Фрэнк Маклинн - Чингисхан. Человек, завоевавший мир

JB i. pp. 270–271; Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum I Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 180–181.

Andrew had four sons, one born posthumously. Apart from Bela (1206–1276), there was Coloman (1208–1241), who was ruler of Halych in 1214–1221 and, after 1226, governor of Slavonia; a short-lived namesake Andrew (1210–1234) and a fourth son, Stephen (1236–1272), born after King Andrew's death.

Skelton, Marston & Painter, Vinland Map pp. 80–81; Pelliot, Horde d'Or p. 153.

Skelton, Marston & Painter, Vinland Map pp. 82–83.

Peric et al, Thomas of Split, History pp. 261–273.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum,' Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 182–183.

Bretschneider, Mediaeval Researches I. p. 331; d'Ohsson, Histoire II p. 142.

For the use of firearms at Mohi see Chase, Firearms p. 58; Carey, Warfare pp. 124–128; James Riddick Partington, Greek Fire p. 250.

Strakosch-Grassmann, Mongolen in Mitteleuropa pp. 84–87; d'Ohsson, Histoire II pp. 143–144.

Bretschneider, Mediaeval Researches I pp. 331–332.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum I Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 184–185.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum I Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 184–185.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum I Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 186–187.

Peric et al, Thomas of Split, History p. 293; Laszlo Koszta, 'Un prelat francais en Hongrie: Bertalan, eveque de Pecs, 1219–1251,' Cahiers d'Etudes Hongroises 8 (1996) pp. 71–96.

Vambery, Hungary pp. 138–139.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum,' Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 188–189.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum,' Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 189–191.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum,' Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 190–191.

Jean Richard, 'Les causes des victoires mongoles d'apres les historiens orientaux du XIIIe siecle,' Central AsiaticJournal 23 (1979) pp. 104–117.

Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores 29 p. 262; Gockenjan & Sweeney, Mongolensturm p. 248; Richard, 'Les causes des victories,' loc. cit. pp. 109–110; Swietoslawski, Arms and Armour pp. 21–41, 58–61.

Jackson & Morgan, Rubruck p. 185; Pelliot, Recherches p. 154; K. Uray-Kohalmi, 'Uber die pfeifenden Pfeile der innerasiatischen Reiternomaden,' Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 3 (1953) pp. 45–71.

Liddell Hart, Great Captains Unveiled pp. 28–32.

My one criticism of the otherwise excellent Mongols and the West by Peter Jackson is that he takes all these assertions too seriously (see p. 73).

Dawson, Mongol Mission p. 46.

Buell, Dictionary p. 110.

Bretschneider, Mediaeval Researches I pp. 333–334; d'Ohsson, Histoire II p. 69.

Bretschneider, Mediaeval Researches I p. 332; Buell, Dictionary pp. 235, 258.

Bretschneider, Mediaeval Researches I p. 331.

RT II p. 519.

Liddell Hart, Great Captains Unveiled p. 30.

Rachewiltz, In the Service p. 25.

Sinor, Hungary p. 73.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum I Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 196–197.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum I Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 192–195.

Matthew Paris, Chronica Majora iv p. 114; Veszpremy & Schaer, Simon of Keza pp. 145–147; Dienst, Leitha 1246.

Gockenjan & Sweeney, Mongolensturm pp. 164–165, 244; Sinor, Hungary p. 74.

Bretschneider, Mediaeval Researches I p. 325; Bezzola, Mongolen in abendlandischer Sicht pp. 87–88.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum,' Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 206–207.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum,' Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 208–209.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum,' Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 206–207; Dawson, Mongol Mission pp. 37–38.

Bezzola, Mongolen in abendlandischer Sicht pp. 87–88.

Strakosch-Grassmann, Mongolen in Mitteleuropa pp. 20–31, 35.

Fiigedi, Castle and Society pp. 45–48.

Gerhard, Wiener Neustadt pp. 3–10.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum I Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 214–215.

d'Ohsson, Histoire II pp. 146–155.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum I Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 216–217.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum I Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 218–219.

Gockenjan & Sweeney, Mongolensturm pp. 159, 182–185.

Kahn, Secret History p. XXII.

Sinor, Hungary pp. 74–75.

Bretschneider, Mediaeval Researches I p. 325; Strakosch-Grassmann, Mongolen in Mitteleuropa pp. 166–167.

Peric et al, Thomas of Split, History p. 299.

Gockenjan & Sweeney, Mongolensturm p. 180.

Gockenjan & Sweeney, Mongolensturm pp. 181, 257–260. See also Fine, Early Medieval Balkans pp. 283–284; Fine, Late Medieval Balkans pp. 143–152.

Bretschneider, Mediaeval Researches I p. 326; Strakosch-Grassmann, Mongolen in Mitteleuropa pp. 168–173.

Budge, Chronography I p. 398.

Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores 9 p. 641.

Spuler, Goldene Horde pp. 124–126; Vasary, Cumans and Tatars p. 70.

Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores 20 p. 335; 22 p. 472; Gockenjan & Sweeney, Mongolensturm p. 266.

Berend, At the Gate pp. 37–38; Jackson, Mongols and the West p. 207.

Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores 17 p. 394; Gockenjan & Sweeney, Mongolensturm pp. 159, 182–185, 255.

Rady et al, Gesta Hungarorum,' Epistola in Miserabile Carmen pp. 220–221.

Gockenjan & Sweeney, Mongolensturm pp. 182–185, 258; Rogers, Medieval Warfare III p. 34.

Morris Rossabi, 'The Legacy of the Mongols,' in Manz, Central Asia pp. 27–44; John Masson Smith, 'Demographic Considerations in Mongol Siege Warfare,' Archivum Ottomanicum 13 (1994) pp. 323–394; James Ross Sweeney, "'Spurred on by Fear of Death",' loc. cit. pp. 34–62; Sweeney, 'Identifying the Medieval Refugee: Hungarians in Flight during the Mongol Invasions,' in Lob et al, Forms of Identity pp. 63–76.

Gregory G. Guzman, 'European Clerical Envoys to the Mongols: Reports of Western Merchants in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, 1231–1255,' Journal of Medieval History 22 (1996) pp. 53–67; cf also Olschki, Guillaume Boucher.

Jackson, Mongols in the West p. 70.

Sinor, Hungary p. 76.

Bezzola, Mongolen in abendlandischer Sicht pp. 110–113; Sinor, 'Les relations entre les Mongols et l'Europe jusqu'a la mort d'Arghoun et de Bela IV' Cahiers d'Histoire Mondiale 3 (1956) pp. 39–62 (at p. 47); Sinor, 'John of Carpini's Return from Mongolia: New light from a Luxembourg Manuscript, 'Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (1957) pp. 193–206 (at pp. 203–205); A. Paloczi-Horvath, 'L'immigration et l'etablissement des Comans en Hongrie, 'Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 29 (1975) pp. 313–333; Berend, At the Gate pp. 134–138; Anthony Luttrell, 'The Hospitallers in Hungary before 1418: Problems and Sources,' in Hunyadi & Laszlovsky, Crusades and the Military Orders pp. 269–281 (at pp. 271–272); J. Muldoon, Popes, Lawyers and Infidels pp. 59–60.

Berend, At the Gate pp. 68–73, 87–93, 97–100.

Sinor, Hungary pp. 77–78.

Vernadsky, Mongols and Russia p. 58.

Кей-Хосров II Гийас ад-Дин, султан Рума, конийский султан. — Прим. пер .

Budge, Chronography I p. 409; Cahen, Formation of Turkey pp. 70–71; Cahen, Pre-Ottoman Turkey pp. 137–138; Miller, Trebizond pp. 24–26; Bryer, Trebizond; John Masson Smith, 'Mongol Nomadism and Middle Eastern Geography: Qishlaqs and Tumens,' in Amitai-Preiss & Morgan, Mongol Empire and its Legacy pp. 39–56; Atwood, Encyclopedia p. 555.

This theory is mainly associated with Denis Sinor. See Sinor, 'The Mongols in the West,' Journal of Asian History 33 (1999) pp. 1–44; Sinor, 'Horses and Pasture,' Oriens Extremus 19 (1972) pp. 171–183; Sinor, 'Horse and Pasturage in Inner Asian History,' in his Inner Asia and its Contacts with Medieval Europe pp. 171–184 (esp. pp. 181–183).

Greg S. Rogers, 'An Examination of Historians' Explanations for the Mongol Withdrawal from East Central Europe,' East European Quarterly 30 (1996) pp. 3–26.

Kosztolnyik, Hungary p. 182.

Rachewiltz, In the Service p. 25.

Dawson, Mongol Mission pp. 44–45.

Monumenta Germanic Historica, Scriptores 32 p. 210; Salimbene de Adam, Cronica I p. 317; Matthew Paris, Chronica Majora vi pp. 82; Dawson, Mongol Mission pp. 44–46.

Jackson, Mongols and the West p. 358; Nicol, Last Centuries p. 22.

Jackson, Mongols and the West pp. 143–147.

Dawson, Mongol Mission pp. 44–49.

Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores 17 p. 341; Matthew Paris, Chronica Majora VI p. 82.

Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores 17 p. 341; Matthew Paris, Chronica Majora VI p. 387.

JB I p. 240; II p. 588.