаны с делами Королевского суда, рассмотренными в тот же период. Однако за неимением лучших данных такое сравнение дает грубое представление о вероятности успешной апелляции.

8. Court of Appeal (Criminal Division), Annual Report 2015/16,

https://www.judiciary.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/cacd-lcj-report-2016-fnal.pdf.

9. M McConville and L Marsh, Criminal Judges: Legitimacy, Courts and State-Induced Guilty Pleas in Britain, Edward Elgar, 2014.

10. Court of Appeal (Criminal Division), Annual Report 2015/16, Annex F.

11. ‘Unduly Lenient Sentence scheme ensuring justice for victims of crime and their families’, https://www.gov.uk/government/news/unduly-lenient-sentence-scheme-ensuring-justice-for-victims-of-crime-and-their-families-2.

12. Court of Appeal (Criminal Division), Annual Report 2015/16, Annex F.

13. The Justice Gap, ‘Our lack of care for victims of miscarriages of justice is nothing short of a scandal’, Mark Newby, June 2016,

http://thejusticegap.com/2016/06/lack-compensation-victims-miscarriages-justice-nothing-short-scandal/.

14. R (Adams) v Secretary of State for Justice [2011] UKSC 18, [2012] 1 AC 48.

15. Explanatory notes to Anti-Social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014, Part 13, Compensation for miscarriages of justice, § 89,

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2014/12/notes/division/3/8/1.

16. R (Hallam and Nealon) v Secretary of State for Justice [2016] EWCA Civ 355.

17. R v Secretary of State for the Home Department, ex parte Bateman [1994] 7 Admin LR 175.

18. ‘Rail delays: New plans to compensate passengers’, BBC News, 13 October 2016, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-37638802

1. См. ‘Youth Proceedings Advocacy Review: Final Report’, October 2015,

https://www.barstandardsboard.org.uk/media/1712097/yparfnalreportfnal.pdf;

Bar Standards Board Response, May 2016,

https://www.barstandardsboard.org.uk/media/1761020/youth_advocacy_review_report_may_2016.pdf.

2. HM Inspectorate of Probation, Transforming Rehabilitation: Early Implementation 5, стр. 20,

http://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprobation/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2016/05/Transforming-Rehabilitation-5.pdf.

3. HM Inspectorate of Probation, Quality & Impact inspection: The effectiveness of probation work in the north of London, стр. 4,

https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprobation/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2016/12/North-of-London-QI-Report.pdf.