Владимир Аракин - Практический курс английского языка 1 курс

ударно и произносится тем же тоном, что и определяемое слово, но на

более низком уровне.

My -> brother-in-law, | -» Henry ,Sandford... # %%j

2. You know — вводная смысловая группа. Вводная смысловая

группа в конце предложения безударна и продолжает мелодию

предшествующей смысловой группы :

Гт a х writer, | —> just a bevginner, you know.

_liu

3. Слово well-bred является составным прилагательным. Составные

прилагательные обычно произносятся с ударением на каждом из

составляющих слово элементов. Например: 'well-'known, 'good-'looking,

'kind-'hearted, 'absent-'minded.

В связной речи под влиянием ритма одно из ударений может

опускаться. Например: She is а -»good-looking vgirl.

STUDY THE FOLLOWING

T a b l e No1

POSSESSIVE CASE OF NOUNS

the room of my sister — my sister's [z] room

the son of my friend — my friend's [z] son

the answer of the student — the student's [s| answer

the works of Marx — Marx's [iz] works

the books of the students — the students' books

the flat of my mother-in-law — my mother-in-law's [z]flat

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e, g. My brother'sflat is large. The girl'slace is

pretty. These are Byron'spoems. The students'

answers are correct. My daughter-in-law'sroom is

small.

T a b l e No. 2

THE VERB TO HAVE IN THE PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE

I (we, you, they)have (got)1afather, cousin, book, flat.He (she)has (got)

I (we, you, they)have (got)someink, time, work. French books, new maps, good

pictures.He (she)has (got)

Hav

e

I (we, you, they)

a

father, cousin, book, flat?

Has

he (she)

Hav

any

ink, time, work? friends?

e

I (we, you, they)

cousins? children?

Has

he (she)

PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE

I (we, you, they)haven't

•

have no haven't (got)any aink, time, work, books, cousins, maps, mother-in-

law.hasn'tanyink, time, work.He (she)has nochildren.sisters-in-law.hasn't (got)ason,

book, map.

Примечание.

Неопределенное

местоимение

some

употребляется

в

утвердительных предложениях; any — в вопросительных и отрицательных

предложениях, по — только в отрицательных; not any предпочтительно в

разговорной речи

1 В разговорной речи глагол to have очень часто заменяется формой have got.

70

The book is onthe table. The pencil is inthe box.

The ball is underthe table. The boy is atthe window.

Go intothe room!

Take the newspaper out ofthe bag!

Go tothe blackboard.

Take the book fromthe library.

Go downthe stairs.

Look up.

NUMERALS 1—12

13—19

CardinalOrdinalone[ WAn ] the first[f3:st]two[tu:]the second['sekand]three[6ri:]the

third[9 :d]four[fo:]the fourth[fo:9]five[faiv]the fifth1[fife]six[siks]the

3

sixth[siksG]seven['scvn]the seventh['sevnO]eight[eitlthe eighth[eite]nine[nam]the

ninth[патв]ten[ten]the tenth[ten9]eleven[I'levn]the eleventh[I'levne]twelve[twelv]the

twelfth[twelfG]

1 Полужирным шрифтом выделены числительные, представляющие особые

трудности в написании.

Cardinal

Ordinal

thirteen

['03:lti:n]

the thirteenth

['Gsi'tknG]

fourteen

['fo:'ti:n]

the fourteenth

['fo:ti:nei

fifteen

.['fifti:n]

the fifteenth

[TiftiinG]

sixteen

['siks'ti:n]

the sixteenth

['siks'tr.nG]

seventeen

['sevn'ti:n]

the seventeenth

['sevn'tknG]

eighteen

['ei'tiin]

the eighteenth

[*ei'ti:nG]

nineteen

['nain'tkn]

the nineteenth

['nam'ti:n0]

20—100

Cardinal

Ordinal

71

twenty

['twenti]

the twentieth

['twentnG]

twenty-one

['twenti

the twenty-first

['twehtrf3:st]

Wn]

twenty-two

['twenti

the twenty-

['twenti'seksn

'tu:]

second

d]

thirty

[•03:ti]

the thirtieth

['GsitnG]

forty

[*fo:ti]

the fortieth

[TD -.tnG]

fifty

['fifti]

the fiftieth

I'fiftuG]

sixty

['siksti]

the sixtieth

['sikstuG]

seventy .

['sevnti]

the seventieth

['sevntiiGj

eighty

Teiti]

the eightieth

['emiG]

ninety

I'namti]

the ninetieth

I'namtnG]

a (one) hundred

['rundrad]

the hundredth

['rundradG]

Примечания.1. Числительные, оканчивающиеся на суффикс -teen,имеют два

равных ударения: 'thir'teen. В связной речи под влиянием ритма одно из ударений

может* опускаться: 'fourteen books, но 'page fourteen.

2. Номер телефона читается 5687 — five six eight seven. Есл-рг~две первые (или

последние) цифры номера телефона одинаковые, употребляется слово double: 4417

— double four one seven: 3477 — three lour double seven. Если две средние цифры

номера телефона одинаковые, то слово double не употребляется: 7889 — seven eight

eight nine. Цифра 0 читается [зи]. Номера 1000, 2000 и т. д. читаются one thousand,

two thousand и т. д.

3. При обозначении номеров домов, квартир, автобусов и т. п., а также часто

страниц, глав, упражнений употребляются количественные числительные.

Существительные в таких случаях употребляются без артикля, и оба слова пишутся

с прописной буквы. Например1 The meeting will take place in Room Thirty.

I. Study Substitution Table No. 2, page 72 and compose as many sentences as you

can.

II. Transcribe the following words and explain the reading rules:

five, tip, bed, pipe, land, fry, rule, ton, tone, pupil, love, cut, shade, brother,

shall, bus, snack, blame, poke, found, aloud, green, town, toy, farm, yellow,

glove, warm, some, won, worse, nothing, mild, world, month, worth,

company, worship, none, find, wild, ought, above, brought.

III.

Explain the pronunciation of the consonants in bold type in the following

words:

face, eight, yet, gate, cage, engine, lock, wrong, write, job, white,

gymnastics, Alice, chest, light, cheek, fish, sigh, gently, knight, bright, ginger,

knock, physics, phlox, Gypsy, whole, whip, whisper.

72

IV. Before you start working at the text practise the sounds in the following words

and word combinations:

1. [ae] — companions, married, family, parrot, rabbit;

( h ) — a house-wife, a hedgehog, in the house, to have a rabbit, his

mother, we have no peace;

[ 3 v ]—a lot of friends, most of them, a member of her family, is fond of

birds, because of all.

No palatalization: Smith, Elizabeth, beginner, sister.

2. a) No glottal stop: is JElizabeth, my^elder, have_only,

and^animals, isjeager, becausejof_all;

b) Linking [r|: my brother-in-law, a member^pf, my sisterjs, his

motherjs.

V. a) Listen to the recording of the text "Betty Smith", Mark the stresses and

tunes, b) Practise the text for test reading very carefully . until you can say it in

exactly the same way.

V. Transcribe the following sentences, mark the stresses and tunes:

1. My brother-in-law, Mr. Smith, is a writer. 2. Have you a sister? 3. How

old is she? 4. Whatrs her name? 5. Is Betty a member of his family?

VII. Answer the following questions:

1. What's Betty Smith's full name? 2. What is she? 3. Has she got many

companions? 4. Are her companions kind and jolly? 5. Who is Betty's elder

sister Helen married to? 6. Is Betty a member of her sister's family? 7. What's

her brother-tn-law?

9. Has Doctor Sandford parents? 9. Is Helen a doctor? 10. Have

they got any children? 1. How old is Betty's nephew? 12. Is he a

good child? 13. What's he fond of? 14. Is Benny eager to have

a dog? 15. Have they got any animals and birds in the house?

VIII. Ask and answer questions. Use contracted forms where possible.

Work in pairs.

M o d e l 1: What's his name? — (It's) Benny.

1. What's your name? 2. What's your mother's name? 3. What's her