Сьюзен Бауэр - История Средневекового мира. От Константина до первых Крестовых походов
- Название:История Средневекового мира. От Константина до первых Крестовых походов
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Сьюзен Бауэр - История Средневекового мира. От Константина до первых Крестовых походов краткое содержание
Не просто сухие факты, но и подробный и яркий рассказ о внешней и внутренней политике государств Средневековья, о религии и ее роли в повседневной жизни и системе управления.
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10. Geoffrey of Monmouth, 6.10.
11. Gildas, 24.2–3.
12. Nennius, History of the Britons, 42, in J. A. Giles, Old English Chronicles (1908).
13. M. J. Swanton, trans, and ed., The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, (1998), p. 13.
Глава 20. Конец римской легенды
1. С. D. Gordon, The Age of Attila (1960), p. 51.
2. Ibid., pp. 51–52; Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, pp. 182–183.
3. Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, p. 235.
4. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, trans. H. B. Dewing, vol. 2 (1916), 3.25–26.
5. Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, p. 237.
6. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, trans. H. B. Dewing, Vol. 5 (1928), VII.4-13.
7. Hydatius (1993), p. 113.
8. Ibid., p. 115.
9. Collins, p. 33.
10. Sidonius Apollinaris, Letters, trans. О. M. Dalton (1915), 1.5.
11.0 Hogain, p. 215.
12. Jordanes, 45.237–238.
13. Gordon, p. 122.
14. Jordanes, book 46, p. 119.
Глава 21. Остготы
1. Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, pp. 230–231.
2. Ibid., p. 252.
3. Jordanes, 46.243.
4. Collins, p. 33; Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, pp. 278–279.
5. John Moorhead, Theodericin Italy (1992), pp. 16–17.
6. Ibid., pp. 19–20.
7. Anonymous Valensianus, quoted in Thomas S. Burns, A History of the Ostrogoths (1984), p. 72.
8. Moorhead, p. 30.
9. Ibid., pp. 73, 100–101,140-142.
10. Moorhead, p. 60; Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, trans.
H. B. Dewing, vol. 3 (1919), 5.2.
11. Gregory the Great, The Dialogues of St. Gregory, ed. Edmund G. Gardner (1911), 2.3.
12. Benedict, The Holy Rule of St. Benedict, trans. Boniface Verheyen, OSB (1949), prologue.
13. Gregory the Great, The Dialogues (1911), 11.12.
14. Henry Bettenson and Chris Maunder, eds., Documents of the Christian Church, 3rd ed. (1999), p. 141.
Глава 22. Византия
1. Joshua the Stylite, The Chronicle of Joshua the Stylite, trans. W. Wright (1882), 1.
2. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1 (1914), 1.3; Joshua the Stylite, 10–11.
3. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1,1.4; al-Tabari, History, vol. 5, p. m, 116; Joshua the Stylite, 11.
4. al-Tabari, History, vol. 5, pp. 128–129; Joshua the Stylite 18–19.
5. Mary Boyce, «On the Orthodoxy of Sasanian Zoroastrianism», Bulletin of the
School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 59: 1 (1996), p. 23.
6. Ehsan Yarshater, «Mazdakism», in Ehsan Yarshater, ed., The Cambridge History of Iran, vol. 3(2) (1983), p. 1019.
7. al-Tabari, History, vol. 5, p. 132; Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1, 1.5.
8. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1, 1.5.
9. al-Tabari, History, vol. 5, p. 136; Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1 (1914), 1.6.
10. Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, p. 290.
11. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1, 1.7; Joshua the Stylite, 53.
12. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1, 1.10.
13. Samuel Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor, trans, and ed., The Russian Primary Chronicle (1953), p. 55; Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, p. 294.
14. Evagrius Scholasticus, Ecclesiastical History, trans. E. Walford (1846), 38.
15. Timothy Gregory, A History of Byzantium (2005), pp. 121–123.
16. Geoffrey Greatrex, «The Nika Riot: A Reappraisal», The Journal of Hellenic Studies, 117 (1997), p. 64.
17. Procopius, The Secret History, trans. G. A. Williamson (1966), p. 73.
Глава 23. Ожидания
1. Duan Wenjie, Dunhuang Art (1994), p. 127.
2. Gernet, pp. 192–193; J. A. G. Roberts, The Complete History of China (2003), pp. 68–69.
3. Joseph Needham et al., «Chemistry and Chemical Technology», in Science and Civilization in China vol. 3, part 3 (1976), p. 119.
4. Michael, pp. 96–97; W. Scott Morton and Charlton M. Lewis, China, 4th ed. (1995), pp. 77–78.
5. Richard Dawson, Imperial China (1972), p. 33.
6. Wong Kiew Kit, The Art of Shaolin Kung Fu (2002), p. 19.
7. Norman Kutcher, Mourning in Late Imperial China (1999), p. 93.
8. David A. Graff and Robin Higham, eds., A Military History of China (2002), p. 33; Roberts, p. 69; Dawson, p. 33.
9. MacGowan, p. 223.
10. Lee, New History of Korea, p. 40.
11. Ibid., pp. 38–40.
12. Ibid., p. 43; Keith Pratt, Korea (1999), p. 3.
13. Ilyon, Samguk Yusa, trans. Tae-hung Ha and Grafton K. Mintz (1972), pp. 67–68.
14. Lee and de Bary, pp. 72–73.
15. Ibid., pp. 77–78.
Глава 24. Возмущение
1. MacGowan, p. 225; Paludan, p. 72.
2. MacGowan, p. 225.
3. Ibid., pp. 226–227; Paludan, p. 73.
4. MacGowan, pp. 228–229.
5. MacGowan, p. 233; Fitzgerald, China, p. 279.
6. de Bary et al., p. 176.
7. MacGowan, p. 237.
8. Mark Elvin, The Pattern of the Chinese Past (1973), p. 47.
9. Graff and Higham (2002), p. 31.
10. Gernet, p. 175; Barfield, p. 124.
11. Barfield, p. 25.
12. Boulger, p. 163.
13. Roberts, p. 69.
Глава 25. Выборные короли
1. Gregory of Tours, 2.18–19; Collins, p. 36.
2. Gregory of Tours, 2.27; Collins, p. 33.
3. Gregory of Tours, 2.30.
4. Ibid., 2.31.
5. Ibid., 2.37; Patrick J. Geary, Before France and Germany (1988), pp. 86–87.
6. Collins, pp. 36–37.
7. Geary, pp. 90–91.
8. Geoffrey of Monmouth, History of the Kings of Britain, trans. Lewis Thorpe (1966), 6.14.
9. Gildas; 25.3; William of Malmesbury, Gesta Regum Anglorum, vol. 1, trans. R. A. B. Mynors et al. (1998), 1.8; Bede, 1.16.
10. Swanton, pp. 14–15.
11.0 Hogain, p. 216; Herrn, p. 275.
12. Swanton, p. 15.
13. О Hogain, p. 216.
14. Herrn, p. 277; О Hogain, p. 217. О Хогайн предполагает, что Камланн располагался гораздо дальше к северу, на западном конце стены Адриана, но более традиционна его привязка к Кэмелфорду в Англии
15. J. М. Wallace-Hadrill, Early Germanic Kingship in England and on the Continent (1971), p. 14.
16. Collins, p. 43.
Глава 26. Вторжение и извержение
1. Mookerji, pp. 119–120; Kulke, p. 90.
2. T W. Rhys Davids, trans., The Questions of King Milinda (1890).
3. Charles Eliot, Hinduism and Buddhism, vol. 3 (1921), p. 198.
4. Thapar, Early India, p. 287.
5. Alexander Cunningham, The Bhiha Topes (1854), p. 163.
6. Samuel Beal, trans., Travels of Fah-hian and Sun-yung, Buddhist Pilgrims, from China to India (400 A.D. and 518 A.D.), (1969), p. 197.
7. Ganguly, Imperial Guptas, p. 120; Thapar, Early India, p. 287.
8. David Keys, Catastrophe (1999), pp. 254, 262–269. Существует теория, что Ява и Суматра изначально были единым субконтинентальным масси вом.
9. Ibid., pp. 5, 247, 251; Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 2 (1916), 4.14; Charles Cockell, Impossible Extinction (2003), p. 121.
10. Cassiodorus, The Letters of Cassiodorus, trans. Thomas Hodgkin (1886), pp. 518–520.
11. John Savino and Marie D. Jones, Supervolcano, (2007), p. 85.
12. Keys, p. 259.
Глава 27. Американский континент
1. Keys, pp. 5, 189–190.
2. Richard E. W. Adams, Ancient Civilizations of the New World (1997), pp. 50–51.
3. Joyce Marcus, «The Origins of Mesoamerican Writing», Annual Review of Anthropology, 5 (1976), p. 37.
4. Ibid., pp. 39–40.
5. Elizabeth Hill Boone, Cycles of Time and Meaning in the Mexican Books of Fate (2007), p. 14.
6. Keys, pp. 186-87; Adams, pp. 43–44; George L. Cowgill, «State and Society at Teotihuacan, Mexico», Annual Review of Anthropology, 26 (1997), pp. 129–130.
7. Saburo Sugiyama, «Worldview Materialized in Teotihuacan, Mexico», Latin American Antiquity, 4: 2 (1993), p. 105.
8. Richard Haly, «Bare Bones: Rethinking Mesoamerican Divinity», History of Religions, 31: 3 (1992), pp. 280–281.
9. Ibid., p. 287.
10. Boone, p. 13.
11. Haly, p. 297; Keys, p. 193.
12. Rene Millon, «Teotihuacan: City, State and Civilization», in Victoria Reifler Bricker, ed., Supplement to the Handbook of Middle American Indians, vol. 1, pp. 235–238; Norman Yoffee, ed., The Collapse of Ancient States and Civilizations (1988), pp. 149ff; Keys, pp. 192–193, 197–198.
13. Ernesto Gonzalez Licon, Vanished Mesoamerican Civilizations, trans. Andrew Ellis (1991), pp. 81–83.
14. Ibid., p. 92.
Глава 28. Великое и святое величие
1. John J. Saunders, A History of Medieval Islam (1978), pp. 5–6.
2. Karen Armstrong, Muhammad (1993), p. 62.
3. Irfan Shahid, Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century, vol. 2, Part 1 (2002), pp. 2–3, 140; Hugh Kennedy, The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates, 2d ed. (2004), p.17.
4. Alois Grillmeier, Christ in Christian Tradition, vol. 2, trans. О. C. Dean (1996), p. 306.
5. «The Letter of Simeon of Beth Arsham», quoted in Dionysius, Chronicle, part
3, trans. Witold Witakowski (1996), pp. 53–57, and in Stuart Munro-Hay, The Quest for the Ark of the Covenant (1996), pp. 60–62.
6. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1,1.10; Saunders, History of Medieval Islam, p. 13; Armstrong Muhammad, p. 56; Grillmeier, p. 320.
7. Procopius, Secret History, 1.1–1.2, 9.15.
8. Ibid., 9.27–30.
9. James Stevenson, ed., Creeds, Councils and Controversies (1966), p. 337.
10. Sevetus of AFAshmunein, History of the Patriarchs of the Coptic Church of Alexandria, trans. B. Evens (1904), Chapter 13; Antigone Samellas, Death in the Eastern Mediterranean (50-600 a.d.) (2002), p. 41 n. 77.
11. Fred Blume, trans., Annotated Justinian Code (2008), 5.4.
12. Gregory, pp. 124–126.
13. Blume, 1.14.
14. Ibid., 1.1.
15. Quoted in Sara Rappe, Reading Neoplatonism (2000), p. 197.
Глава 29. Мор
1. al-Tabari, History, vol. 5, pp. 148–149, 398.
2. Procopius, Secret History, 13.32.
3. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1, 1.24.
4. Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, pp. 340–341.
5. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 1, 1.24.
6. Ibid., 1.24.
7. Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, pp. 344–345.
8. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 7 (1940), l.i.
9. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 2, 3.20.
10. Pohl, «The Vandals», pp. 44–45; Collins, pp. 38–39.
11. Gregory, p. 121; Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 3, 5.3.
12. Cassiodorus, p. 444.
13. Gregory, p. 136; Bury, History of the Later Roman Empire, vol. 1, pp. 394–395.
14. Collins (1999), p. 198; Burns, pp. 206–207.
15. Procopius, History of the Wars and Buildings, vol. 3, 6.6.
16. al-Tabari, History, vol. 5, p. 158.
17. Ehsan Yarshater, ed., The Cambridge History of Iran (1983), p. 155.
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