Александр Солженицын - Раковый корпус - русский и английский параллельные тексты
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- Название:Раковый корпус - русский и английский параллельные тексты
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В основе повести – личный опыт и наблюдения автора. Больные «ракового корпуса» – люди со всех концов огромной страны, изо всех социальных слоев. Читатель становится свидетелем борения с болезнью, попыток осмысления жизни и смерти; с волнением следит за робкой сменой общественной обстановки после смерти Сталина, когда страна будто начала обретать сознание после страшной болезни. В героях повести, населяющих одну больничную палату, воплощены боль и надежды России.
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| Now what if this kind, stern, impartial "uncle" of a doctor, who never gives in to your temper or wheedlings as parents do, were suddenly to take the youngster into his surgery, lock the door and gently start an obscure sort of conversation, both embarrassing and interesting, and then, without any prompting, were to guess all his or her most important and difficult questions and answer them himself? | Если теперь этот беспристрастный дядя доктор, добрый и строгий, которого не возьмёшь ни капризом, ни просьбой, как родителей, вдруг запрётся с девочкой или с мальчиком в кабинете? Да заведёт исподволь какой-то странный разговор, который вести и стыдно, и интересно очень, и где безо всяких вопросов младшего доктор догадается и на всё самое главное и трудное ответит сам? |
| And what if he invited them back for another talk? | Да может и на второй такой разговор позовёт? |
| Surely this would not only guard them against making mistakes, against giving in to bad urges, against harming their bodies? Mightn't it also cleanse and correct their whole view of the world? | Так ведь он не только предупредит их от ошибок, от ложных порывов, от порчи своего тела, но и вся картина мира для них омоется и уляжется. |
| Once their chief anxieties and desires are understood, they will no longer imagine they're so hopelessly incomprehensible in other respects. | Как только они будут поняты в их главной тревоге, в их главном поиске - им не станет уже казаться, что они так безнадёжно непоняты и в остальных отношениях. |
| From that moment on they will find the arguments their parents produce much more impressive too.'Ludmila Afanasyevna had herself prompted him to this discourse by telling the story of her son. Since her son's problems were still unsolved, she ought now to be listening to what Oreschchenkov said and thinking how best to apply it to the case. | С этого мига им внятнее станут и всякие иные доводы родителей. |
| When he spoke it was in a full, pleasant voice which had not yet cracked with age. His eyes were bright and lively with meaning which added conviction to his words. But Dontsova noticed that as the minutes went by she was losing her blissful calm that had refreshed her in his consulting room armchair; there was an unpleasant dreary feeling rising in her chest, a sensation of something lost, of something being lost even as she listened to his well-thought-out speech, an urge to get up and run away, although she had no idea where to, why or for what purpose. | Орещенков говорил полнозвучным голосом, ещё никак не давшим трещин старости, он смотрел ясными глазами, живым смыслом их ещё доубеждая, но Донцова заметила, что от минуты к минуте её покидает благостное успокоение, освежившее её в кресле кабинета, а какая-то грязца, что-то тоскливое, поднимается, поднимается в груди, ощущение чего-то потерянного, или даже теряемого вот сейчас, пока она слушает рассудительную речь, а надо б встать, уйти, поспешить - хотя неизвестно, куда же, зачем. |
| 'You're right,' she agreed. | - Это верно, - согласилась Донцова. |
| 'We have neglected sex education.' 'We seem to think children ought to pick it all up for themselves like animals. And that's exactly how they do - like animals. We seem to think it's unnecessary to warn children against perversion, because we work from the assumption that in a healthy society they should all be normal. So they have to learn from one another, and what they learn is vague and distorted. In all other fields we regard it as essential that our children be guided. It's only in this field that guidance is considered "shameful". That is why you sometimes meet grown women who have never experienced the full range of emotion, for the simple reason that the man didn't know how to treat her on their first night.' 'Hmm, yes,' said Dontsova.'Yes indeed!' said Oreshchenkov firmly. | - Половое воспитание у нас заброшено. |
| He had noticed the momentary, troubled, confused, impatient expression on Dontsova's face. | От Орещенкова не укрылась эта перебегающая смутность, нетерпеливая растерянность на лице Донцовой. |
| But since she wasn't eager to know the nature of her disease, why keep going over the symptoms on Saturday night when she would only have to step behind an X-ray machine on Monday? It was his job to distract her by conversation, and what better topic could there be for doctors to talk about? | Но для того, чтобы в понедельник зайти за рентгеновский экран, ей, не желающей знать, совсем не надо было в этот субботний вечер ещё и ещё перебирать симптомы, ей и надо было отвлечься в беседе. |
| 'Generally speaking,' he remarked, 'the family doctor is the most comforting figure in our lives, and now he's being pulled up by the roots. The family doctor is a figure without whom the family cannot exist in a developed society. He knows the needs of each member of the family, just as the mother knows their tastes. There's no shame in taking to him some trivial complaint you'd never take to the out-patients' clinic, which entails getting an appointment card and waiting your turn, and where there's a quota of nine patients an hour. And yet all neglected illnesses arise out of these trifling complaints. How many adult human beings are there, now, at this minute, rushing about in mute panic wishing they could find a doctor, the kind of person to whom they can pour out the fears they have deeply concealed or even found shameful? Looking for the right doctor is the sort of thing you can't always ask your friends for advice about. You can't advertise for one in a newspaper either. In fact, it's a matter as essentially intimate as a search for a husband or a wife. But nowadays it's easier to find a good wife than a doctor ready to look after you personally for as long as you want, and who understands you fully and truly.' | - Вообще, семейный доктор - это самая нужная фигура в жизни, а её докорчевали. Поиск врача бывает так интимен, как поиск мужа-жены. Но даже жену хорошую легче найти, чем в наше время такого врача. |
| Ludmila Afanasyevna frowned. These were abstract ideas. Meanwhile her head was whirling with more and more symptoms arranging themselves in the worst possible pattern. | Людмила Афанасьевна наморщила лоб. |
| 'That's all very well, but how many family doctors would you need? | - Ну да, но сколько ж надо семейных докторов? |
| It simply doesn't fit into the system of a free, national, universal health service.' | Это уже не может вписаться в нашу систему всеобщего бесплатного народного лечения. |
| 'It'll fit into a universal national health service, but it won't fit into a free health service,' said Oreshchenkov, rumbling on and clinging confidently to his point. | - Всеобщего - может, бесплатного - нет, - рокотал Орещенков своё. |
| 'But it's our greatest achievement, the fact that it's a free service.' | - А бесплатность - наше главное достижение. |
| 'Is this in fact such an achievement? | - Да уж такое ли? |
| What does "free" mean? The doctors don't work for nothing, you know. It only means that they're paid out of the national budget and the budget is supported by patients. | Что значит "бесплатность"? - платит не пациент, а народный бюджет, но он из тех же пациентов. |
| It isn't free treatment, it's depersonalized treatment. If a patient kept the money that pays for his treatments, he would have turned the ten roubles he has to spend at the doctor's over and over in his hands. He could go to the doctor five times over if he really needed to.''But he wouldn't be able to afford it?''He would say, "To hell with the new curtains and spare pair of shoes. What's the use of them if I'm not healthy?" Is it any better as things are now? You would be ready to pay goodness knows how much for a decent reception at the doctor's, but there's no one to go to to get it. | Это лечение не бесплатное, а обезличенное. |
| They all have their schedules and their quotas, and so it's "Next patient, please". As for the clinics that do charge fees, the turnover's even faster than in the others. | Сейчас не знаешь, сколько б заплатил за душевный приём, а везде - график, норма выработки, следующий! |
| Why do people go there? Because they want a chit or certificate or sick leave or an invalid's pension card. | Да и за чем ходят? - за справкой, за освобождением, за ВТЭКом, а врач должен разоблачать. |
| The doctor's job there is to catch the malingerers; patients and doctors are like enemies. Do you call that medicine? Or take actual drugs and medicine, for instance. In the twenties all medicines were free. Do you remember?' 'Is that right? Yes, I think they were. One forgets.' 'You'd really forgotten, had you? They were all free of charge, but we had to give it up. Do you know why?' 'I suppose it must have been too expensive for the Government,' said Dontsova with an effort, closing her eyes for a short while. 'It wasn't only that, it was also that it was extremely wasteful. The patient was bound to grab all the drugs he could since they cost him nothing and the result was he threw half of them away. | Больной и врач как враги - разве это медицина? А симптомы, симптомы лезли в голову и напирали выстроиться в худший из рядов... |
| Of course I'm not saying all treatments should be paid for by the patient. | - Я не говорю, что всё лечение полностью надо сделать платным. |
| It's the primary treatment that ought to be. | Но первичное - обязательно. |
| After a patient has been directed to enter hospital or undergo treatment that involves complicated apparatus, then it's only fair it should be free. | А уж когда определено больному ложиться в клинику и к аппаратам - там справедливо бесплатное. |
| But even so, take any clinic: why do two surgeons do the operations while the other three just gape at them? | Да и то вот в вашей клинике: почему два хирурга оперируют, а трое в рот им смотрят? |
| Because they get their salaries come what may, so why worry? | Потому что зарплата им идёт, о чём беспокоиться? |
| If they got their money from the patients, nobody would ever consult them. Then your Halmuhamedov and your Pantyokhina would be running round in circles, wouldn't they? One way or the other, Ludochka, the doctor should depend on the impression he makes on his patients, he should be dependent on his popularity. Nowadays he isn't.' | А если б деньги от пациентов да ни один пациент бы к ним не пошёл - забегал бы ваш Халмухамедов! Или Пантёхина. Тем или иным способом, Людочка, но врач должен зависеть от впечатления, производимого им на больных. От своей популярности. |
| 'God help us if we had to depend on every single patient, that scandal-monger Polina Zavodchikova, for instance...' 'No, we should depend on her as well.' 'That's sheer humiliation!' | - Ну, не дай Бог ото всех зависеть! От какой-нибудь скандалистки... |
| 'Is it any worse than depending on the seniordoctor? | -А от главврача зависеть - почему лучше? |
| Is it any less honest than drawing a government salary like some bureaucratic civil servant?' | А из кассы получать как чиновник - почему честней? |
| 'But some of these patients dig down into every detail. Rabinovich and Kostoglotov, for example. They wear you out asking theoretical questions. Are we supposed to answer every single one?' Not a crease furrowed Oreshchenkov's high forehead. He had always known Ludmila Dontsova's limitations: they were not narrow either. She was quite capable of considering and treating the trickiest cases, all on her own as well. The two hundred or so unassuming little items she had published in medical journals were examples of the most difficult type of diagnosis, which was the most difficult aspect of medicine. Why should he expect any more of her? | - А дотошные есть, замучают тебя теоретическими вопросами, так на всё отвечай? |
| 'That's right,' he said, 'you must answer every single one.' | - Да. И на всё отвечай. |
| 'Why, where do we find the time?' objected Dontsova indignantly, warming up to the argument. | - Да когда ж всё успеть! - возмутилась и оживилась к разговору Донцова. |
| It was all very well for [him, walking up and down the room in his slippers. | Ему хорошо тут в домашних туфлях расхаживать по комнате. |
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