А. Роджер Экерч - На исходе дня. История ночи

22. John Bruce, ed., Diary of John Manningham… (1868; rpt. edn., New York, 1968), 83; The Vocal Miscellany: A Collection of Above Four Hundred Celebrated Songs… (London, 1734), 120.

23. Willie Lee Rose, ed., A Documentary History of Slavery in North America (New York, 1976), 19; J. F. D. Smyth, A Tour in the United States of America (London, 1784), I, 46; Roger D. Abrahams, Singing the Master: The Emergence of African American Culture in the Plantation South (New York, 1982), 5; Mark M. Smith, "Time, Slavery and Plantation Capitalism in the Ante-Bellum American South," PP 150 (1996), 160.

24. Lottin, Chavatte, 141; Pieter Spierenburg, "Knife Fighting and Popular Codes of Honor in Early Modem Amsterdam," in Pieter Spierenburg, ed., Men and Violence: Gender, Honor, and Rituals in Modem Europe and America (Columbus, Ohio, 1998), 108; Ann Tlusty, "The Devil's Altar: The Tavern and Society in Early Modem Augsburg (Germany)" (Ph. D. diss., Univ. of Maryland, 1994), 184; OBP, Sept. 11, 1735, 110; The Countryman's Guide to London or, Villainy Detected… (London, 1775), 78; Thomas Brennan, Public Drinking and Popular Culture in Eighteenth-Century Paris (Princeton, N. J., 1988), 282–283, passim; Merry E. Wiesner, Working Women in Renaissance Germany (New Brunswick, N. J., 1986), 133–134; Daniel Roche, The People of Paris: An Essay in Popular Culture in the 18th Century, trans. Marie Evans (Leamington Spa, Eng., 1987), 255; Feb. 3,1772, Carter, Diary, II, 649.

25. Hardy, The Life and Death of the Mayor of Casterbridge: A Story of a Man of Character (New York, 1984), 307.

26. Erskine Beveridge, comp., and J. D. Westwood, ed., Fergusson's Scottish Proverbs… (Edinburgh, 1924), 39; Legg, Low-Life, 21; Bargellini, "Vita Notturna," 83; F. Platter, Journal, 89–90; Fernando de Rojas, The Celestina: A Novel in Dialogue, trans. Lesley Byrd Simpson (Berkeley, Calif., 1971), 81; Ernest A Gray, ed., The Diary of a Surgeon in the Year 1751–1752 (New York, 1937), 74–75; WJ, Mar. 20,1725.

27. Laura Gowing, "'The Freedom of the Streets': Women and Social Space, 1560–1640," in Mark S. R Jenner and Paul Griffiths, eds., Londinopolis: Essays in the Cultural and Social History of Early Modem London (Manchester, 2000), 143; Linda A. Pollock, "Parent-Child Relations," in FLEMT, 215–217; Alan Williams, The Police of Paris, 1718–1789 (Baton Rouge, 1979), 196; Jane Brewerton, Feb. 29,1760, Assi 45/26/4/6.

28. Jan. 23, 1574, J. H. Van Eeghen, Ed., Dagboek Van Broeder Wouter Jacobsz (Gualtherus Jacobi Masius Prior Van Stein: Amsterdam, 1572–1578, En Montfoort, 1578–1579, Gronningen, Neth., 1959), 359.

29. Thomas Dekker, The Seven Deadly Sinnes of London, ed. H. F. B. Brett-Smith (New York, 1922), 41; Nicolas-Edme Restif de la Bretonne, Les Nuits de Paris or the Nocturnal Spectator (New York, 1964), 68; Select Trials, II, 11; Legg, Low-Life, 100; Wilson, English Proverbs, 542; OED, s. v. "flitting."

30. Dekker, Writings, 230; Richard Head, The Canting Academy; or Villanies Discovered… (London, 1674), 37, 40; Roger B. Manning, Village Revolts: Social Protest and Popular Disturbances in England, 1509–1640 (Oxford, 1988), 173; Gilbert Slater, The English Peasantry and the Enclosure of Common Fields (1907; rpt. edn., New York, 1968), 119–120; Hugh Evans, The Gorse Glen, trans. E. Morgan Humphreys (Liverpool, 1948), 70.

31. Carol F. Karlsen, The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England (New York, 1987), 159; Alan Taylor, "The Early Republic's Supernatural Economy: Treasure Seeking in the American Northeast, 1780–1830," American Quarterly 38 (1986), 6—34 (Я благодарю Алана Тэйлора за предоставление мне копии своей статьи); William W. Hagen, Ordinary Prussians: Brandenburg, Junkers and Villagers, 1500–1840 (Cambridge, 2002), 479; W. R. Jones, "'Hill-Diggers' and 'Hell-Raisers': Treasure Hunting and the Supernatural in Old and New England," in Peter Benes, ed., Wonders of the Invisible World: 1600–1900 (Boston, 1995), 97—106. См. также: Benjamin Franklin, Writings, ed. J. A. Leo Lemay (New York, 1987), 113–115.

32. PA, Jan. 3,1786; Rose, ed., Slavery, 460; Malcolm Letts, "Johannes Butzbach, a Wandering Scholar of the Fifteenth Century," English Historical Review 32 (1917), 31; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 506–523; H. C. Erik Midelfort, "Were There Really Witches," in Robert M. Kingdon, ed., Transition and Revolution: Problems and Issues of European Renaissance and Reformation History (Minneapolis, 1974), 198–199; David Thomas König, Law and Society in Puritan Massachusetts: Essex County, 1629–1692 (Chapel Hill, N. C, 1979), 145–179, passim.

33. Karlsen, Shape of a Woman, 140; SWP, II, 413; NHTR, II, 130–131.

34. Pinkerton, Travels, III, 316; Carmina Medii Aevi (Torino, 1961), 35; Jütte, Poverty, 152–153. См. также: Letters from Barbary, France, Spain, Portugal… (London, 1788), II, 113.

35. June 2,1663, Pepys, Diary, IV, 171, Beattie, Crime, 173–175. См. также: Best, Books, 35.

36. Domestic Management, or the Art of Conducting a Family; with Instructions to Servants in General (London, 1740), 59; Pinkerton, Trawls, III, 316; Mar. 22,1770, Carter, Diary, I, 372; John Greaves Nail, ed., Etymological and Comparative Glossary of the Dialect of East Anglia (London, 1866), 521; William Hector, ed., Selections from the Judicial Records of Renfrewshire… (Paisley, Scot., 1876), 203–204.

37. Newton D. Mereness, ed., Travels in the American Colonies, 1690–1783 (New York, 1916), 592, 606–607; John C. Fitzpatrick, ed., The Writings of George Washington (Washington, D.C., 1939), XXXII, 264; Richard Parkinson, The Experienced Farmer's Tour in America (London, 1805), 446–447; James M. Rosenheim, ed., The Notebook of Robert Doughty, 1662–1665 (Norfolk, 1989), 39; Morgan, Slave Counterpoint, passim.

38. Manning, Village Revolts, 296, 284–305, passim; Rachel N. Klein, "Ordering the Backcountry: The South Carolina Regulation," WMQ, 3rd Ser., 38 (1981), 671–672.

39. Robert Bell, Early Ballads… (London, 1889), 436–437; David Davies, The Case of Labourers in Husbandry… (Dublin, 1796), 77; Spike Mays, Reuben's Corner (London, 1969), 197; Frank McLynn, Crime and Punishment in Eighteenth-Century England (London, 1989), 172–197. См. также: Walker's Hibernian Magazine, April 1792,296.

40. LEP, Oct. 5,1738; Arthur Walter Slater, ed., Autobiographical Memoir of Joseph Jewell, 1763–1846 (London, 1964), 134; Cal Winslow, "Sussex Smugglers," in Douglas Hay et al, eds., Albion's Fatal Tret. Crime and Society in Eighteenth-Century England (New York, 1975), 119–166; Hufton, Poor of Eighteenth-Century France, 284–305.

41. Defoe, Tour, 1,123; OED, s. v. "owler"; McLynn, Crime and Punishment, 177; Burton E. Stevenson, The Home Book of Proverbs, Maxims and Familiar Phrases (New York, 1948), 1623; Eric Partridge, ed., A Dictionary of the Underworld… (New York, 1950), 449; Dec. 13,1794, Woodforde, Diary, IV, 160, passim; Slater, ed., Jewell Memoir, 135; "Extract of a Letter from Orford" LC, March 23,1782; John Kelso Hunter, The Retrospect of an Artist's Life: Memorials of West Countrymen and Manners of the Past Half Century (Kilmarnock, Scot., 1912), 42.

42. T. J. A. Le Goff and D. M. G. Sutherland "The Revolution and the Rural Community in Eighteenth-Century Brittany," PP 62 (1974), 100; Jütte, Poverty, 153–156. В отличие от контрабанды, разграбление кораблей, потерпевших крушение, жителями побережья не было исключительно ночным видом преступления. Несмотря на изредка звучавшие голословные обвинения в том, что на берегу зажигались фальшивые сигнальные огни, приведшие к кораблекрушению, свидетельств этому крайне мало. В основном мародеры грабили суда, как только могли до них добраться, вне зависимости от того, какое было время суток. См.: "An Act for Enforcing the Laws Against Persons Who Shall Steal or Detain Shipwrecked Goods…," 26 George II c. 19; W. H. Porter, A Penman’s Story (London, 1965), 129; John G. Rule, "Wrecking and Coastal Plunder," in Hay et al., eds., Albion's Fatal Tree, 180–181.

43. Tobias Smollett, Travels through France and Italy (Oxford, 1979), 215; Cannon, Diary, 183; OBP, Sept. 18, 1752, 244; Richard Jefferson, Oct. 16, 1734, Assi 45/20/1/9; D. R Hainsworth, Stewards, Lords, and People: The Estate Steward and His World in Later Stuart England (Cambridge, 1992), 208–209; Jim Bullock, Bowers Row: Recollections of a Mining Village (Wakefield Eng., 1976), 163; Douglas Hay, "Poaching and the Game Laws on Canock Chase," in Hay et al., eds., Albion's Fatal Tree, 201–202; Manning, Village Revolts, 293; Douglas Hay "War, Dearth and Theft in the Eighteenth Century: The Record of the English Courts," PP 95 (1982), 117–160. Как сказал E. П. Томпсон, «тот же человек, который снимает шляпу перед сквайром днем и кто мог бы остаться в истории как образец почтительности, ночью может убивать его овец, ловить в капканы его фазанов и отравлять его псов». (Customs in Common: Studies in Traditional Popular Culture [New York, 1991], 66.)

44. Robert M. Isherwood, Farce and Fantasy: Popular Entertainment in Eighteenth-Century Paris (New York, 1986), 208; Roger Thompson, Unfit for Modest Ears: A Study of Pornographic, Obscene and Bawdy Works Written or Published in England in the Second Half of the Seventeenth Century (Totowa, N. J., 1979), 59; Alexander Hamilton, Gentleman's Progress: The Itinerarium of Dr. Alexander Hamilton, 1744, ed. Carl Bridenbaugh (Chapel Hill, N. C, 1948), 46; "T.S.C.P.," PA, Nov. 13, 1767; Kathryn Norberg, "Prostitutes," in HWW III, 459–474.

45. Helen Langdon, Caravaggio: A Life (New York, 1999), 144; Ferrante Pallavicino, The Whores Rhetorick… (London, 1683), 144; OBP, passim; Norberg, "Prostitutes," 462, 472–474.

46. OBP, Dec. 7—12, 1743, 13, Dec. 9—11, 1747, 15; J. M. Beattie, "The Criminality of Women in Eighteenth-Century England" JSH 8 (1975), 90.

47. Koslofsky, "Court Culture," 759; Frederique Pitou, "Jeunesse et Desordre Social: Les 'Coureurs de Nuit' à Laval au XVIIIe Siècle," Revue d'Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine 47 (2000), 69; Ferdinando Bottarelli, The New Italian, English and French Pocket-Dictionary… (London, 1795), I; S. A. H. Bume, ed., The Staffordshire Quarter Sessions Rolls, 1581—[1606] (Kendall, Eng., 1940), V, 238; PA, July 30,1762; Davenant, Works; The Acts and Resolves, Public and Private, of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (Boston, 1881), III, 647; Daniel Fabre, "Families: Privacy versus Custom," in HPL III, 546–561.