Тилар Маццео - Дети Ирены. Драматическая история женщины, спасшей 2500 детей из варшавского гетто

44Louis Bülow, «Irena Sendler: An Unsung Heroine», www.auschwitz.dk/sendler.htm.

45Пересказ отчета польского Министерства информации, The German Invasion of Poland , London: Hutchinson & Co. Ltd., 1940, выдержки на felsztyn.tripod.com/germaninvasion/id1.html.

46Barré and Mozolewska, Elle, elle a sauvé les autres.

47Современный отчет о нападении на Варшаву от выжившего очевидца и участника «Жеготы», см. Władysław Bartoszewski, 1859 Dni Warszawy , Kracow: Wydawnictwo Znak, 1974.

48Ellen Land-Weber, «Conditions for the Jews in Poland», To Save a Life: Stories of Holocaust Rescue, Humboldt State University, www2.humboldt.edu/rescuers/book/Makuch/conditionsp.html.

49«Irena Sendler Award for Repairing the World», program description, Centrum Edukacji Obywatelskiej, www.ceo.org.pl/pl/sendler/news/program-description.

50«Poles: Victims of the Nazi Era: Terror Against the Intelligents and Clergy,» United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, www.ushmm.org/learn/students/learning-materials-and-resources/poles-victims-of-the-nazi-era/terror-against-the-intelligentsia-and-clergy.

51Mieszkowska, Irena Sendler: Mother of the Children of the Holocaust, 26.

52«Life and Activity of Helena Twóczość Radlińskie», http://sciaga.pl/tekst/69744–70-zycie_twoczosc_i_dzialalnosc_heleny radlinskiej. См. также Zofia Waleria Stelmaszuk, «Residential Care in Poland: Past, Present, and Future», International Journal of Family and Child Welfare , 2002/3, 101.

53Thomas Hammarberg, «2007 Janusz Korczak Lecture: Children Participation», Brussels: Commissioner for Human Rights/Council of Europe, 2007.rm.coe.int/CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/DisplayDCTMContent?documentId=09 0000168046c47b. См. также Bogusław Filipowicz, «Nadzieja spełniona: dzieło Ireny Sendlerowej w ratowaniu dzieci żydowskich», Quarterly Research 1, no. 1 (2010), www.stowarzyszeniefidesetratio.pl/Presentations0/09Flipipowicz.pdf.

54Antoni Zygmund, «Aleksander Rajchman», Wiadomości Matematyczne 27 (1987), 219–231, выдержки на www.impan.pl/Great/Rajchman.

55Ewa Kurek, Your Life Is Worth Mine: How Polish Nuns Saved Hundreds of Jewish Children in German-Occupied Poland, 1939–1944 , New York: Hippocrene Books, 1997, 17, 45.

56Личная переписка.

57Kurek, Your Life Is Worth Mine , 18.

58Laura Jockusch and Tamar Lewinsky, «Paradise Lost? Postwar Memory of Polish Jewish Survival in the Soviet Union», Holocaust and Genocide Studies 24, no. 3 (Winter 2010): 373–399.

59Kurek, Your Life Is Worth Mine, 17.

60Ibid, 18.

61Internetowy Polski Słownik Biograficzny, «Helena Radlińska», www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/index.php/a/helena-radlinska.

62Grochowska, «Lista Sendlerowej».

63Government Delegation for Poland, Department of the Interior, folder 202/II‑43, reprinted in Krzysztof Komorowski, Polityka i walka: Konspiracja zbrojna ruchu narodowego, 1939–1945, Warsaw: Oficyna Wydawnicza «Rytm», 2000.

64Stelmaszuk, «Residential Care in Poland».

65Jan Dobraczyński, личный дневник, 1945; собственность Мирославы Палашевской, личная беседа.

66Tadeusz Cegielski, «Liberum Conspiro, or the Polish Masonry between the Dictatorship and Totalitarianism, 1926–1989», Le Communisme et les Elites en Europe Centrale, March 31, 2004, Ecole Normale Superieure, colloquium presentation, www1.ens.fr/europecentrale/colloque elites2004/4Documents/Resumes/Cegielski_resum.htm.

67«Jadwiga Maria Jуzefa Piotrowska», Geni database, www.geni.com/people/Jadwiga-Piotrowska/6000000015472386167.

68Museum of the History of Polish Jews, 2010, «The Stolarski Family», Polscy Sprawiedliwi (Polish Righteous), www.sprawiedliwi.org.pl/en/family/123, the-stolarski-family/; см. также «Jо́zef Dubniak», Museum of the Polish Uprising, www.1944.pl/historia/powstancze-biogramy/Jо́zef_Dubniak.

69Irena Sendler, «O Pomocy Zydom».

70Ibid. См. также Barré and Mozolewska, Elle, elle a sauvé les autres.

71Museum of the History of Polish Jews, 2010 «Irena Sendler», Polscy Sprawiedliwi (Polish Righteous), www.sprawiedliwi.org.pl/en/cms/biography‑83/.

72Yisrael Gutman, Ina Friedman, The Jews of Warsaw, 1939–1943: Ghetto, Underground, Revolt , Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989, 28.

73Leni Yahil, The Holocaust: The Fate of European Jewry, 1932–1945, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991, 169.

74Yad Vashem, This Month in Holocaust History, «Warsaw Jews During World War II», www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/this_month/resources/warsaw.asp.

75Kawczyński and Kieszkowski, Dekret Bieruta, database, www.kodekret.pl/Dekret-Bieruta.pdf. Заключенный в 1945 году Бейрутский Декрет был попыткой вернуть в частные руки недвижимость, конфискованную во время немецкой оккупации, что сделало его важным источником информации о собственниках этих домов.

76Museum of the History of Polish Jews, 2010, «The Stolarski Family», Polscy Sprawiedliwi (Polish Righteous), www.sprawiedliwi.org.pl/en/family/123,the-stolarski-family/.

77Harrie Teunissen, «Topography of Terror: Maps of the Warsaw Ghetto», July 2011, www.siger.org/warsawghettomaps.

78Kurek, Your Life is Worth Mine, 15.

79Янина Голдхар, личная переписка; см. также Museum of the History of Polish Jews, 2010, «Maria Palester», Polscy Sprawiedliwi (Polish Righteous), www.sprawiedliwi.org.pl/en/family/434, palester-maria/; и «Irena Sendlerowa», Association of «Children of the Holocaust» in Poland, www.dzieciholocaustu.org.pl/szab58.php?s=en_sendlerowa.php.

80Museum of the History of Polish Jews, 2010, «Maria Palester», Polscy Sprawiedliwi (Polish Righteous), www.sprawiedliwi.org.pl/en/family/434, palester-maria/.

81«Spiritual Resistance in the Ghettos», Holocaust Encyclopedia, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php? ModuleId=10005416.

82Emanuel Ringelblum, qtd. Monica Whitlock, «Warsaw Ghetto: The Story of Its Secret Archive», January 27, 2013, British Broadcasting Corporation, www.bbc.com/news/magazine‑21178079.

83Władysław Bartoszewski, The Warsaw Ghetto: A Christian’s Testimony, перевод Stephen J. Cappellari, Boston: Beacon Press, 1987.

84Ringelblum, Notes from the Warsaw Ghetto, 228–229. См. также Stanislaw Adler, In the Warsaw Ghetto: 1940–1943, An Account of a Witness , перевод Sara Philip, Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 1982.

85«Warsaw», Holocaust Encyclopedia , United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php? ModuleId=10005069. Исторические описания Варшавы в этих эпизодах взяты из следующих дополнительных источников: Karol Mо́rawski, Warszawa Dzieje Miasta , Warsaw: Wydanictwo KxiąŽka i Wiedza, 1976; Robert Marcinkowski, Warsaw, Then and Now , Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Mazowsze, 2011; Olgierd Budrewicz, Warszawa w Starej Fotografii , Olszanica: Wydawnictwo Bosz, 2012.

86Ringelblum, Notes from the Warsaw Ghetto , 228–229.

87«Nożyk Synagogue, Twarda Street 6», Virtual Shtetl, www.sztetl.org.pl/en/article/warszawa/11, synagogues-prayer-houses-and-others/5, nozyk-synagogue-twarda-street‑6/.

88Naomi Baumslag, Murderous Medicine: Nazi Doctors, Human Experimentation, and Typhus, Santa Barbara: Praeger, 2005, 107.

89Michael A. Grodin, ed., Jewish Medical Resistance in the Holocaust , New York: Berghahn, 2014, 70.

90Commission of History at the Polish Nurses’ Association, «The Nursing School at the Orthodox Jew Hospital at Czyste District in Warsaw», Virtual Museum of Polish Nursing, www.wmpp.org.pl/en/nursing-schools/the-nursing-school-at-the-orthodox-jew-hospital-at-czyste-district-in-warsaw.html.

91 The Einsatzgruppen Reports , eds. Yitzhak Arad, Shmuel Krakowski, Shmuel Spector, Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 1989.

92«Mlawa Societies in Israel and in the Diaspora», Jewish Mlawa: Its History, Development, Destruction , ed. and trans. David Shtokfish, Tel Aviv, 1984, 2 vols., www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/mlawa /mla449.html, особенно глава «Modern Times». См. также Jonas Turkow, Ala Gо`lomb Grynberg: La Heroica Enfermera del Ghetto de Varsovia, перевод. Elena Pertzovsky de Bronfman, Buenos Aires: Ejecutivo Sudamericano del Congreso Judo Mundial, 1970.

93Irena Sendler, «Youth Associations of the Warsaw Ghetto».

94Ibid.

95Ibid.

96Samuel Kassow, translated and co-edited by David Suchoff, In Those Nightmarish Days: The Ghetto Reportage of Peretz Opoczynski and Josef Zelkowicz, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2015.

97Bartoszewski, The Warsaw Ghetto.

98«Irena Sendler», Association «Children of the Holocaust» in Poland.

99Bartoszewski, The Warsaw Ghetto , 9.

100State University of New York at Buffalo/Jagiellonian University, «Slow Extermination: Life and Death in the Warsaw Ghetto», Info Poland , http://info-poland.buffalo.edu/web/histoкy/WWII/ghetto/slow.html.

101Ringelblum, Notes from the Warsaw Ghetto , 39.

102Sendler, «Youth Associations of the Warsaw Ghetto».

103Ringelblum, Notes from the Warsaw Ghetto. См. также Virtual Shtetl, «Janusz Korczak’s Orphanage in Warsaw», перевод. Ewelina Gadomska, www.sztetl.org.pl/en/article/warszawa/39, heritage-sites/3518, janusz-korczak-s-orphanage-in-warsaw‑92-krochmalna-street-until‑1940-/.

104Ringelblum, Notes from the Warsaw Ghetto , 249. На тему архивов, хранившихся в гетто Рингельблюмом и его соратниками, см. The Warsaw Ghetto: Oyneg Shabes – Ringelblum Archives: Catalogy and Guide , eds. Robert Moses Shapiro and Tadeusz Epsztein, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2009.

105Grodin, Jewish Medical Resistance . См. также Barbara Gуra, «Anna Braude Hellerowa», Warsaw: Association of «Children of the Holocaust» in Poland, 2011, 38–39.

106Norman Ravvin, «Singing at the Café: Vera Gran’s Postwar Trials», Canadian Jewish News, January 13, 2015, www.cjnews.com/books-and-authors/singing-caf%C3%A9-sztuka-vera-gran%E2%80%99s-postwar-trials.

107Agata Tuszynska, Vera Gran: The Accused , New York: Knopf, 2013, 68, 71.

108Dan Kurzman, The Bravest Battle: The 28 Days of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising , Boston: Da Capo Press, 1993, 5.

109Sendler, «Youth Associations of the Warsaw Ghetto».

110Ibid. См. также Marian Apfelbaum, Two Flags: Return to the Warsaw Ghetto, Jerusalem: Gefen Publishing House, 2007, 49.

111Aniela Uziembło, «Jо́zef Zysman», Gazeta Stołeczna, no. 141, June 20, 2005, 9; Grochowska, «Lista Sendlerowej».

112Katarzyna Person, «A Forgotten Voice from the Holocaust», Warsaw Voice , March 31, 2011, www.warsawvoice.pl/WVpage/pages/article.php/23365/article.

113Yad Vashem, This Month in Holocaust History, «Judischer Ordnungsdienst», www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/this_month/resources/jewish_police.asp.