Яков Аракин - Практический курс английского языка 2 курс

to wear scentдушиться

2. изнашивать, протирать, е.g. I have worn my shoes into holes. The carpet wss worn by the

many feet that had trodden on it.

3. носиться (о платье, обуви и т.д.), е.g. This cloth wears well (badly).

wear n , е.g. This style of dress is in general wear now. Сейчас все носят платья этого

фасона. Clothes for everyday wear. Одежда на каждый день. Shoes for street wear. Туфли для

улицы.

footwearобувь

underwearбелье

4. anxious adj 1. озабоченный, тревожный, беспокойный, е.g. I am anxious about his

health. Her face was calm, but the anxious eyes betrayed something of what she felt.

Syn. worried, troubled, е.g. She always gets worried about little things.

2. сильно желающий чего-л., е.g. Не works hard because he is anxious to succeed. The

actor was anxious to please the audience.

Syn. eager, е.g. Isn't he eager to learn?

anxiety n 1. беспокойство, тревога, опасение, забота, е.g. We waited with anxiety for the

doctor to come. All these anxieties made him look pale and tired.

Syn. worry

2. страстное стремление к чему-л., е.g. That anxiety for truth made Philip rather unpopular

with some of his schoolmates.

anxiously ado с беспокойством, с волнением, е.g. We anxiously waited for his arrival.

Note:Cf. the synonyms to be anxious, to worry, to trouble, to bother.The range of

meaning of worry is wide: it can denote emotional states of different intensity whereas its synonyms

are narrower in meaning. In the sentence "His long absence worried his mother very much" worry

expresses a strong feeling of anxiety. It is also possible to say: "It made her very anxious." The

intensity of feeling is slightly weaker here; trouble denotes a still weaker emotion; bother describes

rather a state of irritation and dissatisfaction than of anxiety. Sometimes either of the synonyms can

be used in one and the same sentence. The difference lies in the intensity of the emotion expressed

by each verb, е.g. Don't let that bother you (= don't think about it: it is unimportant). Don't let that

trouble you (nearly the same, but also: Don't get nervous about it). Don't be anxious about it. (The

feeling of fear and anxiety is stronger here than in the previous example.) Don't let that worry you (=

don't let that spoil your mood; don't fear that smth. bad will happen).

5. make (made, made) υt/i 1. делать, производить; готовить, е.g. What is the box made

of?

2. становиться, оказываться, е.g. I'm sure she'll make an excellent teacher.

3. заставлять, е.g. We'll have to make him take the medicine.

N о t e:In this meaning make is followed by a complex object. (Observe the absence of to

with the infinitive!)

to make a mistakeделать ошибку, ошибаться

to make a reportделать доклад

to make (a) noiseшуметь

to make a (the) bedстелить постель

to make friends with smb.подружиться с кем- n ., е.g. Soon she made friends with her

fellow-passengers. She easily makes friends.

to make oneself at homeчувствовать себя как дома, е.g. Come in and make yourself at

home.

to make a joke (jokes)шутить, острить, е.g. Why do you always make jokes? Can't you be

serious?

N o t e : Makeis also used with numerous adjectives giving emotional characteristics, as to

make smb. happy (angry, sad, etc.).

to make up1. составлять (рецепт, список и т.д.), е.g. Before packing make up a list of

things you are going to take.; 2. выдумывать, е.g. You are a fool to listen to his story. He has made

it all up. Make up your own sentences using the new words.; 3. гримировать(-ся), краситься, е.g.

How long will it take the actors to make up? She was so much made up that I didn't recognize her at

first; 4. мириться, as I am sorry for what I said. Let's make it up. You'd better make it up with Ann.;

5. возмещать, компенсировать, е.g. We must make up for lost time. Won't you let me try to make

up for all I've failed to do in the past?

to make up one's mind= to decide

make-up n грим, косметика, е.g. Why should you spoil your pretty face with all this make-

up? The woman uses too much make-up (...слишком сильно красится).

6. hold (held, held) υt/i 1, держать, е.g. She was holding a red rose in her hand.

to hold on to smth.держаться за что-л., е.g. Holding on to a branch, he climbed a little

higher. Hold on to the railing, it's slippery here.

to hold a meetingпроводить собрание, е.g. A students' meeting was held in our department

yesterday.

2. вмещать, содержать в себе, е.g. How many people will this lecture-hall hold?

3. держаться (о погоде), е.g. Will this weather hold?

hold n

to catch (get) hold of smth.ухватиться за что-л., схватить что-л., завладеть чём- n ., е.g.

Не nearly fell down, but managed to catch hold of his companion's arm. The child got hold of a

bright flower.

to keep hold of smth.удерживать, не выпускать, е.g. With every minute it became harder

and harder to keep hold of the slippery ropes.

to lose hold of smth.выпустить (и з рук), е.g. It wasn't her nature to lose hold of anything

she had got hold of.

7. entertain υt/i 1. принимать гостей (rather formal), е.g. We are entertaining a lot.; 2.

развлекать, занимать, е.g. We were all entertained by his tricks.

entertaining adj развлекательный, занимательный, е.g. The conversation was far from

entertaining. In fact, it was horribly dull.

Syn. amusing

entertainment n развлечение, зрелище, представление, е.g. There are many places of

entertainment in any big city.

ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY (I)

Words

anxiety n

attendant n

imitate υ

anxious adj

audience n

make υ

anxiously adv

entertain υ

make-up n

attend υ

entertainment n

wear υ

attendance n

hold υ, n

wings n, pl

wipe υ

Word Combinations

to make (a) noise

a long way from

to lead the way (to)

to lose one's (the) way

to look about oneself

to be (get) out of the way

about (of) smb.'s age

to have one's (own) way

members of the orchestra

to catch hold of smth.

anxious (worried) about smth.

to keep hold of smth.

to make jokes

to lose hold of smth.

to make oneself at home

to hold a meeting

to make up smth.

to hold on to smth.

to make one's way

EXERCISES

1. Bead the text and explain the following points (A. Grammar, B. Word usage,

С. Style):

A.1. Explain the use of tenses in: a) "...a performer said he would imitate 'our dear old

favourite' So-and-so, and named a music-hall star that Rose had never heard of"; b) "Youth had fled

from it"; c) "She was sitting near enough..."

2. Explain the use of all the articles in the fragment beginning with "One turn was an

eccentric fellow", and ending with "played the accordion."

B.1. How do you understand the word human in "...altogether more human than the picture

theatres..."?

2. a) Explain the meaning of the italicized words in the following: "Very few of the turns

were young; they themselves, their creased and fading scenery, their worn property were getting on

in years"; b) What kind of atmosphere is created by this description? Which characteristic feature of

the place is specially emphasized?

3. What is the meaning of the word bloom in "There was no bloom on anything here"? What

kind of image is created by the sentence?

4. Explain the meaning of the words anxious in "eyes anxious behind the mask of pain" and

anxiously in "his real face peering anxiously through that mask." ( Anxious implies fear. Why is the

emotion of fear emphasized in these two sentences?)

C.1. Explain the effect achieved by inversion in: a) "One thing she noticed"; b) "...Standing

there, never taking her eyes off the performer, was an elderly woman..." (See Notes on Style, p. 277).

2. a) What is the effect achieved by the syntactical parallelism in: "...So were the attendants.

So were the members of the orchestra"? b) Find another case of syntactical parallelism in the last

passage but one and comment on it.

II. Transcribe the following words and translate them into Russian:

anxiety, arrival, attendance, imitate, altogether, twopence, properties, creased, wearing,

weary, audience, straight, desolate, joint, anxious, grotesque, ragged, perhaps, endeavour.

III. a) Find in the text sentences with:

a great deal of, very few, very few of, many of

and write your own sentences with the same word-combinations,

b) Find in the text sentences with:

altogether, nearly, usually, then, at first, soon, whatever it is, any more, no longer

and write your own sentences with the same words and phrases.

IV. Answer the questions:

1. When did Rose and Mrs. Burlow arrive at the music-hall? 2. Where were their seats? 3.

Were the stalls expensive? 4. In what way did the audience behave? 5. What kind of place was the

music-hall? What was its most characteristic feature? 6. Were the attendants and the members of the

orchestra young or elderly people? 7. What did the scenery and the properties look like? 8. When did