Яков Аракин - Практический курс английского языка 2 курс

Then before going to bed, they may have a light snack or supper — е.g. a cup of hot milk

with a sandwich or biscuit.

The evening meal as we have said already goes under various names: tea, "high tea", dinner

or supper depending upon its size and also the social standing of those eating it.

35 the Continent (remember the capital letter and the article): the mainland of Europe, as distinct from the British Isles (the name is

used by the British)

(See: Potter S. Everyday English for Foreign Students. Lnd., 1963}

TEXT В. AT TABLE

N i с к : I say, mum, I'm terribly hungry. I haven't had a thing all day. I could do with a

snack.

M o t h e r : Why, you're just in time for dinner.

N i с к : No soup for me. I'd rather have beefsteak.

M o t h e r : Are you quite sure you wouldn't like some soup? It tastes all right.

N i c k : There is nothing like steak and chips. I'll go and wash my hands.

M o t h e r : How's the steak? I'm afraid it's underdone.

N i c k : Oh, it's done to a turn, just to my liking. I don't like meat overdone. May I have

another helping of chips?

M o t h e r : Yes, certainly. Hand me your plate, please, and help yourself to the salad.

Just to see how it tastes.

N i c k : Oh, it's delicious.

M o t h e r : Shall I put some mustard on your steak?

N i c k : No, thanks, I don't care for mustard. I'd rather take a spoonful of sauce. Pass me

the sauce, please.

M o t h e r : Here you are. Oh, isn't there a smell of something burning?

N i с к : So there is.

M o t h e r : I've left the layer-cake in the oven.

N i c k : For goodness' sake get it out quick.

M o t h e r ( coming back): Oh, Nick! How awkward of you to have spilt the sauce over

the table-cloth. Get a paper napkin from the sideboard and cover it up.

N i c k : I'm terribly sorry. I was quite upset about my favourite cake getting spoiled.

M o t h e r : Don't worry. Here it is, brown and crisp on the outside. What will you have,

tea or coffee?

N i с к : A cup of tea.

M o t h e r : Any milk? Shall I put butter on your bread?

N i c k : No, thanks. I can't see the sugar-basin.

M o t h e r : It's behind the bread-plate. Have a better look.

N i c k : I'm afraid it's the salt-cellar.

M o t h e r : So it is. In my hurry I must have left it in the dresser.

N i c k : It's all right I'll get it myself.

M o t h e r : Help yourself to the cake. There's nothing else to follow.

N i c k : I've had a delicious meal.

TEXT С. IN THE DINING-HALL

— Let's go to the dining-hall. We haven't much time left, but we'll manage it all right if you

hurry. You take a place in the queue and I'll see what we can get for dinner.

— All right. What is on the menu?

— Cabbage soup with meat, chicken soup with noodles and pea soup.

— I don't know whether I'll have any. What have they got for seconds?

— Fried fish and mashed potatoes, beefsteak, bacon and eggs.

— And for dessert?

— A lot of things. We can have stewed fruit or cranberry jelly or strawberries and cream.

— Then, I'll take cabbage soup with sour cream and... Well, and what about some starter?

We've completely forgotten about it.

— As we are in a hurry I believe we can do without it. I never thought you were a big eater.

— Neither did I. But I wouldn't mind having something substantial now.

— So we'll take one cucumber salad and one tomato salad. That'll do for the time being. I

think I can manage a bit of fish-jelly as well and then chicken soup with noodles. That'll be fine.

ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY (II)36

Words

bacon n

napkin n

snack n

biscuit n

noodle soup n

sociable adj

bread-plate n

omelet (te) n

sour cream n

chips n

pastry n

starter n

cornflakes n

pepper-box (pot) n

(beef) steak n

cream n

porridge n

stewed fruit n

fruit juice n

poultry n

sugar-basin n

jelly n

pudding n

sweet n

jug n

roast beef n

table-cloth n

marmalade n

salt-cellar n

toast n

mustard-pot n

sauce-boat n

Word Combinations

to boil meat (potatoes, cabbage,

to fry bacon, eggs, potatoes,

eggs, water, milk, etc)

fish (cod, perch, pike, had

to stew fruit (vegetables, meat)

dock, trout, salmon)

crust of bread

to taste good (bad, deli-

to sit at table (having a meal)

cious, etc.)

(cf.: to sit at the table writing

to be done to a turn (over

a letter, etc.)

done, underdone)

to have (take) smth. for dinner

crisp toast

(for the first, second course,

to help oneself to smth.

or dessert)

to pass smth. to smb,

to butter one's bread (roll, etc.)

to dine in (out)

to have a snack (a bite of food)

it's to my liking

to have another helping of smth.

there's nothing like ice

to roast meat (mutton, pork,

cream (steak, etc.)

beef), fowl (chicken, duck,

there's nothing else coming

goose, turkey), potatoes

for a change

Study the meanings and use of these items of your Essential Vocabulary:

1. Food and Meal. Foodis a general term for anything that people eat: bread, meat, fish,

vegetables, fruit, milk, tinned goods, sweets, etc.

е.g. Man cannot live without food. The doctor said that the patient needed good nourishing

food. Where do you buy your food?

Mealis a generalizing collective term for breakfast, lunch, tea, dinner and supper (cf. the

Russian arch, трапеза).

е.g. How many meals a day do you have? Supper is an evening meal. I don't want any hot

meal; I think I'll do with a snack.

36 Compare Essential Vocabulary given in this lesson with the first-year vocabulary on the same topic.

2. Courseis a dish served at a meal; a part of a meal served at one time.

е.g. Dinner may consist of two or more courses. What shall we take for our second course?

Soup was followed by a fish course.

3. To fry, to roast, to stew. To fry means "to cook (or be cooked) in boiling fat". We

usually fry fish, potatoes, eggs, bacon, pancakes, etc.

To roastmeans "to cook (or be cooked) in an oven or over an open fire." In this way we may

cook meat (veal, pork), fowl (chicken, turkey), etc.

To stewmeans "to cook by slow boiling in a closed pan with little water." In this way meat

may be cooked, also vegetables, fruit, etc.

4. Starter (pl -s) is a dish served before or at the beginning of a meal (it may be salad, fish,

olives, soup, fruit juice, etc.) Hors d'oeuvre (pl -s) is usually used on menucards.

5. Omeletteis eggs beaten together with milk and fried or baked in a pan. The English for

яичница is "fried eggs". We eat fried eggs, soft-boiled eggs, hard-boiled eggs, scrambled eggs,

poached eggs, four-minute boiled eggs.

6. Porridgeis a dish of oatmeal or other meal (buckwheat, semolina, millet, etc.) boiled in

some water. Milk and sugar or milk and salt are added to it.

7. Toastis sliced bread made brown and crisp on the outside by heating in a toaster. Toast is

placed on a toastrack.

8. Chipsare fried pieces of potato, often eaten with fried fish.

9. Soft and strong drinksпрохладительные и крепкие напитки.

Soft drinksare lemonade, fruit drinks, fruit juice, etc. Strong drinksare wine, liqueurs,

brandy, vodka, etc .

10. Jellyis usually made by boiling fruit (cranberries, strawberries, raspberries,

gooseberries, currants, apricots, etc.) and sugar. Something is added to make the mixture stiff.

11. Marmaladeis a kind of jam made from orange or lemon cut up and boiled with sugar.

12. Puddingis a very popular English dish. It is a thick mixture of flour, suet, meat, fruit,

etc., cooked by boiling, steaming or baking. There are many kinds of pudding. Some of them are

quite substantial and serve as the main course of lunch or dinner. Others are rather like sweet cake

and eaten for dessert.

EXERCISES

I. Study Text A and a) spell and transcribe English equivalents of the following:

(первый) завтрак, каша, корнфлекс, бекон, тост, мармелад, сок, достаточный, пудинг,

компот; основательная (еда), ростбиф, омлет, сосиски, сухое печенье.

b) give the four forms of the following verbs:

eat, fry, roast, accompany, fill, bring.

c) explain the meaning of the following phrases:

a full meal, plain food, a sociable time, a housekeeping budget, to go under various names,

social standing.

II. Try your hand at teaching:

A. Preparation.Write 15 questions about Text A. See to it that a word or phrase from Ex. I

is used either in each of your questions or in answers to them.

B. Work in Class.Ask your questions in class and correct the students' mistakes (see

"Classroom English", Sections I, II, III, VIII, IX).37

37 One of the students may ask questions, another correct the mistakes after each question and answer

III. Study Texts В and С and

a) explain the meaning of:

delicious (about food), layer-cake, oven, napkin, a big eater, done to a turn, seconds.

b) give the Infinitive oft

overdone, spilt, upset, mashed, stewed.

IV. a) Give a summary of Text В in reported speech.

Example: Text С is a talk between two friends in the dining hall of their Institute. They

seem very hungry, but they haven't got much time left before the end of the break, so one of them

stands in the line, while the other reads the menu. There is a rich choice of dishes in it but as they are

in a hurry they take only salads, fish jelly and chicken soup, which shows that they are obviously

Russians: the English are not overfond of soup, as you know.

b) Learn Text С by heart and recite it la pairs.

V. Study Essential Vocabulary II and the commentary to it and answer the

following questions:

1. What kinds of food do you know? Give as many nouns denoting food as you can. 2. What

meals do you know? 3. What dishes do you know? Give as many names of dishes as you can. 4.

What is understood by a "course"? What attributes may qualify this word? 5. What can be boiled? 6.

Do we fry meat or do we roast it? 7. What is an omelette made from? 8. What are cornflakes

generally eaten with? 9. What is the difference between fried potatoes and chips? 10. What kind of