Владимир Аракин - Практический курс английского языка 2 курс. Ключи

UNIT EIGHT
Ex. I, p. 267
Pattern 1: 1. The scorching heat and lack of fresh water prevented/kept the explorers from reaching the southern boundaries of the desert. 2. The fog prevented/kept the fishermen from seeing the coast-line. 3. Put on my raincoat, it will prevent/keep you from gettingwetforawhile.4.His illness prevented/kept him from taking part in the conference. 5. Her poor knowledge of English prevented/ kept her from making a good speech.
Pattern 2:1. Amy left the room without saying a word. 2. You can hardly геаЦге what an ocean-going ship is without having been inside. 3. They will not come to see us without being invited. 4. He could listen to long verses in Latin without understanding a word. 5. He would mark rhythm with his right foot without realizing what he was doing.
Pattern 3: 1. The smallness of our boat made it easy to navigate in such shallow waters. 2. The rainy season in the tropics made it impossible to move on. 3. The hurricane made the place hard to recognize. 4. His quick arrival made it easy to change our plans. 5. Your sisters new hairdo made her hard to recognize.
Pattern 4: 1. The problem is hardly worth the trouble you have taken/you are taking (the trouble taken). 2. The result was hardly worth the sacrifice and efforts (he) made. 3. Your luggage is hardly worth the fare. 4. The conference was hardly worth the time she had spent getting to it/the long way she had made to come to it. 5. The manuscript turned out to be a variant of the original, so it wasnt worth the time (I had) spent translating it.
Ex. II, p. 268
Pattern 1: 1. Various reasons prevented us from doing optional subjects. 2. Her illness prevented her from qualifying for this post. 3. My neighbours silly remarks prevented me from
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enjoying the performance. 4. His advice prevented us from getting into trouble. 5. The windy weather prevented Father from taking us for a drive.
Pattern 2:1. You can 4 leave Great Britain without seeing/) having seen the Lake District. 2. She will not take any medicine without consulting a doctor. 3. You shouldnt leave without having a snack. 4. She cant speak about the news without getting excited. 5. You wont be able to pass your exam without working hard.
Pattern 3:1. Her manners made her unpleasant to de with. 2. Lack of rainfall makes the soil difficult to plough. 3. The likeness of their names makes them easy to remember. 4.1 dont find it necessary to bother him. 5. We find it helpful/useful to make use of tape-recordings.
Pattern 4: 1. The picture is of httlevalue.itis hardly worth the money paid for it. 2. The results of the expedition are hardly worth the efforts made. 3. The trip is hardly worth the trouble taken/ you took. 4. The decorations are hardly worth the time {and money) the city authorities/you have spent on them. 5. The victory was hardly worth the sacrifice. 6. The medicine is hardly worth the money Ive spent on it/the money it has cost me.
Ex. Ill, p. 268
Pattern 1:1. Take the medicine, it will prevent/keep you from catching cold. 2. Something prevented/kept Tom from telling Becky that he had seen Joe the Indian there in the cave.
3. What prevented/kept you from taking that opportunity?
4. She would tell funny stories to prevent/keep the boy from crying. 5. Frank realized that only quick action would prevent/ keep him from going broke/ruining himself.
Pattern 2:1. Molly left town without telling anyone about her suspicions. 2. Gert asked what right Lanny had to make plans without consulting him. 3. Without looking at him Gert said, "You may go." 4. Lanny went out without saying a (single) word.
Pattern 3: Many special terms make his report hard 1 to understand/follow. 2. Care and anxiety/Cares and anxieties made his face hard to recognize. 3. Graphic metaphors made his examples easy to memorize. 4. Everyone finds him easy to deal with. 5. I find your brother pleasant to talk to.
Pattern 4:1. This stamp is hardly worth the money youve paid for it. 2. The business isnt worth the trouble. 3. The goods is hardly worth its package. 4. This trip is hardly worth the time
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spent. 5. James Forsyte thought that fresh air was hardly worth the money paid for country houses.
Ex. II, p. 280
a) 1. clasp, pass, last (grasp, task, casket, grass, brass, fast)
2. prosperous, conscientious, conscious, obvious, anxious (onerous, covetous, carnivorous, vigorous, dangerous, famous, righteous, spacious, dubious, industrious, obnoxious)
3. sight, light, delight (night, might, tight, bright, fight, blight)
4. earn, earnings, earnestly (earth, earthquake, earl, earldom, early)
5. guess, vaguely (giiinea-pig, vogue, guide, guilty, guitar, guest, guarantee, plague)
b) hospitable — гостеприимный
hospitality — гостеприимство prosperous — процветающий, преуспевающий
prosperity — процветание festive — праздничный
festivity — празднество final — заключительный, последний
finality — окончательность
Ex. V, p. 281
1. No man can serve two masters. — Никто не может слу­жить двум господам. (Нельзя служить двум господам одновре­менно/сразу.)
Не serves as gardener. — Он работает садовником.
Не served three years in the army/navy. — Он прослужил три года в армии/на флоте.
These shoes have served me two years. — Эти туфли прослу­жили мне два года.
A wooden box served as a table. — Вместо стола мы (они и т.п.) использовали деревянный ящик.
The waiter served the soup. — Официант подал суп.
Dinner is served. — Обед подан.
There was no one in the shop to serve me. — В магазине меня некому было обслужить.
It serves you right for having disobeyed me. — Так тебе и надо за то, что ты меня не послушался.
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He was in active service during the war. — Во время войны он был на действительной военной службе./Во время войны] он был в армии/на флоте и воевал.
Не has been in the Diplomatic Service for three years. — Ob; находится на дипломатической службе уже три года.
The meals at this restaurant are good, but the service is poor. — Кормят в этом ресторане хорошо, но обслуживание здесь плохое.
The train service is good here. — Здесь хорошо налажено! железнодорожное сообщение.
She no longer needs the services of a doctor. — Ей больше не требуются услуги/не требуется наблюдение врача.
My room is at you service. — Моя комната к вашим услу­гам.
2. a familiar voice — знакомый голос a familiar face — знакомое лицо
a familiar name — знакомое имя
a familiar scene — знакомая сцена, знакомое место
a familiar handwriting — знакомый почерк
a familiar song — знакомая песня
a familiar melody/tune — знакомая мелодия
a familiar scent — знакомые духи, знакомый аромат
a familiar smell — знакомый запах
You should be familiar with the facts before you start investigation. — Перед тем как начать расследование, вам нуж­но глубоко/досконально ознакомиться с фактами.
Не is familiar with many languages. — Он хорошо знает; много иностранных языков.
Her face seems familiar to me. — Ее лицо кажется мне зна­комым.
Are you on familiar terras with him? — Вы с ним прияте-ли?/Вы с ним на короткой ноге?
Dont be too familiar with him, hes rather a dishonest man. — He сходитесь с ним слишком близко, он человек не очень-то честный.
Dont you think he is a bit too familiar with her? — He ка­жется ли тебе, что он ведет себя с ней слишком фамильярно?
3. This book did not impress me at all. — Эта книга не п извела на меня совершенно никакого впечатления.
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I was greatly/deeply impressed by his acting. —– Его игра произвела на меня огромное/глубокое впечатление.
What impressed you most in the play? — Что в этой пьесе произвело на вас наиболее сильное впечатление?
His speech made a strong impression on the audience. — Его речь произвела на слушателей сильное впечатление.
Punishment seemed to make little impression on the child. — Наказания, похоже, мало действовали на ребенка.
Tell us about your impressions of England. — Расскажите нам о ваших впечатлениях от поездки в Англию.
The group left a good/poor/favourable impression on the examiner. — Группа оставила у/произвела на экзаменатора хорошее/плохое/благоприятное впечатление.
an impressive ceremony-^– впечатляющая/величественная/ торжественная/волнующая церемония
an impressive sight — впечатляющий/величественный/ волнующий вид
an impressive scene — впечатляющая/выразительная сцена
an impressive person — яркий человек, яркая личность
an impressive gesture— выразительный/эффектный жест
The scene was quite impressive. — Сцена получилась весь­ма эффектной.
4. Soldiers must obey orders. — Солдаты должны подчи­няться приказам.
Children must obey grown-ups. — Дети должны слушаться взрослых.
Parents demand obedience from their children. — Родители требуют от своих детей послушания.
Не is an obedient boy. — Он послушный мальчик.
The children have been obedient today. — Сегодня дети хо­рошо слушались.
disobedient — непослушный
naughty — непослушный, проказливый
5. sunlight — солнечный свет
daylight — дневной/солнечный свет, естественное освеще­ние; дневное время суток moonlight — лунный свет gas light — газовое освещение electric light — электрическое освещение The sun gives light to the Earth. — Солнце освещает Землю.
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I got up before light — Я встал до рассвета. The light began to fail. — Надвигались сумерки./Свет на чал меркнуть.
Lights were burning in every room. — Все комнаты были, освещены.
Bring a light quickly! — Огня! (Свечу! Фонарь!) Быстрее!
We saw the lights of the city. — Мы увидели огни города.
Look at the matter in the right light. — Рассматривай это дело под правильным углом зрения.
These facts shed a new light on the matter. ~~ Эти данные проливают на дело новый свет.
Give me a light, please. — Дайте мне, пожалуйста, прику­рить.
New evidence has recently come to light. — Недавно обна­ружились новые улики/доказательства/факты.
As the exams approached, she felt that at last she could see the light at the end of the tunnel. — По мере приближения экзаме­национной сессии она наконец почувствовала, что видит свет в конце тоннеля/что конец ее страданиям близок.
a light room — светлая комната
a light day — ясный день
light hair = fair hair — светлые волосы
a light complexion — светлый цвет лица
light brown/green/grey, etc. — светло-коричневый/светло-зеленый/светло-серый и т.п.
light blue — светло-голубой, бледно-голубой
It gets light very early these summer mornings. — Сейчас лето, и по утрам рано светает.
to light a lamp/a candle — зажечь лампу/свечу
to light a fire — развести костер/оГонь
Не lit a lamp. — Он зажег лампу.
Please light the stove. — Пожалуйста, затопи печь.
turn off the gas — выключить газ
blow out a candle — задуть свечу
put out a fire —погасить огонь/костер
The streets were brightly lit up. — Улицы были ярко осве­щены.
The room was lighted by six windows. — В комнате было шесть окон.
Our houses are lighted by electricity. — Наши дома освеща­ются электричеством.
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The burning building lit up the whole district. — Зарево от горящего здания освещало всю округу.
The rising sun lit up the mountain tops. — Восходящее солн­це озарило вершины гор.
sunlit — залитый/освещен ный солнцем
starlit night— звездная ночь
starlit sky — звездное небо
moonlit — залитый лунным светом, лунный (moonlit night — лунная ночь)
6. Rain prevented the game. — Игра не состоялась из-за дождя.
Ill meet you at six if nothing prevents. — Я встречусь с то­бой в шесть, если ничего не помешает/не помешают обстоя­тельства.
Illness prevented him from doing the work. — Болезнь по­мешала ему выполнить работу.
How can you prevent it from happening? — Как ты можешь этому помешать?
Something prevented him from coming/his coming. — Что-то помешало ему прийти.
Prevention is better than cure. — Легче предупредить (бо­лезнь), чем вылечить./Легче предотвратить ошибку, чем ис­править ее последствия.
7. Не earns a good wage because he works for a fair employer. — Он хорошо зарабатывает, потому что у него спра­ведливый хозяин/работодатель/начальник.
She earned her living by sewing { sauinj– — Она зарабаты­вала на жизнь шитьем.
His first book earned him the fame of a novelist. — Его пер­вая книга принесла ему славу хорошего романиста./Его пер­вый роман прославил его.
The teacher told her pupils that they had earned a holiday. — Учительница сказала ученикам, что они заслужили кани­кулы/выходной.
Her good work earned her the respect of her colleagues. — Хорошо работая, она заслужила уважение своих коллег.
Не has spent all his earnings. — Он потратил весь свой за­работок.
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8. to do ones work — делать/выполвять свою работу
to do ones duty — выполнять свой долг
to do ones shopping — делать покупки
to do ones morning exercises — делать зарядку
You did well/wrong to refuse. — Ты хорошо/неправильно сделал, что отказался.
Having nothing better to do I went for a walk. — За неиме­ннем лучших занятий я отправился на прогулку.
Theres nothing to be done now. — Теперь уже ничего не поделаешь/не попишешь.
No sooner said than done. — Сказано — сделано.
Well begun is half done. — Хорошее начало полдела откачало.
I must do my best to help him. — Я должен сделать все воз­можное, чтобы помочь ему.
This medicine wont do you any good. — Это лекарство вам не поможет.
His holiday did him a world/a lot/a great deal of good. — Отпуск явно пошел ему на пользу.
It will do you more harm than good. — От этого вам будет больше вреда, чем пользы./Это принесет вам больше вреда, чем пользы.
to do ones hair — причесываться, делать прическу
to do ones room — убрать комнату
to do ones bed — застелить свою постель
I like the way she does her hair. — Мне нравится ее прическа.
Will you do the beds while I do the window? — Застели кро­вати, пока я буду мыть окно. t
Did you do the British Museum when you were in London? — Когда вы были в Лондоне, вы осмотрели экспозицию Британ­ского музея/вы побывали в Британском музее?
We often see foreigners in Moscow doing the sights. — В Мос­кве мы часто видим иностранцев, осматривающих достопри­мечательности.
It wont do to play all day. — He годится/Нельзя играть целый день напролет.
The room will do us quite well. — Комната вполне нам по­дойдет.
It wont do to sit up so late. — Нельзя ложиться спать так поздно.
This sort of work wont do for him. — Такая работа ему не подойдет.
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Will this sheet of paper do? — Этот лист бумаги подойдет?
Le Ros did well at the Bureau. — В Бюро Ле Po добился боль­ших успехов./В Бюро у Ле Ро хорошо пошли дела.
Everything in the garden is doing splendidly. — Все расте­ния в саду чувствуют себя превосходно.
She is doing very well at school. — Она очень хорошо учит­ся в школе.
Smoking should be done away with. — Необходимо покон­чить с курением.
to have smth. to do with smb./smth. — иметь отношение к кому-л./чему-л., иметь дело с кем-л./чем-л.
to have nothing to do with smb./smth. — не иметь отноше­ния к кому-л./чему– д., не иметь дела с кем-л./чём-л., не иметь ничего общего с кем-л./чем-л.
to have little/not much to do with smb./smth. — иметь (весь­ма) отдаленвое отвошевие к кому-л./чему-л., иметь с кем-л./ чем-л. мало общего.
Не has to do with all sorts of people. — Он имеет/Ему при­ходится иметь дело с самыми разными людьми.
We have to do with facts, not theories. — Мы имеем дело не с теориями, а с фактами.
I advise you to have nothing to do with him. — He советую вам связываться с ним/иметь с ним дело.
What havel todo with it? — Какое я к этому имею отношение?
Ex. V,p. 281
a) naughty — disobedient
good (about a child) — obedient put an end to — do away with
b) familiar — unfamiliar obey — disobey departure — arrival light n — darkness, dark
light v — put out, extingwish (a fire); blow out (a candle); turn off (the gas); turn off/switch off (an electric light/ appliance)
в) press — impress, impression, impressive, pressure, pressing
serve — service, disservice, servant prevent — prevention earn — earnings
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obey — disobey, obedience, disobedience, obedientj disobedient
familiar — unfamiliar, familiarity, to familiarize Ex. VI, p. 281
1. He advised Frank, "Youll do better if you stay at school) until seventeen. It cant do you any barm." 2. At the age of thirtee Frank Cowperwood was able to earn a little money now and then 3. The auctioneer noticed Frank and was impressed by the solidit of the boys expression. 4, After his lonely dinner Soames lighted lit his cigar and walked out again. 5. Jim obeyed thecaptains orde to ride for Doctor Livesey at once. 6. No one could disobey Captai Flints orders. 7. They could not marry till Salvatore had done hi military service. 8.1 knew that his heart was moved by the beaut, and the vastness and the stillness. 9.1 shall choose the job I am mos familiar with. 10. The miller was counting over his money by th light of a candle. 11. "Im at your service" means "Im ready to ob your commands". 12. He was peering into the darkness lighted/lit b a single candle. 13. "Why dont you go into the country?" repeatc Jane. "Jtwoulddoyoualotofgood." 14.They wereattheirlittletab" in the room where Carrie occasionally served a meal 15. When the boy was with us, he was friendly and obedient.
Ex. VII, p. 281
earnings/fee; final; to obey; an impression; a profile; light; to serve (food, drinks, a meal, etc.); a mystery; sociable
Ex. IX, p. 282
1.1 saw the mysterious stranger in the morning. 2.1 met her for the first time on a warm sunny morning last spring. 3. L recognized her face in the window. 4.1 saw no sign of envy in her eyes. 5– Did you confess (to) anything in return? 6. Wait for me on plat arm No. 3 at the St. Petersburg railway-station at half past ten. 7. What have you got in your hand? 8. I never acted on the stage. 9. She smiled at her fellow-passengers. 10,1 heard him recite at a concert last week. 11. Talk to her about the fee. 12. He struck the table with his hand. 13. Did they supply you with everything? 14. I recognized her by/from your description. 15. Just a minute, I shall consult the timetable. 16. What prevented you from confessing (to) everything? 17. The situation is very awkward, but I think I can help it. 18. In other words you
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havent obeyed my instructions. 19. They ran from carriage to carriage along the platform. 20. He said it in a fit of anger. 21. She nodded to me with a grave air. 22. Its a mystery to/for me. 23.1 wasnt satisfied with her vague answer. 24.1 cant tell you how we all miss you. 25. I cant do without this text-book. 26.1 can hardly see anything in this light. 27. Do you think I can do my lessons when you are standing in the light? 28. Has he many pupils on hand?
Ex. X, p. 283
1. Сидя за своим письменным столом, она задумчиво смот­рела на знакомые предметы, которые ее окружали. 2. Вы оказали мне огромную услугу. Смогу ли я когда-либо отплатить вам за вашу доброту? 3, Нельзя поддаваться каждому порыву. 4. В этом городе вам ни за что не найти помощницу кормилицы для чер­ной работы. Здесь никто уже не хочет идти в услужение. 5. Бла­годаря своей красоте и уверенности в себе Чарлз Айвори произ­водил яркое впечатление. 6. Фрэнк ушел из * Уотерман энд ком-пани»только через две недели. 7.Кэтому времени Сильвер уже усвоил привычку обращаться к нам так, словно мы были дру­зьями и на короткой ноге. 8. Впоследствии она всегда вспоми­налась ему именно такой: стройная девушка, машущая ему вслед с залитого солнцем крыльца.
Ex. XIII, р. 284
1. Something prevented me from attendin/prevented my attending the farewell dinner. 2. My companions/fellow-passengers face seemed familiar to me, I must have seen him somewhere before. 3. His critical articles do young authors a lot/ a world of good. 4. The letter of introduction did not impress the director at all. 5. He has been earning his living since he was sixteen. 6. Ive done my best to prevent him from/to prevent his leaving. 7. Dont read by the light of a candle/by candle-light, it is very bad for/ruinous to the eyes. 8. The information bureau is in the next house but two. 9. He is a very sociable man. 10. For your disobedience you wont get any ice-cream for dessert today.
11. Dont stand in my light, I cant make out what is written here.
12. In (the) old days Moscow streets were lighted by gas. 13. Dont envy his earnings: if you work as much as he does/as him, you will earn no less. 14. We were all moved by his farewell speech.
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Ex. II, p. 293
1. Id be delighted to go on a sea voyage, but my wife has never been a good sailor, so we cant join you. 2. Last week we made a wonderful trip to the mountains. It took us four hours by coach. 3. The Italian tour was really exciting. We visited a number of wonderful towns and then returned to Rome. The journey back to Moscow by railway took us about three days. 4. It is delightful to come ashore after a long voyage and to feel solid ground under ones foot. 5. Many times on his long travels in the depths of Africa, in the jungle of the Amazon he faced danger, starvation and death. 6. At the beginning of the last century going from Petersburg to Moscow was described as "travel". Now it is but a nights trip by night train, a six-hour trip by day train or an air voyage of an hour and a half. 7. Im just reading a very amusing book about a pleasure party making a Caribbean cruise in somebodys yacht. 8. Young people are naturally fond of hitch­hiking as a way of visiting new places and seeing things: it is cheap and gives one a feeling of freedom and infinite horizons.
9. Im told youre going on a journey/trip to the Far East.
10. Theyre planning a tour of some Baltic resorts. Theyve a new car, you know. 11. Youre looking pale. A trip to the seaside will do you good.
Ex. VI, p. 294
Nina: Hello, Alex. I remember somebody told me that you had gone on an interesting trip to Siberia.
A1 e x: I really made a wonderful journey to the very heart of Siberia. We went to Krasnoyarsk by plane and then sailed down the Yenissei on a cargo-ship.
Nina: And where did you go ashore?
Alex: Oh, at some spot you are not likely to find on any map. Well, when we found ourselves on the bank, we immediately started for the place where our expedition was working.
Nina: Did you go by car?
Alex: Oh, no! No car could have driven along those paths. We travelled partly on foot, and in some places went along small rivers and streams in rowing-boats. We were in spots where no mans foot had stepped before us.
Nina: How exciting! So you enjoyed the journey, didnt you7
Alex: Every minute of it, though it was not an easy one.
Nina: Did you return by air?
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Alex: No, by train. The fact is, I had hardly enough money for the railway fare, not to say anything of the plane.
Ex. VIII, p. 295
1. What ports will the "Pobeda" call at? Will it call at Dover? 2.1 dont like sea voyages much. I am a bad sailor and I am always sea-sick. 3. Tonight our steamer calls at Naples. There we change for a train and tomorrow we will be in Rome. 4. He couldnt afford to go/going by train, the fare was too high. He got home on foot and by hitch-hiking. 5. Last month a group of our students made an interesting trip to Great Britain. 6. The sea was rough and for several days the passengers kept to their cabins. Some of them had boasted overnight that they were never sea-sick but even they didnt turn/appear up on deck. 7. He made his first voyage on board an old cargo ship bound for/going to Europe. 8. The train had only one sleeping-car/sleeper in which there wasnt a single vacant bunk/berth. There was no dining-car. The beginning of the trip could hardly be called promising. 9. Have you got a ticket for a through/direct train? I hate changes, especially when there is a lot of luggage.
Ex. X a), p. 296
Когда ваш корабль уходит из Гонолулу, вам на шею веша­ют «леи» — гирлянды из благоухающих цветов. На пристани стоит толпа, а оркестр играет трогательную гавайскую мело­дию. Пассажиры кидают с палуб серпантин тем, кто стоит вни­зу, и весь борт расцвечивается яркими бумажными ленточка­ми: красными и зелеными, желтыми и синими. Когда корабль медленно отходит от причала, ленточки тихо рвутся, и это похоже на разрыв тех нитей, что связывают/нитей, связыва­ющих между собой людей. На мгновение мужчину и женщи­ну соединяет яркая полоска бумаги: красная, синяя, зеленая или желтая — а затем жизнь разъединяет их, и бумага легко лопается с чуть слышным треском. Еще с час ее обрывки раз­веваются на ветру, а затем их уносит прочь. Цветы в вашей гирлянде увядают, их запах начинает вас угнетать — и вы вы­брасываете их в море.
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UNIT NINE
Ex. I, p. 307
Pattern 2:1. The Murdstones thought David disobedient.
2. Everybody found something mysterious about Lady Alroy.
3. We thought the last scene quite impressive. 4.1 found the strangers voice vaguely familiar to me. 5. Huck Finn couldnt bear his new life at the widows, he found it extremely dull.
Pattern 3:1. Sabina came into the hall and saw him sitting at the telephone. 2. We watched the seers-off shuffling from foot to foot. 3. Outside he found Joe standing on the platform. 4. She" watched him waving farewell to his friends. 5.1 saw Bob playing centre forward.
Pattern 4.1. Erik started reading the letter again. 2. Soon the porters began pulling luggage along the platform. 3. At last Jack finished writing numerous letters of introduction. 4. Lev Yashin began playing football when he was a teen-ager.
5. Burtons namesake started playing poker and went broke.
6. The Gadfly pulled a chrysanthemum from the vase and began plucking off one white petal after another.
Ex. Ill, p. 308
Pattern 1:1. "They have just seen their relatives to the station." — "So have we." 2. "On Sunday we dined out." — "So did we." 3. "I like my beef steak a bit underdone." — "So does my brother." 4. "They were bored to death listening to his story." — "So were we." 5. Laziness is unforgivable and so is ignorance. 6. "Her son is disobedient/naughty." — "So is mine." 7. My decision is final; I hope so is yours. 8. "Our fellow-passengers/ companions turned out (to be) sociable and nice people." — "So did ours."
Pattern 2:1. Ricardo had met the Gadfly before and thought him rather odd. 2. Judy considered herself totally ignorant in/of many things. 3. When Jack first saw Lady Gwendolen, he found her absolutely charming. 4. Hurstwood didnt believe Carrie talented enough for the stage but thought that the idea of earning ones living in this way was quite sensible. 5. Rosemary thought her action noble and rather daring. 6. Ross found Americans sociable and the English inhospitable. 7. He sincerely believed his work very useful.
Unit Nine ЮЗ
Pattern 3: 1. From.the other end of the table Andrew watched Charles Ivory operating. 2. Charles and Becky saw light glimmering through a small opening in the cave. 3. Everybody standing on deck watched the sun setting. 4.1 cant imagine him doing/going in for/playing/practising sports. 5. We have seen you shaking his hand/shaking hands with him. 6. The poor fellow was extremely surprised/was astonished when he heard Burton offering him a job.
Pattern 4: Gemma had never stopped thinking herself guilty of Arthurs death/blaming herself for Arhurs death. 2. Soon people started coming in groups. 3. He never managed to give up smoking and ruined his health. 4. The captain broke off and began studying the map. 5. Stop treating him like a little disobedient boy.
Ex. II, p. 318
anxiety { xnzaiati] 1. беспокойство, тревога, волнение;
2. обыкн.р1 неприятности, заботы
arrival { а т a i \ (л )1 ] 1. прибытие, приход, приезд; 2. вновь прибывший
attendance { atendans] 1. присутствие; 2. посещаемость;
3. уход, обслуживание
imitate { imiteit] подражать, имитировать, копировать altogether { .оНэдеЗэ] 1. вполне, совсем, совершенно;
2. всего, в общей сложности; 3. в общем, в целом twopence { Upans] два пенса
properties { pmpaiiz] свойства, качества, характеристи­ки (не о человеке) creased { kri:st] мятый
wearing { weann] 1. утомительный, изматывающий; 2. скучный, нудный; надоедливый
weary { wi(a)ri] усталый, утомленный
audience { 3:dians] 1. публика, зрители, аудитория; 2. ра­диослушатели; телезрители
straight { streit] 1. adj прямой; неизогнутый; 2. adv пря­мо, по прямой линии
desolate { desalat] 1. заброшенный; 2. необитаемый, без­людный; 3. неутешный, безысходный
joint { d33int] 1. л сустав; 1. adj совместный, объединен­ный
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anxious { aerjkjss] 1. озабоченный, тревожный, беспокой-] ный (about); 2. сильно желающий чего-л. (for smth.; to do smth.)
grotesque { grsutesk] 1. гротескный; 2. фантастический,!
причудливый; 3. абсурдный, нелепый ragged { rxgid] 1. рваный, потрепанный; 2. оборванный^
одетый в лохмотья perhaps { рэ hasps, pra;ps] может быть, возможно, пожа^]
луй
endeavour { mdevs] 1. п(энергичная) попытка, усилие; 2. а стараться, стремиться
Ex. Щ р. 319
а) 1. The way we took lay through the forest. — Дорога, no ко* торой мы пошли, проходила через лес.
Can you show me the way to Trafalgar Square? — Как прой-1 ти на Трафальгарскую площадь?
Note: –I can show you the way to the nearest village. — Я могу по-] казать вам дорогу/путь к ближайшей деревне.
I can show you a very good road to the village. — Я могу по­казать вам очень хорошую дорогу/тропинку к деревне.
They made their way through the silent streets of the sleeping city. — Они шли по безмолвным улицам спящего города.
The guide led the way through the forest till we reached a narrow path. — В лесу проводник шел первым, пока мы недош­ли до узенькой тропинки.
Lets discuss it on the way home. — Давай обсудим это по дороге домой.
The children lost their way in the forest. — Дети заблуди­лись в лесу.
By the way, what was it she told you? — Кстати, что она вам сказала?
Let me pass, dont stand in my way. — Дай пройти, не стой на дороге.
Unit Nine 1Q5
They couldnt even talk in private: there was always someone in the way. — Они даже не могли поговорить один на один: им все время кто-нибудь мешал.
What was it that stood in the way of her happiness? — И что мешало ей стать счастливой?
Get out of my wayl — Прочь с дороги!
I shall get her out of the way for ten minutes, so that you can have the opportunity to settle the matter. — Я избавлю вас от ее присутствия на десять минут, чтобы дать вам возможность уладить этот вопрос/это дело.
The music was unusual but quite beautiful in its own way. — Музыка была хоть и необычная, но по-своему красивая.
She likes to have hex own way in everything. — Ей нравится всегда поступать/все делать по-своему.
Have it your own way. — Поступай как знаешь.
That seems to me a very good way out. — По-моему, это от­личный выход из положения.
Where there is a will there is a way. — Где хотенье, там и уменье./Кто хочет,-тот добьется.
2. All children over seven attend school in our country. — В нашей стране все дети старше семи лет учатся в школе.
She was tired of attending on/upon rich old ladies who never knew exactly what they wanted. — Ей надоело ухаживать за богатыми старухами, которые никогда точно не знали, чего Tim хочется.
The attendant will show you to your seats. — Билетер про­ведет вас к вашим местам.
Attendance at schools is compulsory. — Посещение школы является обязательным.
The attendance has fallen off. — Посещаемость упала.
Your attendance is requested. — Просим вас присутствовать.
Now that the patient is out of danger the doctor is no longer in attendance. — Теперь, когда пациент вне опасности, врач уже не находится при нем все время.
3. At the party she wore her wedding dress and he said she looked like a lily-of-the-valley. — На вечере она была в своем свадебном платье, и он сказал, что она похожа на ландыш.
You should always wear blue: it matches your eyes. — Ты дол­жна всегда носить голубое: этот цвет подходит к твоим глазам.
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I have worn my shoes into holes. — Я сносила свои туфли д дыр.
The carpet was worn by many feet that had trodden on it. Ковер был весь истерт подошвами множества людей, которы) по нему прошли.
This cloth wears well/badly. — Эта ткань хорошо/плож носится.
4.1 am anxious about his health. — Я беспокоюсь о его зд ровье.
Her face was calm, but the anxious eyes betrayed somethin of what she felt. — Лицо ее было спокойно, но тревожны взгляд выдавал, что творилось в ее душе.
She always gets worried about little things. — Она все вре мя беспокоится по пустякам.
Не works hard because he is anxious to succeed. — Он мног работает, потому что страстно желает добиться успеха.
The actor was anxious to please the audience. — Актеру очен хотелось понравиться публике.
Isnt he eager to learn? — Неужели у него нет тяги к учебе!
We waited with anxiety for the doctor to come. — Мы с тре? вогой ожидали прихода врача.
All these anxieties made him look pale and tired. — Поел всех этих волнений он выглядел бледным и усталым/у не был бледный и изможденный вид.
That anxiety for truth made Philip rather unpopular wit some of his schoolmates. — У некоторых однокашников Фили па его неуемное стремление всегда говорить правду вызывало неприязнь.
We anxiously waited for his arrival. — Мы с волнением ждали его приезда.
5. What is the box made of? — Из чего сделана шкатулка?
Im sure she will make an excellent teacher. — Уверен, нее выйдет прекрасная учительница.
Well make him take the medicine. — Мы заставим его при пять лекарство.
Soon she made friends with her fellow-passengers. — Вско­ре она подружилась с другими пассажирами/со своими поп чиками.
She easily makes friends. — Она легко заводит друзей.
Unit Nine PAGE107
Come in and make yourself at home. — Заходи и чувствуй себя как дома.
Why do you always make jokes? Cant you be serious? — Почему ты вечно остришь? Неужели ты не способен быть се­рьезным?
Before packing make up a list of things you are going to take. — Перед тем как паковать вещи составь список того, что собираешься взять.
You are a fool to listen to his story. He has made it all up. — Ты просто дурак, что слушал его россказни. Он все это выду­мал.
Make up your own sentences using the new words. — Приду­майте свои собственные предложения, используя новые сло­ва.
How long will it take the actors to make up? — Сколько вре­мени понадобится актерам, чтобы загримироваться?
She was so much made up that I didnt recognize her at first. — Она была до того накрашена, что я поначалу ее не уз­нал. *
I am sorry for what I said. Lets make it up. — Извини за то, что я тебе наговорил. Давай помиримся.
Youd better make it up with Ann. — Лучше бы тебе поми­риться с Энн.
We must make up for lost time. — Мы должны наверстать упущенное время.
Wont you let me try to make up for all Ive failed to do in the past? — Неужели ты не дашь мне возможности загладить свою вину?
Why should you spoil your pretty face with all this make­up? — Зачем ты портишь свое милое личико всей этой косме­тикой?
6. She was holding a red rose in her hand. — Она держала в руке красную розу.
Holding on to a branch, he climbed a little higher. — Дер­жась за ветку, он взобрался немного выше.
Hold on to the railing, its slippery here. — Держись за пе­рила, здесь скользко.
A students meeting was held in our department yesterday. — Вчера на нашем факультете проводилось/состоялось студен­ческое собрание.
PAGE108 Essential Course
How many people will this lecture-hall hold? — Сколько че-J ловек поместится в этом лекционном зале?
Will this weather hold? — Долго ли продержится така погода?
Не nearly fell down, but managed to catch hold of hi companions arm. — Он едва не упал, но сумел ухватиться з руку своего спутника.
The child got hold of a bright flower. — Ребенок схват: яркий цветок.
With every minute it became harder and harder to keep hoi of the slippery ropes. — С каждой минутой становилось в труднее удерживать в руках скользкие канаты.
It wasnt her nature to lose hold of anything she had got hold of.— He в ее характере было выпускать из рук то, что ей уда лось заполучить.
7. We are entertaining a lot. — Мы сейчас часто принима ем гостей.
We were all entertained by his tricks. — Нас всех забавляли) его штучки.
The conversation was far from entertaining. In fact, it wad horribly dull. — Разговор никак нельзя было назвать занимав тельным. По правде сказать, он был ужасно скучным.
There are many places of entertainment in any big city. —I В любом большом городе есть множество мест, где можно раз* влечься.
b) road — way, path, track eager — anxious amusing — entertaining, funny wear — have on
c) to find ones way — to lose ones way, to get lost to lose hold of — to get/catch hold of, to seize, to grab, to la ones hands on
d) attend — attendance, attendant, attending, attention,
inattention, attentive, inattentive entertain — entertainer (эстрадный артист),
entertainment, entertaining wear — footwear, underwear
Unit Nine 109
Ex. VIII, p. 319
a) 1. She always worries when she doesnt get my letters for a long time. 2. The letter that informed us of her unexpected departure greatly troubled/worried me. 3.1 knew that he would willingly help me, but I didnt like to bother him. 4. Dont worry! Dinner will be ready on time. 5. The child is very weak, and I can very well understand that it worries you. 6. Dont bother about the taxi. Ill get you home in my car. 7.1 felt that he didnt pay any attention to what I was saying. I decided that he was anxious/ was worrying about something. 8. I shouldnt like to trouble/ bother you with my tiresome affairs. 9. The climate is very bad there, and I worry/am anxious about her health. 10. Im sorry to bother you, but I need his address badly.
b) 1. What are you so anxious about? 2. Her anxious face was pale. 3. We were full of anxiety and worry. 4. Michael was anxious to find a job. 5.1 was anxiously waiting for his answer. 6. His anxiety for success made him many enemies. 7. Anxiety makes people older.
c) 1. Prom the age of seven till seventeen I attended school. 2. The attendance at lectures has fallen off. 3. In this hotel you will be well attended on. 4. Your attendance is required.
d) 1. Who(m) are you entertaining at dinner tonight? 2. His jokes didnt entertain us much. 3. The play was not very entertaining. 4. Do you know any places of entertainment in this town? 5. Do they often entertain?
Ex. IX, p. 320
1. Почему вы думаете, что он знает правду? — Это видно по всему. По выражению его лица. По тому, как он разговари­вал за обедом. 2. Она улыбнулась своей обычной обворожитель­ной улыбкой. 3. Он все бубнил на одной ноте, и от этого Китти казалось, что его голос доносится откуда-то издалека. 4. Осо­бенно он похвалил нас за то, как успешно мы справились с этой трудной работой. 5. Я не знал, куда смотреть. 6. Я действи­тельно никак не могу привыкнуть к этому новому укладу жиз­ни/к этим новым обычаям. 7. Так вот как ты к нам относишь­ся? 8. Она швырнула тапочки мне в лицо. Вела себя самым возмутительным образом/совершенно возмутительно. 9. Иза-бель не хотела мешать Ларри. 10. Софи протолкалась между танцующими парами и исчезла в толпе. 11. Я отступил в сто­рону, чтобы он мог подняться по лестнице. 12. Мать Сюзанны
110 Essential Course
едва ли могла прожить на свою пенсию при таких ценах.
13. Они побывали в Шартре и теперь возвращались в Париж
14. Я видел, как официант пробирается между столиками.
15. В комнате имелась узкая железная кровать, а из осталь­ной мебели — только самое необходимое.
Ex. X, р. 320
1. The children were not allowed to go to the lake b themselves. But one day they had their (own) way and did go without saying a word to anyone. On the/their way home they nearly lost their way. Fortunately they met an old forester who helped them to get home. 2. She told/spoke about it cheerfully in her usual charming way/in that charming way of hers. 3. He made his way to the door without saying a word. 4. I dont know this area. Could you lead the way to that place? 5. What way out do you suggest? 6.1 am afraid the table will be in your way here.
Ex. XII, p. 321
1. Dont worry your pretty little head about/over the mysterious visitor. 2. By arranging good marriages for her daughters she expected to make up for all the disappointments of her own career. 3. He sat quite still and stared with those wide immobile eyes of his at the picture. 4. "He has a bath in cold water every morning." —" Oh! He is made of iron, that man." 5. Are we in the way? 6.1 suppose it was natural for you to be anxious about the garden party. But thats all over now. Theres nothing more to worry about. 7. He arrived at the Lomond Hotel, very hot and sweaty and exhausted and had an obscure feeling that they would take one look at him and then ask him to go away.
Ex. XIV, p. 321
1. On entering the hall she looked about/round/around and made her way to the mirror. 2. She caught hold of my hand to keep from falling. 3. We were going down to the river holding on to the tree branches. 4. All evening the boy would keep hold of the toy. 5. The sick man was so weak that he lost hold of the cup. It fell and smashed/broke to pieces/shattered. 6. The children in the next room were making an awful noise, and he couldnt concentrate on the letter, try as he would/no matter how hard he tried/however hard he tried. Of course, he could make them go to the garden, but he didnt want to show his wife that they were in the way. 7. Very
Unit Nine 111
anxious, he was looking for a way out of the unpleasant situation/ the mess but couldnt make up his mind. 8. Mum is very worried/ is worrying a lot/is very anxious about your health. So ami. 9. She was wearing a lot of make-up/She was heavily made up, and the way she was talking and laughing attracted everybodys attention. 10. "Ive always known several ways of getting rich. But as it happens, keeping hold of the money has always been a problem for me." The elderly passenger talked on and on in the same vein/way to the entertainment/enjoyment of all those travelling in the carriage. 11. Mr. Webb was wearing/wore high heels to make up for his short stature. 12. You cant always have your (own) way. If you behave like this, you will only make enemies.
Sx. XVII, p. 322
Пришла пора отправляться в театр. Фрэнсис Уоберн на­дел свой высоченный цилиндр, снова заговорил о себе, и они двинулись к «Колизею*. Он оказался намного выше, чем прежде думала Роуз, — впрочем, возможно, все дело было в его нелепом цилиндре, — и подле него она казалась себе кро­хотной толстушкой Г правда, толстушкой милой и умной. Она семенила рядом, делая вид, что прислушивается к его расска­зу, но на самом деле вместо того чтобы слушать, все время по­вторяла про себя: «Это я, я, Роуз Солтер, иду сейчас на рус­ский балет в «Колизее» с высоким, шикарным парнем, насто­ящим лондонцем. Как все это странно!»
Они поднялись на один из балконов громадного театра, который показался Роуз самым что ни на есть великолепным и изумительным местом, которое она когда-либо видела. Вни­зу, в оркестровой яме, десятки музыкантов настраивали свои инструменты. Публика, такая же шикарная, как Фрэнсис Уоберн, внимательно изучала программки. Затем в зале мед­ленно погасли все огни, кроме тех, что так красиво освещали занавес. Заиграла музыка, Фрэнсис Уоберн замолчал, и Роуз вмиг забыла о его существовании. Музыка оказалась очень странной, не похожей ни на что из слышанного ею раньше. В ней не было ничего уютного, удобного, ласкающего слух. Роуз не могла понять, нравится ей эта музыка или нет: у нее не получалось отодвинуть ее в сторонку, подумать и решить. Она неслась и тонула в грандиозных волнах звука, потрясен­ная их неотвязным биением и громом труб. Занавес словно по волшебству взвился, пред нею ослепительными красками за­
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играла сцена, и ее ошеломленному взору представился незна-1 комый край, новая, незнаемая вселенная. Последняя мощная! волна звука словно подняла ее и швырнула за границы при-] вычного мирка. Эльфы, феи и гномы, населявшие эти неведо! мые царства, могли жить только в беспрестанном движении! Иногда они бывали скучноватыми. Иногда глупыми. Но по] большей части они были так прекрасны, деятельны и граций озны и было так очевидно, что они — существа из другого мира,] мира, где царят музыка и яркие цвета, что у Роуа стоял в горя ле ком и к глазам подступали слезы.
Публика захлопала. Фрэнсис Уоберн захлопал. Но Роуз не могла аплодировать. Просто бить в ладоши, производя глупый] шум, — нет, для них этого было слишком мало. У нее был для] них лучший дар — все ее сердце.
Ex. V, р. 329
When we arrived, the house was already full. In a few minutes] the curtain went up and all eyes turned on the stage. The scenery! was very simple, in black, white and grey. Against this back-] ground the costumes of the characters looked very impressive.] The cast was pretty good and the leading mans acting was justl magnificent. When he was on the stage, the attention of the entire! audience was fixed on him and his performance. During the] celebrated scene from the third act there was death-like/dead/j deathly silence. The spectators were overwhelmed/stunned. Many] of them wept. Besides, the scene was lighted marvellously. Thel director was using the lighting to advantage to heighten/enhance] the impression made by the actors performance.
When after the final scene the curtain had gone/went down,] there followed a long pause and then a storm/burst of applause J (there was a long pause followed by a storm/burst of applause). ]
Ex. VIII a), p. 331
Chekhovs play "The Sea-gull" was first staged in the \ Alexandrinsky Theatre in Petersburg. It was a complete failure. ] The play was ruined by a dull and clumsy production. It was | staged in the "good old traditions" whereas Chekhovs plays were quite unlike any other plays written before and demanded new forms and devices. The Petersburg audience did not understand "The Sea-gull". There was laughter in most poetical scenes and many of the audience left long before the end of the play. It was
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a cruel blow to Chekhov. However, in the Moscow Art Theatre, which was not a year old then (it was in 1898), the same play directed by K. S. Stanislavsky was a tremendous success. Stanislavskys production of "The Sea-gull" opened a new epoch in the history of the theatre and symbolized the triumph of the new and progressive forms over the old ones.
In memory of that event a white sea-gull spreads its wings on the curtain of the Moscow Art Theatre.
Ex. IX a), p. 332
The circumstances under which "The Sea-gull" was staged were complicated and painful. Anton Chekhov was seriously ill at the time, as his tuberculosis had got worse. Besides his depression was so deep that he might not have survived another failure of "The Sea-gull" like the one he had seen when it was first produced/put on in St. Petersburg. The failure of the new production might have killed the writer. His sister Maria, tears of anxiety in her eyes, had warned us about it and implored us to cancel the performance. However, we needed it badly because financially the theatre was in bad shape/because the theatre was pressed for money, and we were in need of a new production to raise the box-office returns. Let the readers judge for themselves/ I leave it to the reader to judge what condition we, the actors, were in when we came on the stage to act in the new production for the first time knowing that the house was far from full. Standing on the stage we were listening to the inner voice whispering, "Act well, act brilliantly, achieve a success, a triumph. And if you fail, remember that on receiving your telegram the writer you love will die, put to death by your hands. You will become his executioners."
I do not remember how we performed. The first act concluded amid death-like silence. One of the actresses fainted and I myself was on my last legs from despair. But suddenly after a long pause there was an uproar, a crash, a storm of applause. The curtain moved, went up… then down again and we just stood there, stunned. Then there was an uproar again and again up went the curtain… 1 We were all standing motionless, hardly aware that we were supposed to take curtain-calls. Eventually we sensed
You can avoid using "again" twice: "…was another uproar a^d again up went the curtain….
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success and extremely excited, began to embrace/hug each other. We cheered M. Lilina who had played Masha and had melted the ice in the spectators hearts with her closing words. Each act heightened the success and the performance ended in a triumph. Chekhov was sent a detailed telegram.
Ex. XII a), p. 334
A. На свете есть множество людей, которых в театре все­гда охватывает волнение, сколько бы раз они туда ни ходили. Для них театр — это таинственный и прекрасный мир; он от­крывает им двери в царство фантазии, усиливая радость жиз­ни, а создаваемая на сцене иллюзия озаряет их обыденную жизнь золотым, светом романтики.
B. В Театре, которому мы с гордостью служим, идеи — это всего лишь летние зарницы, вспыхивающие над бездонным озером чувств. Возможно, театр и стимулирует ум, но главное не это, а то, что он захватывает воображение зрителя, так что тот еще долго видит перед собой актеров и слышит, как они говорят ему о св.оем отчаянии или надежде.