Мередит Бруссард - Искусственный интеллект [Пределы возможного] [litres]

Vlasic, Bill, and Neal E. Boudette. “Self-Driving Tesla Was Involved in Fatal Crash, U. S. Says.” New York Times , June 30, 2016. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/01/business/self-driving-tesla-fatal-crash-investigation.html.

Waite, Matt. “Announcing Politifact.” MattWaite.com(blog), August 22, 2007. http://www.mattwaite.com/posts/2007/aug/22/announcing-politifact/.

Wästlund, Erik, Henrik Reinikka, Torsten Norlander, and Trevor Archer. “Effects of VDT and Paper Presentation on Consumption and Production of Information: Psychological and Physiological Factors.” Computers in Human Behavior 21, no. 2 (March 2005): 377‒394. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2004.02.007.

Weizenbaum, Joseph. “Eliza,” n. d. http://www.atariarchives.org/bigcomputergames/showpage.php?page=23.

Williams, Joan C. “The 5 Biases Pushing Women Out of STEM.” Harvard Business Review , March 24, 2015. https://hbr.org/2015/03/the-5-biases-pushing-women-out-of-stem.

Wolfram, Stephen. “Farewell, Marvin Minsky (1927‒2016).” Stephen Wolfram (blog), January 26, 2016. http://blog.stephenwolfram.com/2016/01/farewell-marvin-minsky-19272016/.

Yoshida, Junko. “Nvidia Outpaces Intel in Robo-Car Race.” EE Times , October 11, 2017. https://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1332425.

Zook, Matthew, Solon Barocas, danah boyd, Kate Crawford, Emily Keller, Seeta Peña Gangadharan, Alyssa Goodman, et al. “Ten Simple Rules for Responsible Big Data Research.” Edited by Fran Lewitter. PLOS Computational Biology 13, no. 3 (March 30, 2017): e1005399. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005399.

Turner, From Counterculture to Cyberculture.

Brand, “We Owe It All to the Hippies.”

Science Technology Engineering And Math (STEM) – аббревиатура, обозначающая технические специальности, в которых традиционно наблюдался гендерный перевес. – Прим. пер.

В России выходит на канале НТВ под названием «Своя игра». – Прим. ред.

Dreyfus, What Computers Still Can’t Do.

Керниган Б. Ритчи Д. Язык программирования С. – М.: Вильямс, 2009.

Weizenbaum, “Eliza.”

Cerulo, Never Saw It Coming .

Miner et al., “Smartphone-Based Conversational Agents and Responses to Questions about Mental Health, Interpersonal Violence, and Physical Health.”

Bonnington, “Tacocopter.”

Silver et al., “Mastering the Game of Go with Deep Neural Networks and Tree Search,” 484.

Turing, “Computing Machinery and Intelligence.”

Searle, “Artificial Intelligence and the Chinese Room.”

Cox, Bloch, and Carter, “All of Inflation’s Little Parts.”

Hart, Robbins, and Teegardin, “How the Doctors & Sex Abuse Project Came About.”

Kestin and Maines, “Cops Hitting the Brakes – New Data Show Excessive Speeding Dropped 84 % since Investigation.”

Kunerth, “Any Way You Look at It, Florida Is the State of Weird.”

Pierson et al., “A Large-Scale Analysis of Racial Disparities in Police Stops across the United States.”

Angwin et al., “Machine Bias.”

Meyer, Precision Journalism, 14.

Lewis, “Journalism in an Era of Big Data”; Diakopoulos, “Accountability in Algorithmic Decision Making”; Houston, Computer-Assisted Reporting ; Houston and Investigative Reporters and Editors, Inc., The Investigative Reporter’s Handbook .

Holovaty, “A Fundamental Way Newspaper Sites Need to Change.”

Waite, “Announcing Politifact.”

Holovaty, “In Memory of Chicagocrime.org.”

Daniel and Flew, “The Guardian Reportage of the UK MP Expenses Scandal”; Flew et al., “The Promise of Computational Journalism.”

Valentino-DeVries, Singer-Vine, and Soltani, “Websites Vary Prices, Deals Based on Users’ Information.”

Diakopoulos, “Algorithmic Accountability.”

Anderson, “Towards a Sociology of Computational and Algorithmic Journalism”; Schudson, “Four Approaches to the Sociology of News.”

Usher, Interactive Journalism .

Royal, “The Journalist as Programmer.”

Hamilton, Democracy’s Detectives.

Arthur, “Analysing Data Is the Future for Journalists, Says Tim Berners-Lee.”

Silver, The Signal and the Noise.

Министр образования США

Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA). – Прим. пер.

Lane, “What the AP U. S. History Fight in Colorado Is Really About.”

Broussard, “Why E-books Are Banned in My Digital Journalism Class”; Wästlund et al., “Effects of VDT and Paper Presentation on Consumption and Production of Information”; Noyes and Garland, “VDT versus Paper-Based Text”; Morineau et al., “The Emergence of the Contextual Role of the E-book in Cognitive Processes through an Ecological and Functional Analysis”; Noyes and Garland, “Computervs. Paper-Based Tasks”; Keim, “Why the Smart Reading Device of the Future May Be… Paper.”

Ames, “Translating Magic.”

Kraemer, Dedrick, and Sharma, “One Laptop per Child”; Purington, “One Laptop per Child.”

Broussard, “Why Poor Schools Can’t Win at Standardized Testing.”

School District of Philadelphia, “Budget Adoption Fiscal Year 2016–2017.”

Christian and Cabell, Initial Investigation into the Psychoacoustic Properties of Small Unmanned Aerial System Noise.

Martinez, “‘Drone Slayer’ Claims Victory in Court.”

Vincent, “Twitter Taught Microsoft’s AI Chatbot to Be a Racist Asshole in Less than a Day.”

Plautz, “Hitchhiking Robot Decapitated in Philadelphia.”

Unless otherwise indicated, quotes from Minsky in this section are taken from Minsky, “Web of Stories Interview.”

Brand, The Media Lab; Levy, Hackers.

Dormehl, “Why John Sculley Doesn’t Wear an Apple Watch (and Regrets Booting Steve Jobs).”

Lewis, “Rise of the Fembots”; LaFrance, “Why Do So Many Digital Assistants Have Feminine Names?”

Автор ссылается на «объединителей», социальных акторов, упомянутых Малкольмом Гладуэллом в книге «Переломный момент». – Прим. пер.

Long Now Foundation – долгосрочная культурная инициатива, противопоставляющая себя «быстрой и дешевой» культуре и стоящая на идеях развития долгосрочной ответственности. – Прим. пер .

Hillis, “Radioactive Skeleton in Marvin Minsky’s Closet.”

Alba, “Chicago Uber Driver Charged with Sexual Abuse of Passenger”; Fowler, “Reflecting on One Very, Very Strange Year at Uber”; Isaac, “How Uber Deceives the Authorities Worldwide.”

Copeland, “Summing Up Alan Turing.”

“The Leibniz Step Reckoner and Curta Calculators – CHM Revolution.”

Kroeger, The Suffragents; Shetterly, Hidden Figures; Grier, When Computers Were Human.

Wolfram, “Farewell, Marvin Minsky (1927–2016).”

Alcor Life Extension Foundation, “Official Alcor Statement Concerning Marvin Minsky.”

Brand, “We Are As Gods.”

Turner, From Counterculture to Cyberculture.

Brand, “We Are As Gods.”

Hafner, The Well.

От названия сабреддита r/TheRedPill, посвященного «правам мужчин». – Прим. науч. ред.

Borsook, Cyberselfish, 15.

Barlow, “A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace.”

Thiel, “The Education of a Libertarian.”

Taplin, Move Fast and Break Things.

Slovic, The Perception of Risk; Slovic and Slovic, Numbers and Nerves; Kahan et al., “Culture and Identity-Protective Cognition.”

Leslie et al., “Expectations of Brilliance Underlie Gender Distributions across Academic Disciplines,” 262.

Bench et al., “Gender Gaps in Overestimation of Math Performance,” 158. Also См. Feltman, “Men (on the Internet) Don’t Believe Sexism Is a Problem in Science, Even When They См. Evidence”; Williams, “The 5 Biases Pushing Women Out of STEM”; Turban, Freeman, and Waber, “A Study Used Sensors to Show That Men and Women Are Treated Differently at Work”; Moss-Racusin, Molenda, and Cramer, “Can Evidence Impact Attitudes?”; Cohoon, Wu, and Chao, “Sexism: Toxic to Women’s Persistence in CSE Doctoral Programs.”

Natanson, “A Sort of Everyday Struggle.”

См. https://xkcd.com/1425, and note that the hidden text on the online version of the comic refers to a famous anecdote about Marvin Minsky.

Solon, “Roomba Creator Responds to Reports of ‘Poopocalypse.’”

И то и другое на английском именуется cells. – Прим. ред .

Busch, “A Dozen Ways to Get Lost in Translation”; van Dalen, “The Algorithms behind the Headlines”; ACM Computing Curricula Task Force, Computer Science Curricula 2013.