Бен Линч - Грязные гены. «Большая стирка» для вашей ДНК. Как изменить свою наследственность

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Ваши гены — еще не ваша судьба!

1. Diet reshaping genetic destiny: Wolff, George L. et al. “Maternal epigenetics and methyl supplements affect agouti gene expression in Avy/a mice”, The FASEB Journal, August 1998, http://www.fasebj.org/content/12/11/949.abstract

1. «Чистка» «грязных» генов

2. Toxins in air, water and food: “CAS REGISTRY — The gold standard for chemical substance information,” CAS: A Division of the American Chemical Society, Accessed April 2017, http://www.cas.org/content/chemical-substances

3. We have about 20,000 genes: Ezkurdia, Iakes et al. “Multiple Evidence Strands Suggest That There May Be as Few as 19 000 Human Protein-Coding Genes,” Human Molecular Genetics, 16 June 2014, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4204768/

4. More than 10 million known genetic polymorphisms (SNPs): “Genetics Home Reference: Your Guide to Understanding Genetic Conditions,” US National Library of Medicine, 4 April 2017, https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/genomicresearch/snp.

5. Decreased risk of colon cancer: Xie, SZ. et al. “Association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and risk of cancer: evidence from 446 case-control studies,” Tumour Biology, 17 June 2015,

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26081619.

6. Increased risk of stomach cancer: Xie, SZ., Liu, ZZ., Yu, J. et al. “Association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and risk of cancer: evidence from 446 case-control studies,” Tumour Biology, 17 June 2015,

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26081619.

7. DAO’s can cause serious long-term problems: Wood, J D. “Histamine, Mast Cells, and the Enteric Nervous System in the Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Enteritis, and Food Allergies,” Gut, April 2006, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1856149/.

8. Newborn babies are born with over 200 chemicals in their bodies: “Body Burden: The Pollution of Newborns,” Environmental Working Group, 14 July 2005, http://www.ewg.org/research/body-burden-pollution-newborns.

9. Avoid the worst offenders: “EWG’s 2017 Shopper’s Guide to Pesticides in Produce,” Environmental Working Group, April 2017, https://www.ewg.org/foodnews/summary.php.

10. SNPs in the MTHFR can lead to focused and determination: Tsai, AJ et al. “Heterozygote advantage of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism on specific cognitive performance in elderly Chinese males without dementia,” Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 13 October 2011, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21997345.

2. Секреты генетики: чему вас не учили на уроках биологии

11. Genes that contribute to cancer: Tost, J. “DNA methylation: an introduction to the biology and the disease-associated changes of a promising biomarker,” Molecular Biotechnology, January 2010, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19842073.

12. Burning fat instead of storing it: Podlepa, EM, Gessler NN, Bykhovskiĭ, Via. “The effect of methylation on the carnitine synthesis,” Prikladaia Biokhimiia i Mikrobiolgiia, March-April 1990, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2367349.

13. Methylation helps efficiently burn fuel: Wenyi, XU et al. “Epigenetics and Cellular Metabolism,” Genetics and Epigenetics, 25 September 2016, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5038610/.

14. Methylation helps efficiently burn fuel: Donohoe, Dallas R., Bultman, Scott J. “Metaboloepigenetics: Interrelationships between energy metabolism and epigenetic control of gene expression,” J Cell Physiol, September 2012, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3338882/.

15. 2.5 million that die every second: “How many cells do we have in our body?” UCSB Science Line, 2015, http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=3926.

16. Pain, fatigue, inflammation, and fatty liver caused by lack of new cells: Sanders, Lisa M., Zeisel, Stephen H. “Choline,” Nutr Today, 2007, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2518394/.

17. Neural tube defects and congenital heart defects are a methylation issue: Blom, Henk J. et al. “Neural tube defects and folate: case far from closed,” Nature Reviews Neuroscience, September 2006, http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/pmcc/articles/PMC2970514/.

18. Neural tube defects and congenital heart defects are a methylation issue: Imbard, Apolline, Benoist, Jean-François, Blom, Henk J. “Neural Tube Defects, Folic Acid and Methylation,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17 September 2013, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3799525/.

19. Nausea, vomiting, and gallbladder pains, frequently caused by poor methylation: Jarnfelt-Samsioe A. “Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: a review,” Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, July 1987, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3614796.

20. Gallbladder issues a big pregnancy issue: Pusi, Thomas, Beuers, Ulrich. “Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy,” Orphanet Journal of Rare Disease, 29 May 2007, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1891276/.

21. Methylation produces creatine: Bronsan, JT, Da Silva, RP, Bronsan, ME. “The metabolic burden of creatine synthesis,” Amino Acids, May 2011, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21387089.

22. Poor methylation lead to muscular aches and pains: Onodi, Laszlo et al. “Creatine Treatment to Relieve Muscle Pain Caused by Thyroxine Replacement Therapy,” Pain Medicine, 12 April 2012, https://academic.oup.com/painmedicine/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1526-4637.2012.01354.x.

23. Cardiovascular issues: Zhong, Jia, Agha, Golareh, Baccarelli Andrea A. “The Role of DNA Methylation in Cardiovascular Risk and Disease,” Circulation Research, 8 January 2016, http://circres.ahajournals.org/content/118/1/119.

24. To clear harmful chemicals and excess hormones, you need to methylate properly: Dawling S. et al. “Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-mediated metabolism of catechol estrogens: comparison of wildtype and variant COMT isoforms,” Cancer Research, 15 September 2001, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11559542.

25. Methylation affects your ability to produce glutathione: Prudova, Anna et al. “S-adenosylmethionine stabilizes cystathionine β-synthase and modulates redox capacity,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 9 March 2006, http://www.pnas.org/content/103/17/6489.full.

26. Methylation helps your immune system: Lei W. et al. “Abnormal DNA methylation in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and dermatomyositis,” Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2009, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19444718.

27. Methylation helps prevent DNA errors when new cells are built: Bluont BC et al. “Folate deficiency causes uracil misincorporation into human DNA and chromosome breakage: implications for cancer and neuronal damage,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1 April 1997, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9096386.

28. Folic acid is unnatural and not useful until processed into a useful form: Bailey, Stephen W., Ayling, June E. “The extremely slow and variable activity of dihydrofolate reductase in human liver and its implications for high folic acid intake,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 22 July 2009, http://www.pnas.org/content/106/36/15424.long.

29. Folic acid actually blocks methylation: Christensen, KE et al. “High folic acid consumption leads to pseudo-MTHFR deficiency, altered lipid metabolism, and liver injury in mice,” The American Jounral of Clinical Nutrition, March 2015, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25733650.

30. Take folate instead of folic acid: Lynch, Ben. “Folic Acid and Pregnancy | Is Folic Acid the Right Choice?” You Tube, 7 September 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tnVRv0zGsFY&t=603s.

31. In 1998, FDA required “enrichment” of foods: “Folate,” National Institutes of Health, Accessed April 2017, https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Folate-HealthProfessional/.

32. The wrong amount of exercise: Reynold, Gretchen. “How Exercise Changes Our DNA,” Well, 17 December 2014, https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/12/17/how-exercise-changes-our-dna/?_r=1.

33. Poor Sleep: Kirkpatrick, Bailey. “The Epigenetics of Sleep: 3 Reasons to Catch More Zzz’s,” What is Epigenetics, 3 March 2015, http://www.whatisepigenetics.com/the-epigenetics-of-sleep-3-reasons-to-catch-more-zzzs/.

34. Methyl groups used faster under stress: Bing, Yuntao et al. “Glucocorticoid-induced S-Adenosylmethionine Enhances the Interferon Signaling Pathway by Restoring STAT1 Protein Methylation in Hepatitis B Virus-infected Cells,” The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 30 September 2014, http://www.jbc.org/content/289/47/32639.full.

3. Каков ваш генетический профиль?

35. COMT affects estrogen metabolism: Cussenot, Olivier. “Combination of Polymorphisms From Genes Related to Estrogen Metabolism and Risk of Prostate Cancers: The Hidden Face of Estrogens,” Journal of Clinical Oncology, August 2007, http://ascopubs.org/doi/full/10.1200/JCO.2007.11.0908.

4. Анкета № 1: каким генам необходима «чистка»?

5. MTHFR, или мастер метилирования

36. MTHFR SNP’s can lead to a decreased risk of colon cancer: Xie, SZ. et al. “Association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and risk of cancer: evidence from 446 case-control studies,” Tumour Biology, 17 June 2015, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26081619.