Питер Сингер - Освобождение животных [litres]

R. Newberry, J. Hunt, and E. Gardiner, «Light Intensity Effects on Performance, Activity, Leg Disorders, and Sudden Death Syndrome of Roaster Chickens», Poultry Science 66: 1446–1450 (1987).

Poultry World , June 14, 1984.

См. упомянутые в примечании 15 работы Riddell and Springer и Steele and Edgar.

D. Wise and A. Jennings, «Dyschondroplasia in Domestic Poultry», Veterinary Record 91: 285–286 (1972).

G. Carpenter et al., «Effect of Internal Air Filtration on the Performance of Broilers and the Aerial Concentrations of Dust and Bacteria», British Poultry Journal 27: 471–480 (1986).

«Air in Your Shed a Risk to Your Health», Poultry Digest , December/January 1988.

The Washington Times , October 22,1987.

Broiler Industry , December 1987, и Hippocrates , September/October 1988. Пердью в одном из писем мне самолично подтвердил, что обрезает цыплятам клювы. См. также социальную рекламу организации Animal Rights International: «Frank, are you telling the truth about your chickens?» , New York Times, October 20, 1989, p. A17.

F. Proudfoot, H. Hulan, and D. Ramey, «The Effect of Four Stocking Densities on Broiler Carcass Grade, the Incidence of Breast Blisters, and Other Performance Traits», Poultry Science 58: 791–793 (1979).

Turkey World , November/December 1986.

Poultry Tribune , January 1974.

Farmer and Stockbreeder , January 30, 1982; цитируется по Ruth Harrison, Animal Machines , p. 50.

Feedstuffs , July 25, 1983.

American Agriculturist , July 1966.

Статистические данные Министерства сельского хозяйства США показывают, что в 1986 году поголовье кур-несушек в коммерческом производстве достигало 246 миллионов. Учитывая, что соотношение самцов и самок в выводке составляет в среднем один к одному и каждая птица заменяется примерно каждые полтора года, приведенные здесь оценки представляются минимальными.

American Agriculturist , March 1967.

Upstate , August 5, 1973, report by Mary Rita Kiereck.

National Geographic Magazine , February 1970.

Poultry Tribune , February 1974.

Federal Register , December 24, 1971, p. 24–26.

Poultry Tribune , November 1986

First report from the Agriculture Committee, House of Commons, 1980–1981, Animal Welfare in Poultry, Pig and Veal Production (London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1981), paragraph 150.

B. M. Freeman, «Floor Space Allowance for the Caged Domestic Fowl», The Veterinary Record , June 11, 1983, p. 562–563.

Poultry Tribune , March 1987, p. 30; «Swiss Federal Regulations on Animal Protection», May 29, 1981.

Информация о Нидерландах предоставлена организацией Compassion in World Farming и посольством Нидерландов в Лондоне. (См. также Farmer’s Guardian , September 29, 1989.) О Швеции см. Steve Lohr, «Swedish Farm Animals Get a New Bill of Rights», The New York Times , October 25, 1988.

Poultry Tribune , March 1987.

European Parliament, Session 1986/7, Minutes of Proceedings of the Sitting of 20 February 1987, Document A2-211/86.

Poultry Tribune , November 1986.

Upstate , August 5, 1973.

Animal Liberation (Victoria) Newsletter, May 1988 and February 1989.

Roy Bedichek, Adventures with a Naturalist , цитируется по Ruth Harrison, Animal Machines , p. 154.

Upstate , August 5, 1973.

Der Spiegel , 1980, no. 47, p. 264; цитируется в Intensive Egg and Chicken Production , Chickens’ Lib (Huddersfield, U.K.).

I. Duncan and V. Kite, «Some Investigations into Motivation in the Domestic Fowl», Applied Animal Behaviour Science 18: 387–388 (1987).

New Scientist , January 30,1986, p. 33, статья об исследовании H. Huber, D. Fölsch, U. Stahli, опубликованном в British Poultry Science 26: 367 (1985).

A. Black and B. Hughes, «Patterns of Comfort Behaviour and Activity in Domestic Fowls: A Comparison Between Cages and Pens», British Veterinary Journal 130: 23–33 (1974).

D. van Liere and S. Bokma, «Short-term Feather Maintenance as a Function of Dust-bathing in Laying Hens», Applied Animal Behaviour Science 18: 197–204 (1987).

H. Simonsen, K. Vestergaard, and P. Willeberg, «Effect of Floor Type and Density on the Integument of Egg Layers», Poultry Science 59: 2202–2206 (1980).

K. Vestergaard, «Dustbathing in the Domestic Fowl – Diurnal Rhythm and Dust Deprivation», Applied Animal Behaviour Science 17: 380 (1987).

H. Simonsen, K. Vestergaard, and P. Willeberg, «Effect of Floor Type and Density on the Integument of Egg Layers».

J. Bareham, «A Comparison of the Behaviour and Production of Laying Hens in Experimental and Conventional Battery Cages», Applied Animal Ethology 2: 291–303 (1976).

J. Craig, T. Craig, and A. Dayton, «Fearful Behavior by Caged Hens of Two Genetic Stocks», Applied Animal Ethology 10: 263–273 (1983).

M. Dawkins, «Do Hens Suffer in Battery Cages? Environmental Preferences and Welfare», Applied Animal Behaviour 25: 1034–1046 (1977). См. также M. Dawkins, Animal Suffering: The Science of Animal Welfare (London: Chapman and Hall, 1980), chapter 7.

Plain Truth (Pasadena, California), March 1973.

C. E. Ostrander and R. J. Young, «Effects of Density on Caged Layers», New York Food and Life Sciences 3 (3) (1970).

U.K. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Poultry Technical Information Booklet No. 13; цитируется по Intensive Egg and Chicken Production , Chickens’ Lib (Huddersfield, U.K.).

Poultry Tribune , March 1974.

Ian Duncan, «Can the Psychologist Measure Stress?» New Scientist , October 18, 1973.

R. Dunbar, «Farming Fit for Animals», New Scientist , March 29, 1984, p. 12–15; D. Wood-Gush, «The Attainment of Humane Housing for Farm Livestock», in M. Fox and L. Mickley, eds., Advances in Animal Welfare Science (Washington, D.C.: Humane Society of the United States, 1985).

Farmer’s Weekly , November 7,1961, цитируется по Ruth Harrison, Animal Machines, p. 97.

R. Dantzer and P. Mormede, «Stress in Farm Animals: A Need for Reevaluation», Journal of Animal Science 57: 6–18 (1983).

D. Wood-Gush and R. Beilharz, «The Enrichment of a Bare Environment for Animals in Confined Conditions», Applied Animal Ethology 20: 209–217 (1983).

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Fact Sheet: Swine Management, AFS-3-8-12, Department of Agriculture, Office of Governmental and Public Affairs, Washington, D.C.

F. Butler, цитируется в John Robbins, Diet for a New America (Walpole, N.H.: Stillpoint, 1987), p. 90.

D. Fraser, «The Role of Behaviour in Swine Production: a Review of Research», Applied Animal Ethology 11: 332 (1984).

D. Fraser, «Attraction to Blood as a Factor in Tail Biting by Pigs», Applied Animal Behaviour Science 17: 61–68 (1987).

Farm Journal , May 1974.

Обзор исследований по теме см. в Michael W. Fox, Farm Animals: Husbandry, Behavior, Veterinary Practice (University Park Press, 1984), p. 126.

Farmer and Stockbreeder, January 22, 1963; цитируется по Ruth Harrison, Animal Machines , p. 95.

«Swine Production Management», Hubbard Milling Company, Mankato, Minnesota, 1984.

William Robbins, «Down on the Superfarm: Bigger Share of Profits», The New York Times , August 4, 1987.

Feedstuffs , January 6, 1986, p. 6.

Hog Farm Management , December 1975, p. 16.

Bob Frase, цитируется в Orville Schell, Modern Meat (New York: Random House, 1984), p. 62.

Farmer and Stockbreeder , July 11, 1961; цитируется в Ruth Harrison, Animal Machines , p. 148.

J. Messersmith, цитируется в J. Robbins, Diet for a New America , p. 84.

Agscene (Petersfield, Hampshire, England), June 1987, p. 9.

Farm Journal , March 1973.

«Mechanical Sow Keeps Hungry Piglets Happy», The Western Producer , April 11, 1985.

National Hog Farmer , March 1978, p. 27.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Fact Sheet: Swine Management, AFS-3-8-12, Department of Agriculture, Office of Governmental and Public Affairs, Washington, D.C.